INTRODUCTORY PRESENTATION

Transcription

1 INTRODUCTORY PRESENTATION Roberto Villarreal Chief of the Development Management Branch DPADM / UNDESA Roundtable on Governance and Uses of ICT for Reaching the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) co-organized by the Division for Public Administration and Development Management (DPADM) in the United Nations Department for Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) (United Nations Headquarters, New York) and the Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division (IDD) in the United nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) (Bangkok, Thailand) Bangkok, Thailand, 9-10 December 2009

2 WELCOMING REMARKS DPADM/UNDESA thanks the Director and all the team of IDD/UNESCAP for their very valuable help in co-organizing this meeting and all participants who by coming here have accepted to share their talent, ideas and expertise, thus contributing to the United Nations efforts to assist all Member States to advance towards the Millennium Development Goals 2

3 PARTICIPANTS DPADM/UNDESA and IDD/UNESCAP acknowledge the participation of 60 persons in this meeting, from the private and government sectors, as well as from civil society and international organizations, of 19 countries: Australia, Indonesia, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Egypt, Fidji, India, Iran, Japan, Korea, Laos, Nepal, Pakistan, People s Republic of China, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Timor Leste It is the very participation of these persons that make this meeting meaningful and useful. 3

4 CONTENTS OF THIS PRESENTATION INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES OF THIS MEETING PROGRAM OF THIS MEETING ANNEXES RELATIVE PROGRESS TOWRDS THE MDGs BY REGIONS ABOUT DPADM/UNDESA ABOUT IDD/UNESCAP htp:// 4

5 INTRODUCTION (1) WORLD DEVELOPMENT CHALLENGES Mankind lives in a situation of enormous challenges and opportunities Historically high records in development assets: population levels and urbanization ratios, and seemingly in life expectancy and schooling, as well in the production of goods and services to satisfy human needs, the accumulation of capital and the availability of scientific and technological knowledge Yet, at the same time, there are still huge development liabilities, as very large numbers of human beings in all countries around the world suffer deeply from: poverty, hunger, unemployment or lack of decent work conditions, incidence of deadly diseases and inadequate sanitation, a deteriorating natural environment and marked differences in living conditions among human groups (for instance between men and women, rural and urban populations, migrant and permanent populations, indigenous peoples, children, etc.) 5

6 INTRODUCTION (2) DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES Facing so numerous, diverse and and acute challenges, the United Nations Member States (currently 192) agreed in year 2000 to concentrate attention, action and resources, over the next 15 years, to achieve significant progress towards eight top-priority priority development goals These are known as the Millennium Development Goals, MDGs), summarized in the UN Millennium Declaration: 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger 2. Achieve universal primary schooling 3. Promote gender equality and empower women 4. Reduce child mortality 5. Improve maternal health 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases 7. Ensure environmental sustainability 8. Promote partnerships for development among stakeholders The UN Millennium Declaration establishes tach country is free to determine its own strategies to accomplish the MDGs in its sovereignty eignty 6

7 FOCUS OF THIS MEETING INTRODUCTION (3) ADVANCEMENT TOWARDS THE MDGs The Millennium Declaration and the MDGs have been effective tools to promote more decisive efforts and more focused actions and investments aimed a at the most sensitive priorities for development worldwide Yet, as the first decade since the Millennium Declaration was adopted, progress is still insufficient with respect to all eight MDGs Causes are numerous, including: Political structures or systems in different regions, countries and sub- national areas, that still don t give highest priority to equitable, inclusive and sustainable development, including pro- poor growth and effective public policies for social development and environmental care Governance that is inadequate and in many cases hinders the effectiveness of multi- stakeholders interventions Resources devoted to investment and development management (including capital, human resources and technology) which are insufficient and of low quality, or inefficiently allocated, in numerous countries Partnerships comprising international, national and sub- national actors from the public and private sectors, and from civil society, which are not always effective and sustainable for many reasons, including insufficient creativity, lack of adequate resources and technology, transparency and outcome evaluation Uses of ICT in different ways can contribute to further advancement ent towards the MDGs, by enhancing performance along the four avenues mentioned above 7

8 INTRODUCTION (4) FORTHCOMING GLOBAL MEETINGS ON USES OF ICT4D The UN will host in New York, in September 2010, a World Summit, with the participation of all 192 UN Member States, to: evaluate progress achieved in relation to the MDGs over the first 10 years since the Millennium Declaration deliberate and make strategy recommendations for the next 5 years UNDESA will present, at the next annual meeting of GAID, in October 2010 in Shanghai 2010 in Shanghai, a Matrix on Uses of ICT4MDGs, to: promote public-private private-people people partnerships in numerous countries, from all regions of the World, to further apply ICT4D, particularly to advance towards t the MDGs Both global meetings will be excellent opportunities for all interested individuals and organizations to present worldwide, in an articulated manner, their contributions to use ICT for attaining the MDGs in their respective countries or regions In preparation for that, UNDESA will carry out meetings similar to this in other regions of the World. All participants will be welcome to attend the global meetings. Best ICT4D contributions will be granted global awards by the UNU 8

