Department of Agriculture Entomology Brsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi

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1 Technology Developed Department of Agriculture Entomology Brsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi 1. Development of IPM modules in rice crop Gallmidge resistant varieties viz., Lalat, RD-202, BG-380-2, IR-36, Abhay were used. In general Carbofuran 3 G or cartap hydrochloride 5 gram/ sqm were used in the nursery 5 days before transplanting the rice. Phorate kg/ha or cartap hydrochloride 25 kg/ha were broadcasted in the field 20 days after transplanting the rice seedlings followed by need based foliar application of Monocrotophos 36 WSC(1.5 litre/ha) at 40 days after transplanting (DAT) alternated with Chlorpyriphos litre /ha at 60 DAT. 2. Development of IPM modules In Maize Seeds are treated with 8ml per Kg of seed for half hours in shade before sowing. Trichogramma are used against the maize stem bores is a cost-effective method against this dreaded pest. Trichocards containg the parasitized eggs of Trichogramma chilonis are stapled undersurface of 8 cards per hectare at twice (12 and 22days after germination of seeds). 3. Development of IPM modules In Urdbean and Mungbean The developed IPM modules comprises: Seed treatment with imidacloprid ST600 FS 5ml/kg seed + carbendazim 2gm/kg seed fallowed by rhizobium inoculation; Intercrop (4:2) with ragi; mechanical measures i.e. removal of virus infested plants and picking of pod borer, hairy caterpillar and their destruction; Biorational NSKE 5% spray at 30DAS and need based application of insecticide triazophos 0.04%. The application of NSKE 5% is eco-friendly. 4. Holistic IPM packages for chickpea under midland irrigated agro-ecological situation IPM packages adopting various technologies (seed treatment, line sowing, balance used of fertilizers, Spray of NPV Ha, Biorational NSKE 5%, installation of pheromones traps, installation of bird perches and need based application of insecticide)in a sequential manner and evaluated in farmers field under rice- chickpea cropping system. 5. Development of low cost management of shootfy infesting little millet. Seed treatment with insecticide is a cost-effective method against this dreaded pest. Seeds are soaked in Imidacloprid solution@ 0.3ml per litre of water for six hours in shade before sowing. One liter of solution is required for 1 kg of seed. Seeds are then sown in furrows in line and covered with soil.

2 Recommendations for the management of insect pests of different crops Management of Insect Pests of Rice Seedling root dip of rice in chlorpyriphos solution (0.02%) was found to be highly effective against gall midge and yellow stem borer. Application of granular insecticides like carbofuran 30 kg/ha or phorate 10 kg/ha or Chlorpyriphos 10 kg/ha or cartap hydrochloride 4 25 kg/ha applied at 15 to 20 days after transplanting followed by need based foliar spraying of chlorpyriphos lit/ha alternately, followed by monocrotophos ml/ha was found to be highly effective against gsall midge, stem borer, hispa, green leaf hopper and caseworm. Foliar application of combination product like flubendamide 36% + fipronil 30% (66 50 g/ha was found effective against gall midge, yellow stem borer, green leaf hopper, leaf folder and hispa. Similar result was also obtained with the application of imidacloprid 40% + Ethiprole 40% ( g/ha or bifenthrin ml/ha or monocrotophos ml/ha. Foliar spraying of the combination product, RIL-049 F1 (buprofezin 20% + acephate 1.0 lit/ha was found to be highly effective against gall midge, stem borer, leaf folder, hispa and ear bug. A combination product of Super-D 55 or Nurell- D 55(chlorpyriphos 50% + cypermethrin 1500 ml/ha was found to be the most effective against all the major insect pests of rice. Cartap hydrochloride 1300 g/ha was proved to be the most effective against gall midge, yellow stem borer, and gundhibug infesting rice. Management of swarming caterpillar (Spodoptera mauritia) (Boisd): The combination product like Super D 55 or Nurell- D55 (chlorpyriphos 50% + cypermethrin L/ha was proved to be the most effective aginst swarming caterpillar.

