INSECT MANAGEMENT. Scott Stewart WTREC, Jackson, TN University of Tennessee Extension. Corn Seed Treatments (company offerings)

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1 INSECT MANAGEMENT Scott Stewart WTREC, Jackson, TN University of Tennessee Extension Corn Seed Treatments (company offerings) DeKalb (Monsanto) Pioneer Syngenta Acceleron Acceleron + Poncho/VOTiVO PPST 250 PPST Poncho/VOTiVO CruiserMaxx Corn Avicta Complete Corn Clothianidin* (250 Rate) Clothianidin (500 or 1250 Rate) Thiamethoxam* (250) Trifloxystrobin* Trifloxystrobin* Azoxystrobin* Thiamethoxam (250) Clothianidin (1250) Thiamethoxam* (250 Rate) Azoxystrobin* Thiamethoxam (500 Rate) Azoxystrobin Metalaxyl* Metalaxyl* Fludioxonil* Azoxystrobin Fludioxonil* Fludioxonil Ipconazole* Ipconazole* Mefenoxam* Fludioxonil Mefenoxam* Mefenoxam Bacillus firmus (VOTiVO) Thiabendazole* Mefenoxam Thiabendazole* Thiabendazole Cruiser / Avicta Poncho / Acceleron Thiabendazole Bacillus firmus (VOTiVO) Abamectin INSECT DISEASE NEMATODE * Base treatments if premium seed treatments are not requested 1

2 Trade Names Billbugs Relative Efficacy of Corn IST White grubs Seedcorn maggot Wireworms Cutworms Sugarcane beetle Stink bugs Chinch bugs Southern corn rootworm Poncho 250, Acceleron P, NL F G E P - F F + F G E Poncho 500, Acceleron with Poncho Votivo Poncho 1250, Acceleron Cruiser Extreme 250 Cruiser Extreme 500, Avicta Complete Cruiser Extreme 1250 Gaucho 600, Imida E-AG 5 FST, Senator Kernel Guard Supreme, KickStart VP F G G E P - F G F -G G -E E G E E E F - G G G E E P, NL F G E P P P F G - E, NL P, NL G G E P F F F E G E E E F F G G E P, NL G G E P, NL P, NL P, NL F G, NL P, NL F, NL P? F P, NL P, NL P, NL P, NL P?, NL P = poor F = fair G = good E = excellent NL = not labeled Sugarcane Beetles 2

3 Managing Soil Insects Be proactive in high risk fields New fields Problem fields Cruiser or Poncho 250 not always enough 500 rates or higher In furrow bifenthrin (Capture LFR, Brigade, etc.) Will also provide protection from cutworms In furrow granular insecticides* * Be careful of insecticide/herbicide interactions Corn Borers The primary target of Bt corn Southwestern corn borer European corn borer SWCB The second generations are typically the most destructive Because it is larger and affects more acres ECB 3

4 Treating non Bt corn in the presence of high corn borer populations (Henry Co., TN) Yield (B/A) in 2010 Yield (B/A) in SWCB Moth Trapping Triggers scouting or spray 4

5 SWCB Pheromone Trapping Moths/Trap/Week (Henry Co, TN, 2012) Henry (Puryear) Henry (Mansfield) Scout / Spray Spray Action Thresholds 0 No 6-May 16-May 26-May 5-Jun 15-Jun 25-Jun 5-Jul 15-Jul New Southwestern Corn Borer Threshold (Non-Bt Corn) Treat prior to tasseling when 5 percent or more of plants are found with egg masses or live larvae or 7-10 days after pheromone traps catch an average of 50 or more moths on a 7 day catch Beginning at tasseling (VT) and through the milk stage (R3), treat when 10 percent or more of plants are found with egg masses or live larvae or 7-10 days after pheromone traps catch an average of 100 or more moths on a 7 day catch 5

