Beef economics = Heifer management
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1 Beef economics = Heifer management Col Scrivener BVSc Fred Morley Unit Charles Sturt University Fred Morley Unit
2 Cattle breeding? Beef production? Production Genetics Management Fred Morley Unit
3 Production -Genetics -Management What shall we do, what shall we do!. Escaping goblins to be caught by wolves J.R.R.Tolkien, The Hobbit.
4 Relative influence on $ income Stocking rate 8 Fertility 4 Growth rate 2 Carcass 1 Fred Morley Unit
5 Relative influence on $ income Stocking rate 8 Fertility 4 Growth rate 2 Carcass 1
6 Shire: Pasture Growth Rates CSIRO Pastures from Space
7 Benchmarking: Predictions v actuals
8 The loner Targeted set-stocking Timed grazing 4 paddock rotation (lucerne) Different grazing systems 8
9 Beef Production per Hectare Beef production (liveweight kg/ha) Stocking Rate (Cows/ha) Spring Autumn Diana Perry 2006
10 250 Spring Vs Autumn Calving Gross Margin ($/ha) Gross Margin ($/ha) Stocking Rate (cows/ha) Spring Autumn Diana Perry 2006
11 The relationship between productivity and stocking rate Good feed Poor feed Fred Morley Unit
12 Relative influence on $ income Stocking rate 8 Fertility 4 Growth rate 2 Carcass 1 Fred Morley Unit
13 Royal Melbourne Show 1993
14 Managing groups meat quality during backgrounding: yield & tender during finishing: small gains poor doers less palatable than faster growing animals
15 Relative influence on $ income Stocking rate 8 Fertility 4 Growth rate 2 Carcass 1
16 When you come to a fork in the roadtake it! Yogi Berra (cited by, Goglany, IM, 2001)
17 Beef cattle production & profits Genetics Reproduction Stocking rate 8 Fertility 4 Growth rate 2 Carcass 1 take it!
18 Fertility: Better defined as: Heifer management Drives beef production Fred Morley Unit
19 Stocking rate Pregnancy rate 110 Pregnancy rate (%) Stocking rate (cows / ha) AH HH FH Is this a problem?? 19
20 Fattening Puberty -CMWt Growth Development Fred Morley Unit
21 Heifer retention: 70% Too high?? Why? How? Critical Mating Weight (CMWt) Join at 14 mthsto calve at 2 yo Fred Morley Unit
22 Wean BWT CMWt 300 kg
23 Wean BWT CMWt kg
24 Wean BWT Required LWT gain CMWt kg
25 Wean BWT Required LWT gain 210 Days to join Kg/d CMWt Supplement 300 kg Fred Morley Unit
26 Wean BWT Required LWT gain 210 Days to join Kg/day CMWt kg The fork in the road: to market Fred Morley Unit
27 Why high heifer retention Value add to females: PTIC/ Non-PTIC Young herd: all cows < 8 ½yo All breeders pregnant Reduce grass tetany / milk fever Fred Morley Unit
28 Length of Joining 2 oestrous cycles 6 weeks Pregnancy diagnosis Retain only pregnant females (100% PTIC) Fred Morley Unit
29 Length of joining: 12 weeks Non-pregnant Pregnant Fred Morley Unit
30 Length of joining: 2 oestrous cycles Non-pregnant Pregnant 6 weeks less to monitor calving 6 weeks longer to get back in calf No age runts Net income ~ 10%
31 Length of joining: 2 oestrous cycles Non-pregnant Pregnant Days to return to service: real or a furphy? Fred Morley Unit
32 Dystocia
33 Nutrition / growth of heifers Struan, S.A. 3 Nutrition levels: High Medium Low 2 age ranges: 2-8 months months 5 combinations Feed our heifers Johnsson, Obst & others Australian Society Animal Production. #13
34 Feed heifers: when??? Fattening Growth Development
35 Effect of level of nutrition on fertility and milking ability of heifers Level of nutrition* H/M H/L M/M L/H L/M Heifer weaning wt [kg] Heifer premating wt Calving % Dystocia % Calf BWT Milk yield (l/day) Weaning % day weaning wt Total kg weaned / 100 cows *High, Medium or Low level of nutrition in the periods 2-8 months of age and 8-14 months of age. Johnsson & Obst, (1982), ASAP. 13:460
36 Dystocia: timing of growth Fred Morley Unit
37 Dystocia: timing of growth
38 Catch up after weaning: No
39 Slow growth after wean: No Fred Morley Unit
40 Effect of level of nutrition on fertility and milking ability of heifers Level of nutrition* H/M H/L M/M L/H L/M Heifer weaning wt [kg] Heifer premating wt Calving % Dystocia % Calf BWT Milk yield (l/day) Weaning % day weaning wt Total kg weaned / 100 cows *High, Medium or Low level of nutrition in the periods 2-8 months of age and 8-14 months of age. Johnsson & Obst, (1982), ASAP. 13:460
41 Effect of level of nutrition on fertility and milking ability of heifers Level of nutrition* H/M H/L M/M L/H L/M Heifer weaning wt [kg] Heifer premating wt Calving % Dystocia % Calf BWT Milk yield (l/day) Weaning % day weaning wt Total kg weaned / 100 cows *High, Medium or Low level of nutrition in the periods 2-8 months of age and 8-14 months of age. Johnsson & Obst, (1982), ASAP. 13:460
42 What is it about dreams????
43 Fred Morley Unit They're usually outside the box! They may excite They may create fear
44 Reality Early selection for CMWt 70% heifer retention 6 week joining + 100% PTIC Fred Morley Unit Feed our heifers
45 Comments & questions 1993
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