9 INTRODUCTION (5) POSITIONING ICT FOR THE MDGs IN THE INTERNATIONAL AGENDA MILESTONES NEXT YEAR AND BEYOND 2011 PUBLIC SERVICE AWARDS NEW CATEGORIES Published 2010 for grant in 2011 SEPT

10 ABOUT THIS MEETING ICT AND MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS The Roundtable is intended to provide answers to these questions: What experience can be gathered about good practices in this regard, to be offered to interested countries to further advance towards the MDGs? How can MDGs be accomplished not only as national averages, but also at sub-national levels, throughout the diverse regions and localities of a country? How can rural and urban lenses help? How can countries be helped in this field to bring forward their own efforts to achieve the MDGs? How can ICT be efficiently applied in this context? How can the UN facilitate information sharing, networking and partnerships to facilitate the adoption of ICT to advance towards the MDGs?

11 OBJECTIVES OF THIS MEETING Encourage collective action to foster worldwide development (economic, social, human, sustainable, scientific, cultural, etc) specially to reach the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and other Internationally Agreed Development Goals (IADGs) through further promoting more extensive and innovative uses of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT) by all types of organizations in national and local governments and the public sector in general, as well as in the private sector and in civil society with emphasis on networking and sharing knowledge at the global scale about particular ICT applications which have been proved viable and useful, as well as about constraints and failures observed with the aim to collectively build over time a Knowledge Base on Uses of ICT for Reaching the MDs 11

12 PROGRAM FOR THIS MEETING DAY 1 OPENING CEREMONY FIRST PLENARY SESSION: USES OF ICT4MDGs General notions about ICT for the MDGs Presentations on uses of ICT for reaching the MDGs on Poverty, Health and Education, and Sustainable Development SECOND PLENARY SESSION: MODEL INITIATIVES Illustration of uses of ICT4D in disease management, information society, capacity building for government leaders, and green growth LUNCH BREAK THREE PARALELL THEMATIC GROUP DISCUSSIONS Concrete experiences from different countries on: A) Uses of ICT for poverty alleviation,and job creation B) Uses of ICT for education and health C)Uses of ICT for sustainable development DAY 2 THIRD PLENNARY SESSION: AN OVERALL PICTURE OF WHERE WE STAND ABOUT USES OF ICT FOR THE MDGs Recapitulating first day delliberations FOURTH PLENARY SESSION: BUILDING A KNOWLEDGE BASE ON USES OF ICT FOR THE MDGs Ideas on the design and contents of a Knowledge Base Contributions of contents to the Knowledge Base LUNCH BREAK FIFTH PLENARY SESSION: NETWORKING FOR SHARING KNOWLEDGE Recommendations on strategy about organization, leadership and incentives about the Knowledge Base Individual or institutional proposals on concrete steps ahead and contributions CONCLUSSIONS CLOSING CEREMONY 12

13 SHARING KNOWLEDGE AND MAKING PARTNERSHIPS Promoting further the uses of ICT for reaching the MDGs requires not only imagination and entrepreneurship from leading individuals or organizations, but most importantly the sharing of knowledge to facilitate dissemination of viable applications as well as networking and partnerships to bring different stakeholders closer together Therefore, all participants in this meeting are encouraged to play a very active role in this respect: Please make this a very lively and productive meeting 13

14 END OF PRESENTATION THANKS! 14

15 ANNEX 1 RELATIVE PROGRESS TOWARDS THE MDGs IN DIFFERENT REGIONS AROUND THE WORLD 15

16 SOME WORLD STATISTICS ON POVERTY (1) 1.4 billion people living under $1.25 USD/day in developing countries in 2005 (vs. 1.9 billion people in 1981) Even though population increased in these 25 years A 1% yearly decrease in the proportion of extreme poor people relative to total population, from 52% en 1981 to 26% in 2005 This is on track with the Millenium Development Goals established by the United Nations (50% reduction of people in poverty between 1990 and 2015) By 2015 there will still be 1 billion people living under $1.25 USD a day, and those that have crossed that international poverty line will still be poor considering many other standards * World Bank: Ravaillon, M. and Sh. Chen (2008), The developing world is poorer than we thought, but no less succesful in the fight against poverty. With 1993 data original estimates were 985 million people living under $1 USD a day in 2004, down from 1.5 billion in 1991