6 Insecticide Selection First Generation (whorl) Pyrethroid insecticides Baythroid XL Brigade (bifenthrin) Karate or Warrior II Mustang Max Etc. Second Generation (tassel) Intrepid Belt SC Besiege Prevathon Tracer Pyrehtroids Direct spray into whorls as much as possible Typically requires aerial application Insecticide Performance Charts (PB 1768, 2014 Insect Control Recommendations for Field Crops) Cotton, Soybean, Corn, Sorghum, Wheat Field Corn Insecticide Performance Ratings Insecticide REI (hours) Restricted Use (R) Chinch Bug Corn earworm, Fall army. Cutworm European Corn Borer Flea Beetle Grasshopper Southwestern Corn Borer Green Stink Bug Brown Stink Bug Ambush / Pounce 12 X Asana XL 12 X Baythroid XL 12 X Belt ? Besiege 24 X 7? 9 8? Brigade 12 X Cobalt 24 X Declare 24 X Hero 12 X Intrepid ? Karate 24 X Lannate 48 X Lorsban 24 X Malathion Mustang Max 12 X Prevathon ? Sevin 12 X Tracer Rating Scale: 0 = no control, 10 = excellent. 6

7 The Many Bt Corn Technologies Bt corn is the primary means used to control corn borers Many available Bt trait packages (old and new) May or may not include Bt traits for western or northern corn rootworm Relative Efficacy of Selected Bt Corn Traits (see handout for more inclusive list & refuge requirements) Trademarked Brands Corn borers Cutworm Corn earworm Fall armyworm WCRW YieldGard CB Excellent Poor Fair Fair None Herculex Excellent Good Poor Good None Herculex XTRA Excellent Good Poor Good Excellent Agrisure CB/LL Excellent Poor Fair Fair None Genuity VT Double Pro (VT2P) Excellent Poor Good Very Good None Genuity VT Triple Pro (VT3P) Excellent Poor Good Very Good Excellent Genuity or Dow AgroSciences SmartStax (GENSS or SSX) Excellent Good Good Very Good Excellent Agrisure Viptera 3110 Excellent Good Excellent Excellent None Agrisure Viptera 3111 Excellent Good Excellent Excellent Good Optimum Intrasect Excellent Good Fair Very Good None Optimum AcreMax Extra Excellent Good Fair Very Good Excellent 7

8 Corn Earworm The most common ear feeding caterpillar SmartStax Test Non Bt VT3 8

9 SmartStax Test Non Bt VT3P or SS (40%) Approximate Reduction in Kernel Damage Compared with Non-Bt Corn (Summarized Across Multiple University Trials, Corn Earworm) Bt Traits Range of Reduction (%) Average Reduction (%) Herculex and HXX < YieldGard, VT3, Optimum VT2Pro, VT3P, SmartStax Agrisure Viptera,

10 Reality Check Viptera... outperforms triple stacks by 14.3 bu/a under significant corn earworm pressure and up to 32 bu/a under heavy pressure Yield of Top Ten Hybrids (Bu/Acre) 2012 Tennessee Research & Education Center Tests (Allen, et al.) Yield Early Maturity Medium Maturity Full Maturity 1 CB / RW HX / RW VT3P 2 CB / RW VT3P CB 3 VT3 VT3 HX 4 CB VT3P HX 5 VT2P VT3P VT3P 6 VT3P CB / RW VT3P 7 VIP CB Non- BT 8 VT3P CB CB / RW 9 VT3P VT3P VT3P 10 HX VT3P Non-Bt 10

11 Non-Bt Corn Refuge Requirements Cotton Counties 50% for the old technologies 20% for the new VT2P, VT3P, SmartStax, Viptera, Optimum Intrasect, Optimum AcreMax Corn Counties 20% for the old technologies 20, 10 or 5 % for the new Refuge in bag (RIB) system for some Products with Bt rootworm traits require an in-field refuge Take Home About New Bt Corns University data indicates that the new Bt corn traits will not improve yields in most cases compared with the original Bt technologies Benefit of reduced refuge requirement Improved IRM Some potential for improved grain quality and reduced mycotoxins but not close to a silver bullet 11

