Evaluation of ESN Fertilizer in Southcentral Montana

Transcription

1 Evaluation of ESN Fertilizer in Southcentral Montana Results Kent A McVay Southern Agricultural Research Center Montana State University

2 Why Enhance N Fertilizers? Worldwide fertilizer N use efficiency = 33% (Raun and Johnson 1999) For urea numerous loss pathways exist: Ammonia volatilization Denitrification Leaching Runoff

3 Enhanced Nitrogen Products Inhibitors DCD n-bpt Slow Release Sulfur coated urea Controlled Release Polymer coated urea

4 *Adapted from the International Plant Nutrition Institute (2013)

5 Three factors come together for irrigated production in SC Montana 1. Tillage and bed formation usually occurs in the fall

6 2. Irrigation is from surface water, not wells

7 3. Our nitrogen source is Urea Why Does Industry like Urea? Safer to ship and handle Less corrosive to equipment Higher analysis than any other dry product Can be used virtually on any crop Easily stored Easily spread Highly water soluble

8 ESN from Agrium

9 Mechanism of Enhanced N for ESN H 2 O (moisture) Urea CO(NH 2 ) 2. H 2 O (temperature) Water diffuses in Urea diffuses out

10 Yield What should be the impact on yield? Baseline Enhanced N application Stats: Need to see a significant interaction between the product and application rate.

11 What Is The Right Mix? ESN urea Untreated Urea

12 Sugar Beet Study Materials and Methods Fall soil test showed 80 lb/acre nitrate in 4 profile Urea was mixed with ESN Total N Rates of 0, 25, 75, 125, and 175 lbs N/acre In Ratios of 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% ESN with balance UREA Applied December 6, 2012 and incorporated with Triple-K Sugar beets were planted on April 30, rows for 42,200 plants/acre Irrigation by furrow as needed Harvest Sep16, 2013

13

14

15

16

17

18

19 Analysis of Variance Summary Sugar Beet Response, Huntley MT 2013 Root Yield Recoverable Sucrose SLM % Sucrose Rep * * NS * Nitrogen (N) Rate ** ** NS NS Urea/ESN mix NS NS NS NS N x mix NS NS * NS Significance levels are indicated as *5%, and **1% using F statistic. NS is non-significant

20 Main Effects on Sugar Beets, Huntley 2013 Main Variable Root Yield Recoverable SLM Sucrose Nitrogen Rate Tons/acre Tons/acre % LSD (.05) NS LSD values in each column are used to compare treatment means within the main variable using Fisher s protected LSD. Check values (0 N rate) are shown for comparison only and are not part of this ANOVA test. A separate test (data not shown) was used to verify the significant response to N for root yield, recoverable sucrose, and SLM.

21 Main Effects on Sugar Beets, Huntley 2013 Main Variable Root Yield Recoverable SLM Sucrose Urea/ESN mix 0/ / / / / / LSD (.05) NS NS NS LSD values in each column are used to compare treatment means within the main variable using Fisher s protected LSD. Check values (0 N rate) are shown for comparison only and are not part of this ANOVA test. A separate test (data not shown) was used to verify the significant response to N for root yield, recoverable sucrose, and SLM.

22 ANOVA Summary Sugar Beet Huntley MT 2012 Sugar Beets Root Sucrose % SLM % Yield Yield Sucrose Rep NS NS ** NS Check vs Applied N * NS NS NS Nitrogen (N) Rate * NS ** NS Urea/ESN mix * NS NS NS N x mix NS NS NS NS NS, Not significant; * significant at 0.05 probability; ** significant at 0.01 probability

23 Root Yield (tons / Acre) Sugar Beet Response to N Rate, Huntley (128 lbs/acre nitrate residual) N-Fertilizer (lbs/acre)

24 Root Yield (tons / acre) Sugar Beet Response to N Mix, Huntley A PLSD = 4.3 tons/acre 36 AB BC BC ABC 30 C 28 0/100 20/80 40/60 60/40 80/20 100/0 Urea/ESN Application Ratio Different letters indicate significant difference using Fisher s LSD (.05)

25 Sucrose (tons/acre) Sucrose Yield Over 2 Years, Huntley, MT average /100 20/80 40/60 60/40 80/20 100/0 Urea:ESN Mix Top yield group using Fisher s LSD (.05)

26 Significance of Nitrogen Rate, Mix and Interactions Across Crops Huntley, MT Sugar Beet Corn Spring Wheat N Rate (R) * ** ** ** ** ** N Mix (M) * NS NS NS NS NS R x M NS NS NS NS NS * Results for sugar beet root yield, corn and spring wheat grain yield. Significance levels are indicated as *5%, and **1% using F statistic. NS is non-significant

27 Grain Yield (bu/acre) Interaction of N Source x Rate Spring Wheat, Huntley, Urea:ESN Mix by N Rate Fertilizer N (lbs/acre) 0/100 33/67 67/33 100/0

28 Summary All three crops showed minimal yield impact to inclusion of ESN ESN is a product designed to reduce N loss For best chance of response use ESN where: Leaching loss potential is high: sandy soils Denitrification loss postential is high: heavier soils where soils can become saturated for extended periods of time ESN might reduce volatilization loss of surface broadcast N. Further research is needed No further investigation of ESN is warranted

29 Thanks Contact info: Kent A McVay Extension Cropping Systems Specialist Southern Agricultural Research Center 748 Railroad Hwy Huntley, MT