Linking Research and Rural Innovation to Sustainable Development

Transcription

1 GFAR b.en 2 nd Triennial GFAR Conference May 2003 Méridien Président Hotel, Dakar, Sénégal Linking Research and Rural Innovation to Sustainable Development Successful Experiences in ARD: China/Canada Dryland Farming Project: A Case Study Powerpoint Presentation

2 China/Canada Dryland Farming Project A Case Study

3 China GansuInner Mongolia Shanxi Hebei Beijing Shandong Population: 1,284,303,705 Area: 9,596,960 sq km Arable land: 13.31% Irrigated land: 525,800 sq km GDP: $US 6 trillion agriculture 18%

4 Grain production from 1970 to Total grain yield x 10 6 (M t) Maize Wheat Rice Year

5 Total production x 10 6 (M t) Meat and milk production from 1970 to 2001 Milk Meat Year

6 Fertilizer usage from 1970 to Total fertilizer (M t) K P N Year

7 Hebei Lowland Plain Water table is dropping 1 m per year due to over irrigation Excessive tillage and removal of crop residue are causing soil deterioration Unbalanced fertilization and excessive pesticide application are causing soil and water pollution

8 Project Objective Improve rural well being through sustainable and profitable agriculture in the Hebei Lowland Plain

9 Funding Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) funded both phase I ($4.9 M) and Phase II ($4.9 M) China Governments matched equal amount through cash and in-kind

10 How >>>Capacity building: Human resource Management Scientific Infrastructure Laboratory Equipment Research Development Outreach Program

11 Capacity Building: Human Resource Over 100 scientists, extension specialists and managers trained in Canadian institutions Training duration ranged from 1 to 36 months Most trainees returned to their respective work unit

12 Capacity Building: Infrastructure Equiping soil chemical analysis, soil physics, soil microbiology, plant pathology and GIS labs Upgrading field equipment

13 Research Development Irrigation water use reduced by 30% Fertilizer efficiency increased by 50% Herbicide efficacy increased by 75-90% Bio-control to control crop disease and insect and to reduce pesticide usage

14 Over 90% of corn field in Hebei seeded with zero till (2.4 M ha with 3 M farms) Pesticide usage reduced by % Income increased by 10-30% compared to conventional farming

15 Outreach program 11 extension sites established in Hebei in extension sites established in Hebei and 1 each in Shandong, Gansu, Shanxi and Inner Mongolia in 2000

16 The objective of the outreach program is to transfer farming technologies developed by the Hebei Dryland Project to other regions of northern China

17 Liangcheng Xingtang Ningjin Lincheng Zhenyuan Lishi

18 Organizational model Hebei Dryland Project Management County Agri. Academy HAAFS Prov. Agri.Dept Village This is the first time in China that a provincial agency extends technologies beyond its boundary Extension Team Producers

19 Delivery Mechanism Class room lecture Field instruction Field demonstration Field days

20 Performance Measurement Baseline household survey prior to extension activity 2nd survey after two years of implementation Comparing the changes in the farm households to evaluate the impact

21 Technologies extended: Drought-resistant resistant crop varieties and alternative crops Water-saving cropping systems Integrated water management technology Conservation tillage and fertilizer application Integrated Pest Management Plastic film mulching

22 Liangcheng, Inner Mongolia Monthy Precipitation 2001 Long-term Precipitation (mm) Month

23 Corn (2001) conventional drip irrigation balance fertilization seed coating mulch minimum-till Yield (kg mu -1 ) Input (RMB mu -1 )

24 conventional drip irrigation balance fertilization seed coating mulch minimum-till Net income (RMB mu -1 )

25 Beneficiaries The outreach program satisfies the needs of farmers, has gained the government recognition and produces great soil impacts

26 Potential Dryland Benefits Potential average net income gain 100 RMB/mu Potential area to adapt proper technologies: IMAR 30 M mu Shanxi 50 M mu Gansu 20 M mu Hebei 30 M mu Potential economic benefit 13 B RMB+ annually Soil and water conservation