12 Soybean IPM Seed treatments New pests Block and tackle Pest ID Scouting Treatment thresholds Online Resources Virtual Soybean Scout School Soybean is not an insecticide intensive crop Soybean Seed Treatment Choices Company Offerings (Active Ingredients) Asgrow (Monsanto) Pioneer* Syngenta Valent Acceleron F Acceleron FI Acceleron FPV FST Allegianc e FST EverGol Energy IST IST/NST ApronMaxx CruiserMaxx Advanced/ CruiserMaxx Plus Avicta Complete Beans INOVATE Seed Protectant Metalaxyl Metalaxyl Metalaxyl Metalaxyl Metalaxyl Imidacloprid Clothianidin Fludioxonil Fludioxonil Fludioxonil Ipconazole Pyraclostrobin Pyraclostrobin Pyraclostrobin Prothioconazole Bacillus firmus (VOTiVO) Mefenoxam Mefenoxam Mefenoxam Metalaxyl Fluxapyroxad Fluxapyroxad Fluxapyroxad Penflufen Thiamethoxam Thiamethoxam Clothianidin Imidacloprid Clothianidin Abamectin Bacillus firmus (VOTiVO) Cruiser / Avicta Gaucho / Acceleron FI NipsIt / Inovate INSECT DISEASE NEMATODE * PPST 2030 (Growth Promoter) and PPST 120+ (Rhizobia) may be added to Pioneer Seed Note: Base seed treatments or bare seed may be ordered from each respective company and treated at your local retailer with the product of your choice. 12

13 Regional Evaluation of Seed Treatments Milan, 2013 Thrips Injury (0-5) 13 DAP Yield (B/A) AG4605 planted 5/ aabbc bdd 60 Untrt Consider Trilex using 50 insecticide seed Trilex treatments P/V 40 on some Cruiser Maxx of your acres 30 but don t Cruiser Avicta expect dramatic Inovate 20 yield responses Acceleron FI Accel. FI P/V 0 P < P = Untrt Trilex Trilex P/V Cruiser Maxx Cruiser Avicta Inovate Acceleron FI Accel. FI P/V Kudzu Bug Major threat to soybean Home invader 13

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15 Kudzu Bug Treatment Threshold Treat between emergence and R1 when there are 5 or more bugs per plant Probably a rare event; may only require edge treatments Treat between R1 and R7 when 1 immature bug is present per sweep (25 immatures per 25 sweeps) Don t jump the gun Brigade (bifenthrin), Karate, Declare, Orthene, Stink Bugs #1 in Soybean Brown marmorated, green and brown Threshold is 9/25 sweeps from R1 R6 18/25 sweeps from R6 R6.5 Insecticide options Bifenthrin (Brigade, Tundra, Fanfare, Sniper, etc.) Other pyrethroid insecticides Acephate/Orthene ( lb ai/acre) You need a sweep net! 15

16 Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Distribution 2008 Confirmed 2009 Confirmed 2010 Confirmed 2011 Confirmed 2012 Confirmed 2013 Confirmed 2014 Confirmed Kudzu Bugs and BMSB Main Factor Insect Effects, Cumulative Counts (avg./rep) 10 Kudzu Bugs Stinkers 5 0 Brigade (6 oz) Untreated 16

17 Threshold Verification Trial, 2010 R5, Stink Bugs = 2.5 Threshold to 6 Bushel Increase ab a b Dimilin (R1) + Baythroid (R5) 20 Baythroid (R5) Untreated 0 Stink Bugs/50 Swp Yield (B/A) Verification Trial, 2013 Stink Bug Threshold Increases from R6 R7 35 Stink Bugs / 25 Sweeps 70 Yield (B/A) R6 + 7 Days R Days (R7) 0 Yield Brigade (5 oz) Untreated Brigade (5 oz) Untreated 17

18 Other Common Soybean Pests Pod feeding caterpillars (i.e., corn earworm) Late season defoliating caterpillars Green cloverworm and loopers Treatment based on defoliation levels and/or number of larvae in sweep net sample (20% between R1 R6) Insecticide options depend upon the pest 18

19 Insecticide Seed Treatments Wheat Gaucho 600 Imidacloprid oz/cwt Cruiser 5 FS Thiamethoxam oz/cwt NipsIt Inside (5F) Clothianidin oz/cwt A. Catchot Typical rates are oz/cwt Use highest rates for Hessian fly control Yield Response of Wheat to Late Winter Foliar Insecticide Planting Dates NipsIt treated Cruiser treated (Weakley Co.), P < 0.05 P < 0.05 Mississippi (Catchot) Gaucho treated, P = 0.07 P < 0.05 P = P < 0.05 Avg. = 6.2 B/A Bushels per Acre 19

20 Control with Foliar Insecticides Tennessee, 2012 Aphids per 3 Row Ft a 15.8 Untreated Karate 1.5 oz Applied Feb. 9, Rated 18 DAT > 95% Bird cherry-oat aphids b b b b M. Max 3 oz Dimeth. 4E 10 oz P < 0.05 Lannate LV 16 oz Questions 20