17 SOME WORLD STATISTICS ON POVERTY (2) Poverty reduction has been territorialy uneven Absolute declines have only occurred in East Asia and Pacific (due to impressive results in China) Poverty reached many additional million people in other regions: 182 more millions in Sub-Saharan Africa 38 more in South Asia (most of them in India) 17 million more in Europe and Central Asia The number of poor has been constant in the Middle East and North Africa Latin America registered large transitory augments because of major macroeconomic crisis, but has returned to pre-crisis levels This does not include increases in poverty occured between 2005 and today from very high raises in food and energy prices. * World Bank: Ravaillon, M. and Sh. Chen (2008), The developing world is poorer than we thought, but no less succesful in the fight against poverty. With 1993 data original estimates were 985 million people living under $1 USD a day in 2004, down from 1.5 billion in

18 Sub-Saharan Africa Southern Asia South-Eastern Asia Eastern Asia Latin America & the Caribbean Developing regions Source: United Nations MDG Report

19 MDG 1: Eradicate Poverty and Hunger GOAL AND TARGETS RELATIVE PROGRESS BY REGIONS GOAL 1 Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Sub-Saharan Africa South-Eastern Asia Southern Asia Latin-America and the Caribbean Reduce extreme poverty by half Very high poverty High poverty Very high poverty Moderate poverty Productivity and decent employment Very large deficit in decent work Very large deficit in decent work Very large deficit in decent work Moderate deficit in decent work Reduce hunger by half Very high hunger High hunger High hunger Moderate hunger Progress insufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Progress sufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Already met the target or very close to meeting the target Source: United Nations MDG Report

20 GOAL AND TARGETS RELATIVE PROGRESS BY REGIONS GOAL 2 Achieve universal primary schooling Sub- Saharan Africa South- Eastern Asia Southern Asia Latin- America and the Caribbean Universal primary schooling Low enrolment High enrolment Moderate enrolment High enrolment Progress insufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Progress sufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Already met the target or very close to meeting the target Source: United Nations MDG Report

21 GOAL AND TARGETS RELATIVE PROGRESS BY REGIONS GOAL 3 Promote gender equality and empower women Sub-Saharan Africa South-Eastern Asia Southern Asia Latin-America and the Caribbean Equal girls enrolment in primary school Women s share of paid employment Close to parity Parity Parity Parity Low share Medium share Low share High share Women s equal representation in national parliaments Low representation Low representation Low representation Moderate representation Progress insufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Progress sufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Already met the target or very close to meeting the target Source: United Nations MDG Report

22 GOAL AND TARGETS RELATIVE PROGRESS BY REGIONS GOAL 4 Reduce child mortality Sub-Saharan Africa South-Eastern Asia Southern Asia Latin-America and the Caribbean Reduce mortality of under-fiveyear-olds by two thirds Very high mortality Low mortality High mortality Low mortality Measles immunization Moderate coverage Moderate coverage Moderate coverage High coverage Progress insufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Progress sufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Already met the target or very close to meeting the target Source: United Nations MDG Report

23 GOALAND TARGETS RELATIVE PROGRESS BY REGIONS GOAL 5 Improve maternal health Sub-Saharan Africa South-Eastern Asia Southern Asia Latin-America and the Caribbean Reduce maternal mortality by three quarters Very high mortality High mortality High mortality Moderate mortality Access to reproductive health Low access Moderate access Moderate access High access No progress or deterioration Progress insufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Progress sufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Already met the target or very close to meeting the target Source: United Nations MDG Report

24 GOAL AND TARGETS RELATIVE PROGRESS BY REGIONS GOAL 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases Sub-Saharan Africa South-Eastern Asia Southern Asia Latin-America and the Caribbean Halt and reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS High prevalence Low prevalence Low prevalence Moderate prevalence Halt and reverse the spread of tuberculosis High mortality High mortality Moderate mortality Low mortality No progress or deterioration Progress insufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Progress sufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Already met the target or very close to meeting the target Source: United Nations MDG Report

25 GOAL AND TARGETS RELATIVE PROGRESS BY REGIONS GOAL7 Ensure environmental sustainability Sub-Saharan Africa South-Eastern Asia Southern Asia Latin-America and the Caribbean Reverse loss of forests Medium forest cover High forest cover Medium forest cover High forest cover Halve proportion without improved drinking water Halve proportion without sanitation Low coverage Moderate coverage Moderate coverage High coverage Very low coverage Low coverage Very low coverage Moderate coverage Improve the lives of slum-dwellers Very high proportion of slumdwellers High proportion of slum-dwellers High proportion of slum-dwellers Moderate proportion of slumdwellers No progress or deterioration Progress insufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Progress sufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Already met the target or very close to meeting the target Source: United Nations MDG Report