3 Management of Insect Pests of Pulses Crop 1. Mungbean and Urdbean : For the management of insect pest of urdbean and mungbean following practices in sequential manner should be adopted (a) Seed treatment with imidacloprid 3 ml/kg seed + carbosulfan 3 ml/kg seed + tricoderma 4 gm/kg seed should be adopted for the management of sucking insect pests and diseases in mungbean and urdbean. (b) Mungbean / urdbean should be grown in intercropping system with ragi (4:2) to reduce the damage from insects. (c) Larval stage of pod borer, hairy caterpillar as well as foliage feeders should be collected and destroyed.. pests. (d Neem seed kernal extract 5% should be sprayed at 30 days after sowing against insect (e) Need based application of triazophos 0.04% should be done against the pests.. 2. Summer mungbean : For the control of thrips in summer mungbean, soil application of phorate 10 1 kg ai / ha in furrows at the time of sowing followed by foliar spraying of profenphos (1.5 ml/ L. water at 40 days after sowing) hould be adopted. 3. The seed treatment either with Pseudomonas florescence or Beauveria 10 gm / kg seed followed by foliar application of profenphos (1.5 ml / L. water) against urdbean pest should be adopted. 4. Pegeonpea (Pod borer complex ) : For the control of pod borer complex, foliar application of indoxacarb (0.5 ml / L. water) at 50% flowering and second spray of monocrotophos (1 ml / L. water) after 15 days inteval should be adopted. 5. Gram pod borer (Gram) : NSKE 5% or Neem based insecticide (Achook, Newarin or 5 ml/l. water) should be sprayed at 50% flowering followed by need based spraying of indoxacarb (0.5 ml / L. water) or profenophos (1.5 ml/l. water) at 15 days interval in pulse crops. Management of Maize Stem Borer (Chilo partellus) 1. Dead hearts should be pulled out and used as fodder (or) burried in the soil. 2. The stubbles should be ploughed during winter and burnt to destroy the hibernating larvae. 3. Resistant varieties (Bio 9681)against maize stem borer should be encouraged. 4. Seed Treatment- Seed treatment with chlorpyriphos 8ml / kg seed is found to be effective.

4 germination. 5. Carbofuran 3G should be applied (10-12 granules) in the whorls at days after 6. Monocrotophos 36 WSC should be applied (1.5 ml/ L. water) against stemborer in severe condition. 7. Trichogramma 8 cards should be released in the field at 12 th and 22 nd days after germination. 8. Neem based insecticides like Achook or Nemarin or Nembecidine (5 ml/ L. water) should be applied against cob borer. Rapeseed And Mustard Aphid : NSKE 5% or Neem based insecticides (5 ml/ litre water) or quinalphos (1.5 ml/l. water) should be sprayed against aphids. Mustard sawfly : Dusting of quinalphos dust (1.5%) or methyl parathion dust 10 kg/ acre should be applied in the morning or evening hours against mustard sawfly Management of Insect Pests of Groundnut Bihar hairy caterpillar 1. Pre-monsoon deep ploughing (two/three times) will expose the hibernating pupae to sunlight and predatory birds. 2. Seed should be treated with chlorpyriphos 20 EC (12 ml / kg seed) to protect from termite damaged. 3. Mass collection and destruction of eggs masss as well as larvae of the insects. 4. Spraying of quinalphos 25 EC (1.5 ml/l. water), or Indoxacarb 15.8 EC (0.5 ml/l. water) or Dichlorovos 76 EC (1 ml/l. water) was found effective against caterpillars. Tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura) 1. Installation of bird perched (20/ acre). 2. Collection and destruction of egg masses as well as larvae of the insect. 3. Application of 250 LE (6X 10^9/LE)/ha should be encouragedwhen large number of egg masses and early instars larvae are noticed. 4. Lambdacyhalothrin (0.5 ml/ L. Water) should be applied when the insect population crosses the ETL (2 larvae/plant). Management of Small Millets 1. Seed soaking of little millet and prosomillet with 0.3 ml /L. water / kg of seed proved effective against shootfly incidence. Seed should be soaked in the solution for six hours and then to be dried in shade before sowing.

