AGRA Support to Seed. Augustine Langyintuo. Presented at the FARNPAN Organized seed security Network. South Africa May 2010

Transcription

1 AGRA Support to Seed Security in Africa Augustine Langyintuo AGRA-Nairobi Presented at the FARNPAN Organized seed security Network. South Africa May 2010

2 Introduction Low crop productivity in Africa over the years Yield (MT T/ha) Region Southern Africa Eastern Africa Western Africa Eastern Asia Western Europe Australia

3 Challenge - climate change: - 0.4% p.a., frequent drought Percent change in agricultural production due to climate change (Cline 2007)

4 Challenge: Limited fertilizer use intensity 50 Total consumption 1.3 Mil tons Kg/ha kg/ha 5 0 Zimbabwe Kenya Malawi Swaziland Lesotho Benin Ethiopia Senegal Botswana Cote d' Ivoire Mali Zambia Togo Burkina Faso Cameroon Nigeria Gambia Tanzania Chad Mauritania Ghana Mozambique Madagascar Burundi Guinea Rwanda Niger Angola Uganda DRC

5 Challenge: Limited use of improved maize cultivars (2006) 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Use of improved maize cultivars Mali Ghana Nigeria Angola Mozambique Tanzania Ethiopia Malawi Uganda Kenya Zambia Zimbabwe

6

7 Seed production and deployment environment Seed value chain Establishing & running a seed company Seed production Seed Seed & processing marketing demand Policies & regulations

8 Reasons for low use of improved varieties Company establishment High start-up investment cost Lack of manpower and technical know-how Production Limited access to suitable germplasm Production infrastructure Limited it access to production credit Weak producer base

9 Marketing and distribution constraints Poor market infrastructure Limited retail networks Challenges related to use of intermediaries Seed policies Weak internal seed laws and regulations Import/export restrictions Lengthy variety release processes Restrictions on access to public germplasm Demand constraints - low adoption rates Poor extension coverage Poor output markets

10 AGRA s Technical interventions R&D Seed delivery Training Breeders M.Sc. & Ph.D. fellowships In-country research on relevant topics Breeding New Varieties Farmerparticipatory Regulatory > Release > Promotion Seed Enterprises Start-up grants Business Development Services Equity Funds The PASS Improved Seed Value Chain Agro-dealer Networks Business Training Credit guarantees Private extension

11 AGRA-Funded M.Sc. & Ph.D. Fellowship Programs, 2009 M.Sc. MS M.Sc. Ph.D. MS M.Sc. M.Sc. M.Sc. MSc M.Sc. M.Sc. M.Sc. M.Sc. Ph.D.

12 No. of MSc & Phds Enrolled & Graduated Cummulative No. of st tudents enro olled MScs Enrolled & on going PhDs Enrolled & on going MScs Graduated PhDs Graduated

13 AGRA-Funded Crop Breeding Initiatives, 2008 Maize Sorghum Rice Cassava Cowpea Beans Soybean Sweet Potato t Wheat

14 Groundnut Millet 4% 4% Breedinggrantsbycrop grants Wheat Soybean 2% 2% Cowpea 6% Maize 27% Cassava 8% Sorghum 10% Rice 15% Sweet potato 10% Beans 12%

15 Varieties Released and Commercialized, Varieties released Varieties commercialized

16 Varieties released by crop Soybean, 1 Chickpea, 2 Groundnuts, 4 Pigeonpea, 2 Maize, 36 Cassava, 27 Sorgum, 8 Rice, 6 Beans, 23

17 Tanzania Ethiopia Mali Tanzania AGRA-Funded Seed Supply Initiatives, 2009

18 No. of Seed Enterprises Supported (43) (12) 3 9 (27) Private Seed Co. Public Agency Farmer Assoc.

19 Seed Production by Crop Species (Eastern and Southern Africa) Wheat 5% Soy-bean 4% Sunflower Lablab 5% 1% Teff Beans 8% Cassava 8% Rice 1% Pigeon-pea 2% Sorghum 5% Groundnut 5% Cowpea 3% Maize 53%

20 Qu uantity of seed (M MT) Tho ousands Seed production by AGRA-supported Enterprises 20.0 (Projected) Baseline

21 Mali Ghana Nigeria Uganda Kenya Rwanda Tanzania AGRA-Funded Agro-Dealer Development Initiatives, 2009 Malawi Zambia Mozam.

22 Agro-dealers that have received technical and business management training under AGRA's programs umber 800 N Kenya Malawi Tanzania Mali Nigeria Ghana Business Technical

23 Agro-dealers Trained in Business Management Baseline

24 Seed & Fertilizer Sales by Agro-Dealers MT Oct Qty seed sales Qty fertilizer sales

25 Other Technical Initiatives Assembled a team of experts seconded to seed companies for a full season Seed Enterprise Management Institute in collaboration with the Seed Center at Iowa State t University, it CIMMYT & Nairobi Univ. Establishment of an investment fund as a Loan Facility (ASIF & WAAIF) for grantees & non grantees

26 Policy interventions Supporting the strengthening of internal seed laws and regulations Advocating for minimal delays in the release of new varieties Advocating for the easy access to public germplasm Supporting the implementation of regionally harmonized seed laws and regulations Working to eliminate trade restrictions

27 Technical Challenges Low production capacity/insufficient: BS,FS, CS Out-growers incompetence Drought constraint Storage facilities Limited working capital Weak regulatory agencies Monopoly on public varieties Poor marketing infrastructure Poor business management skills Lengthy variety release

28 How harmonization of seed policies and legislation l will enhance AGRA s work Greater liberalization of (foundation and certified) seed production and marketing Increased competition ensuring better prices Squeezing out fake seed dealers through h cross-border movement of seeds Enforcing regulatory measures Promoting increased crop productivity it and a potential for an African Green Revolution

29 Thank you