BASELINE INFORMATION OF PAPAYA CROP IN SINDH PAKISTAN (BRPGP006-12).

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1 BASELINE INFORMATION OF PAPAYA CROP IN SINDH PAKISTAN (BRPGP006-12). DR. SAIFULLAH KHAN PRINCIPAL 1 INVESTIGATOR BIOTECHNOLOGY WING INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR CHEMICAL & BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES H.E.J. RESEARCH INSTITUTEUNIVERSITY OF KARACHI PAKISTAN.

2 PAPAYA Papaya cultivation spread from 32 0 N and S from the equator Currently grown in India, Hawaii island, Tropical America, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Indonesia, South America and Pakistan as commercial level cultivations. 2

3 PAPAYA GROWING COUNTRIES It is the fruit native to tropical America, now commercially grown in many parts of the world. It has emerged from the status of a home garden crop to that of commercial orchards. It gives one of the highest productions in terms of fruit and net return next to banana. In Sindh Pakistan grown in costal areas of about 1600 ha under cultivation with annual production 8000tonns. 3

4 CLASSIFICATION & BOTANY OF CROP Botanical name - Carica papaya Family : Caricaceae Caricaceae consist of 4 generas and 31 species. Carica -22 Facaratia -6 Farilla - 1 Cylicomorpha - 2 Edible fruits are only found in Carrica papaya. 2n = 18 4

5 BOTANICAL CLASSIFICATION OF PAPAYA (CARICA PAPAYA L.) Kingdom Subkingdom Superdivision Division Class Order Family Genus Species Plantae Plants Tracheobionta Vascular plants Spermatophyta Seed plants Magnoliophyta Flowering plants Magnoliopsida Dicotyledons Violales Caricaceae Papaya family Carica L. papaya Carica papaya L. papaya 5

6 PAPAYA IS A POWERHOUSE OF NUTRIENTS Papaya is a Neutraceutical plant having a wide range of Pharmacological Activities Nutritive values (fresh fruit and processed forms) Good source of β-carotene & Iron for lactating mothers Major sugars are Sucrose (48.3%), Glucose (29.8%) and Fructose (21.9%) Excellent source of Antioxidants, Ascorbic Acid and Minerals 6

7 NUTRITIVE VALUE (PER100GRAM EDIBLE PORTIONS) Water 90.8g Phosphorus 13.0mg Energy 32.8k cal Iron 0.5mg Protein 0.6g Carotene µg Fat 0.1g Thiamine 40.0 µg Carbohydr ates 7.2g Riboflavin µg Calcium 17.0mg Vit.C 57.0 g 7

8 LIFE OF PAPAYA Papaya can be productive for THREE years, Papain and yield reduces but can survive upto age of years and tree become too much tall. Fruit size become small after 3 years 8

9 CONT. 9

10 COMMERCIAL VALUE Widely used as fresh fruit and for use in drinks, Jam, jellies, ice-cream, pies and as dried and crystallized fruit. Papaya is used in cosmetic industry: White pulp of raw papaya improves pimples as well as wrinkles. Papaya work as good bleaching agent. Papain is used as meat tenderizer. 10

11 BASELINE The baseline is current status quo e.g. current conventional cropping, historical agricultural or environmental data and Risk Assessment of specific crop from its cultivated area. 11

12 AIM AND OBJECTIVES To collect baseline information about complete production technology of papaya in the Sindh province of Pakistan. To collect maximum information about cultural practices and neighboring crops including their weeds, wild relatives. To collect necessary information for an environmental risk assessment of Genetically Modified Papaya may be released into Pakistan. 12

13 MATERIALS & METHODS A survey form/questionare was designed which contain all the necessary information Data collected from different Papaya growing areas as per survey form/questionare 13

14 SURVEY FORM/QUESTIONARE INTERNATIONAL CENTER FOR CHEMICAL & BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES H.E.J. Research Institute, University of Karachi Basline information of Papaya Crop in Sindh, Pakistan Survey form for the Project Garant BRPGP Date: Growers Name: Area Name: GPS Reading How many acres cultivated Papaya: acre acres acres 4..acres Papaya cultivars growing: Source of seed: Cetified/Non-certified Know about Transgenic/GM papaya: (Yes/No) Seed sowing practice: Seedling transplantion method and spacing: Ratio of male and female plants/acre: Soil type suitable for papaya cultivation: Waterlogged soil Soil analysis: Water source: Water analysis: 14

15 Irrigation open/drip: Irrigation interval: Weed types: Weed control: (Hoeing/weedicide): Fertilizer type and interval: Diseases: 1. Bacterial 2. Fungal 3. Viral Do you consult with agriculture extension for disease control/self medication: Insect and pest type: Which pesticides and insecticides used: If GM, disease resistant or not: How much loss in case of disease attack PKR: Taste of GM papaya: Yield difference in open irrigation and Drip irrigation: Yield difference between GM and Non-GM Papaya: Income per year/acre: Expenditure on cultivation of Papaya/acre by cultural practices: Expenditure on cultivation of Papaya/acre by drip irrigation practices: How do you sale Fruit in market: Ripened/un-ripened Age of plant for first fruit: Temperature: Fruit size and weight: Whats the life of papaya plants (years): Whats height of Papaya plant: Any part of plant used for any disease cure: 15

16 16

17 17

18 PAPAYA CULTIVATION Cultivars: 1) Malir (Desi) 2) Bangali Seed Source: Self selection from fruit Chat wala (big source) Seed sowing Practice: a) Blocks b) Earthen up each plant c) Furrows 18

19 Plant to Plant Distance ROW TO ROW & PLANT TO PLANT DISTANCE 60 Row to Row distance 60 Plant to Plant distance feet 4 feet 5feet 8feet 0 2 feet 3 feet 4 feet 7 feet 19

20 Mode of Sowing %age of Grower Blocks On Furrows Earthen up each plant Malir tall Bangali 20

21 Source of Irrigation Irrigation interval during winter. In summer every 5 days Tube well Canal days 15 days 21

22 % age Type of soil for Papaya cultivation Papaya Cultivated Land Clay Sandy Loam Acre 2 Acre 2.5 Acre 5 Acre 7 Acre 22

23 PAPAYA DISEASES Weeds cleaning by Hoeing and Spading Ring Spot Virus & Mealy Bug are most prevalent problems Fungal infection are also observed in stem and fruit. 23

24 YIELD PER ACRE AND EXPENDITURE Income per acre is thousands Expenditure per Acre thousands Arathi pays investment for all inputs and drip irrigation expenditures with buy back arrangement 24

25 FRUITING SEASON October to March Fruit Size: a) Nehal 2-5kg b) Sawne kg c) Daghar 0.5-1kg 25

26 COMMON WEEDS AND THEIR CONTROL Cynodon dyctylon Cyprus rotendus Borad leaves Ageratum conyzides Amaranthus viridis Boerhaevia diffusa Euphorbia hirta Parthenium hyselerophorus Control: cultural control rarely use herbicides 26

27 PAPAYA USAGE IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE Meat tenderizer Constipation Against motions Aphrodiasic Reducing Cholesterols Dengue Fever 27

28 28 THANK YOU

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