5 OR Application of granular insecticide like 1 kg a.i/ha in seed furrow at the time of sowing of little millet and proso millet minimizes the incidence of shootfly. 2. Weeds and grasses on the bunds should be removed as these act as alternate host of may insects including shootfly. 3. Finger millet crop when grown in association of niger (5:2) reduces the incidence of several insect pest. Management of Insect Pests of Cole Crops Deep summer ploughing to reduce the incidence of termites, cutworm, diapausing stage of the insects. Use of nylon net (40 mesh) to protect the seedlings from whitefly. Application of 1.5 g/l water if DBM population is 5 larvae / leaf. Planting Indian mustard as a trap crop after every 25 rows of cabbage. Installation of bird perches to reduce the larval stage of insect. Spraying of Bt. at 10 DAP. Spraying the trap crop with dichlorvos (1 ml / L water) or 1.5 ml /L water. Installation of light trap 3 / acre for DBM adults. Three sprayings of NSKE (5%) at DAT followed by 10days interval to manage from leaf hopper and aphids. Application of dimethoate or methyl 1.5 ml / L water against aphids. Spreading of poison bait (10 kg rice bran + 1 kg Jaggery litre chlorpyriphos) against the larvae of tobacco caterpillar.

6 MANAGEMENT OF INSECT PESTS OF TOMATO Deep summer ploughing. Using nylon net (40 mesh) to protect from whitefly during nursery. Spraying dimethoate (1.5 ml / L water) against leaf miner. Raising marigold nursery 20 days before tomato nursery. Transplanting 45 days old seedlings of marigold (one row) with every 16 rows of tomato. Installation of pheromone 5 / acre to attract male moths of fruit borer. Spraying of HaNPV / Spodoptera 250 LE /ha + 2 % Jaggery at 28 DAP and two more sprayings at weekly interval against fruit borer / tobacco caterpillar. Releasing of Trichogramma chilonis at weekly 1 lakh /ha. Spraying of NPV on marigold to kill the fruit borer. Management of Insect Pests of Okra Deep summer ploughing. Seed treatment with imidacloprid (5 ml / kg seed). Sowing of sorghum or maize all around okra field to reduce the incidence of whitefly. Spraying NSKE 5% against pests during vegetative phase. Spraying imidacloprid (1 ml / L water) against leaf hopper, whitefly. Setting of yellow sticky traps / delta traps for whitefly. Collection and destruction of affected shoots and fruits. Installation of pheromone traps. Releasing Trichogramma 1 lakh / ha. Need based spraying of fenvalerate (0.05%) or quinalphos (0.05%) or endosulfan (0.07%) or NSKE 5% against shoot and fruit borer. Management of Insect Pests of Brinjal Deep summer ploughing. Application of neem cake / karanj cake in the 250 Kg / ha. Using nylon net (40 mesh) to protect from sucking pests during nursery. Collection and destruction of rolled leaves. Installation of yellow sticky / delta traps to attract white flies, hoppers.

