International. Wheat Innovation Workshop. Wheat, the most important staple crop. Grégoire Berthe, Céréales Vallée

Transcription

1 International 16 th - 17 th November 2015 Clermont-Ferrand, France Wheat Innovation Workshop Wheat, the most important staple crop Grégoire Berthe, Céréales Vallée

2 Wheat : the future starts today Man s companion from the Neolithics Wheat remains an especially critical staff of life for the 2.5 billion wheat consuming poor men, women, and children who live on less than USD 2 per day. Wheat is a key source of calories and protein for 4.5 billion people in more than 100 countries. Provides 20% of all calories; second only to rice as a source of calories for people in developing countries Provides 20% of proteins

3 Wheat : the first among all crops 15% of the world arable land acreage

4 Wheat : mostly an Eurasian crop Misc. 15% UE 28 12% 39% 13% 21% North Am. CEI Asia World = 223 Mha (+1% on one year) EU 28 : 27 Mha CEI : 47 Mha North Am.: 29 Mha Asia : 88 Mha En Mha Africa : 10 Mha Oceania : 14 Mha Centr. & South Am. : 9 Mha Source : USDA, Agreste

5 Wheat : world wheat production Mt Production : 726 Mt Consumption : 703 Mt Stock : 212 Mt Trade: 164 Mt (23% of prod.) Mt Source : USDA

6 Wheat : key-data Production : 726 Mt Export : 164 Mt (23% of prod.) Australie 3% Ukraine 3% Turquie 2% Autres 16% UE 28 20% UE 28 Canada US Russie Australie 10% % Pakistan Canada US 8% Russie 8% Inde 13% Chine 17% Ukraine Kazakhstan Argentine Autres 3% 7% 13% En % des exportations En Mt Consumption : 703 Mt Import : 164 Mt Food Semences Industrie 81% Feed 19% Egypte Indonesie Algerie Brésil Iran UE 28 Turquie Japon Autres 5% 7% 65% En Mt En % des importations

7 Wheat : recent significative world yield grain Mostly from 1950 s ( Green Revolution ) Years World po. (billion inh.) 1,554 2,519 3,696 5,290 7,200 World acr. (million ha) < World prod. (million ton.) <100 (<10% tr.) (23% tr.) World av. yied (t/ha) 1,000 1,000 1,502 2,563 3,256

8 Wheat trends in acreage and yield 95% of world acreage within 18 production zones 8 T/ha 7 France average 6 Egypte UE 28 World : 220 Mha 5 Ouzbékistan Chine Argentine Brésil Maroc Ukraine Canada Pakistan Afrique Turquie Iran Australie US Russie Inde World : 3.1 t/ha 1 Kazakhstan ~ 160 MHa Mha Source : USDA, Agreste

9 2050 world wheat need Global wheat production must increase by 60% before 2050 to meet rising demand ; 40% trade, with half moving to Asia

10 We can realize this Wheat challenge! We can realize this Wheat challenge with innovation and through strong public private partnerships. We have to reach it! Challenges for offering a sufficient 2050 wheat supply Population growth and growing urbanization Climate changes (drought and heat), new pests and diseases Soil fertility descerase Water and nutrient scarcity Evolving economies Increasing and changing diets Complementary approaches/solutions to boost productivity More wheat investment in R&D Wheat genetic resource and technology innovation access for all, including white biotechs Mega-environment breeding, including more use of derived synthetics and hybrid systems Gene discovery acceleration for complex traits Raising yield potential (genetic modification of architectural and reproductive aspects of growth; photosynthetric efficiency, etc.) Sustainable crop management on large-scale farms and on smallholder farms; improving irrigation techniques Reduction of post-harvest wheat losses Enabling favourable policies for all farmers

11 The World Wheat Book Publication of the Third and final Volume of The World Wheat Book A history of Wheat Breeding

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