7 Spraying of NSKE 5% at weekly interval during vegetative stage. Need based spraying of imidacloprid (8 ml/10 L. water) against leaf hopper, white flies. Installation of pheromone 12 / ha. Collection and destruction of damaged shoots and fruits from time to time. Release of Trichogramma chilonis. Need based spraying of lambda cyhalothrin (0.5 ml/l. water) Management of Insect Pests of Legume Vegetable Spraying of NSKE 5% should be adopted. Need based spraying of lambda cyhalothrin (0.5 ml / l. water). Management of Insect Pests of Cucurbitaceous Vegetable Spraying of NSKE 5% should be adopted. Spraying of carbaryl (0.2%) or quinalphos / chlorpyriphos (0.05%) against red pumpking beetle. Application of neem cake against soil pests should be adopted. Management of Fruit Fly Deep summer ploughing. Row of maize plant at a distance of 8-10 meter should be grown in the field of cucurbitaceous plant for sheltering fruitfly adult in the night which can be destroyed by spraying of insecticides. Soil application of neem 50 g / plant at flowering stage is found effective. Using bait : 10 ml chlorpyriphos 20 EC gm gur in one litre of water and kept in flat container. Application of bait spray containing 10 ml chlorpyriphos 20 EC + 100g gur / molasses + 10 litre water. Repeat spraying at weekly interval in severe infestation. 1. Calendar of IPM activities in Mango orchard for the management of insect pests. September October : Pruning of over crowded and overlapping branches. Pruning of infected and dried branches, 10 cm below the dried portion and pasting or copper oxychloride (3 g/l. water) should be sprayed.. 2, ppm can be sprayed once in October if some galls are formed which loose the galls.

8 November December : Deep ploughing of orchards for exposing eggs of mealy bug and soil insects. Fastening of alkathene sheets of 400 guage thickness, 25 cm wide around the base of tree to protect from mealy bugs. January : Raking the soil around the tree trunk and mixing neem cake. Cleaning the alkathene bands at regular interval. Spraying of 0.05% at bud burst stage against inflorescence midge. February March May June July August : Spraying with NSKE 5% or quinalphos (1.5 ml/l. water) or imidacloprid (8 ml/10 L. water) bud burst stage against hoppers. : Spraying of quinalphos (1.5 ml/l. water). : Hanging of methyl eugenol traps (0.1%) + malathion (0.1%) against fruitfly. Continuation of methyl eugenol traps (0.1%) + malathion (0.1%). Collection and destruction of infested fruits. : Spraying of methyl demeton or monocrotophos (1.5 ml/l. water) against scale insect. : Spraying of quinalphos (1.5 ml / L. water) should be effective aginst shoot gall psylla. 2. Management of pomegranate butterfly Collection and destruction of damaged fruits. Spraying with Decamethrin (0.0028%) at the time when more than 50% of fruits have set. Repeat after two weeks with carbaryl (0.2%) or fenvalerate (0.005%). In non rainy season, quinalphos (1.5 ml / L. water) is also found to be effective. 3. Management of stem boring beetle (Pomegranate) After cleaning the excreta from holes, 5-10 ml chlorpyriphos injected by disposable syringe and seal the hole with clay.

9 4. Management of insect pests of citrus Close planting and water logging condition should be avoided to protect the plant from blackfly attack. Spraying of methyl demeton (1.5 ml / L. water)against sucking pests was found effective. Need based spraying of carbaryl (0.2%) or quinalphos (0.05%) on new flush. 5. Management of bark eating caterpillar in guava The caterpillars should be killed mechanically by inserting an iron spike into the holes made by these caterpillars. In case of severe infestation, clean the affected portion of the trunk or main stem and swab of cotton wool soaked in dichlorvos 0.25% should be inserted into the holes. 6. Management of rhizome weevil (Banana) Wash the suckers and dip in a solution of chlorpyriphos 0.05% before planting. In case of post planting infestation, spraying pseudostem and drench around the base of the tree with chlorpyriphos 0.05% and repeat after a week spray. 7. Management of stem borer (Guava) Uproot and burn the infested plants. Chlorpyriphos 0.05% should be sprayed two to three times at three weeks interval. If infestation is low, inject dichlorvos( 0.25%) into the bored holes. 8. Management of insect pests of litchi Spraying of monocrotophos or Methyl demeton (1.5 ml/ L. water) against litchi bug and mites. Application of dicofol (2.5 ml / litre water) against mite. Two spraying of Nimbecidine (5 ml / litre water ) should be done at an interval of 7 days before the development of reddish colour in the fruits for the management of fruit and seed borer.