26 ACCESS TO SAFE WATER Access to safe water The highest coverage for both urban and rural areas occurs in Eastern Europe and Central Asia, where the gap is also the narrowest (95% and 82%, respectively, a 13 percent points difference) In the middle range are East Asia and Latin America, with similar coverage and disparities in both regions (around 93% and 67%, thus a 26 percent points gap) The lowest indicators are observed in Sub-Saharan Africa (83% and 44%, a 39 percent points disparity) * World Bank: Ravaillon, M. and Sh. Chen (2008), The developing world is poorer than we thought, but no less succesful in the fight against poverty. With 1993 data original estimates were 985 million people living under $1 USD a day in 2004, down from 1.5 billion in

27 ACCESS TO SANITATION Access to sanitation The highest urban and rural coverage and smallest disparities are in Eastern Europe and Central Asia (91% and 81%, respectively, a gap of 10 percent points), followed by the Middle East and North Africa in all indicators. Latin America comes next (86%, 52%, and a 34 percent points gap), followed by East Asia (73%, 35% and 38 percent points). In both regions, a marked urban bias is thus observed. Sub-Saharan Africa records low coverage rates in both areas but narrower disparities (73% and 43%, a 30 percent points gap) The lowest coverage and widest disparities are found in South Asia (67% and 22% of access in urban and rural areas, respectively, reflecting a gap of 45 percent points). * World Bank: Ravaillon, M. and Sh. Chen (2008), The developing world is poorer than we thought, but no less succesful in the fight against poverty. With 1993 data original estimates were 985 million people living under $1 USD a day in 2004, down from 1.5 billion in 1991.

28 MDG 8: DEVELOP PARTNERSHIP FOR DEV. GOAL AND TARGETS RELATIVE PROGRESS BY REGIONS GOAL 8 Develop a global partnership for development Sub-Saharan Africa South-Eastern Asia Southern Asia Latin-America and the Caribbean Internet users Very low usage Moderate usage Low usage High usage Progress insufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Progress sufficient to reach the target if prevailing trends persist Already met the target or very close to meeting the target Source: United Nations MDG Report

29 ANNEX 2 ABOUT THE CO-ORGANIZERS OF THIS MEETING IN UNDESA AND UNESCAP 29

30 UNDESA / DPADM / DMB WITHIN THE UN 30

31 UNDESA The Department for Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) of the United Nations (UN) Promotes and supports international cooperation to achieve development for all, and assists governments in agenda-setting and decision-making on development issues at the global level Supports the Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) and thegeneral Assembly with system wide guidance for economic and social development 31

32 ABOUT DPADM (1) This is the Division within UNDESA in charge of: Public Administration Development Management Its mission is to assist UN Member States to attain better development, through 3 avenues: Enhancing Human Resources and Institutional Capacities in the Public Sector Introducing e-government systems in Public administration Promoting effective Public Governance, Citizens Engagement and Uses of ICT for Development (ICT4D) for succesful national development strategies and efficient local public service delivery 32

33 ABOUT DPADM (2) There are three branches in the Division, namely Public Administration Capacity Branch (PACB), e-government Branch (egb) and Development Management Branch (DMB). In addition to the Office of the Director (OD), there is one unit called the UNPAN Management Unit (UMU) which coordinates the United Nations Public Administration Network ( The Division also has four affiliate entities: the Global Alliance for ICT and Development (GAID, in New York, the Global Centre for ICT in Parliament in Rome ( The Internet Governance Forum (IGF, in Geneva, and The United Nations Project Office on Governance (UNPOG) in Seoul ( 33

34 DMB The Development Management Branch (DMB) is a part of DPADM, whose mission is to assist Member States particularly in: Transforming their public administration and public sector institutions to be more development- and citizensoriented, efficient, transparent, accountable, participatory, innovative, knowledge- and ICT-based Enhancing and improving the delivery of public services at national and local levels, especially using ICT for development engaging citizens in public development strategies promoting effective governance. 34

35 MAIN PRODUCTS OF DPADM e-government Survey Global Database on Electronic and Mobile Government World Public Service Report United Nations Public Administration Network (UNPAN) Global Alliance on ICT for Development (GAID) 35

36 UNESCAP 36

37 IDD / UNESCAP 37

38 BASIC NOTIONS ON DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT: A complex and multidimensional process, by which human beings attain higher standards of living (in terms of income, health, education, living space and satisfaction of other fundamental needs) and enjoy wider rights to exert their capabilities within a social context characterized by equity and inclusion in ways that are sustainable and increasingly safe in relation with natural, economic and political risks

39 MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND TARGETS Goal 1 End Poverty and Hunger Target 1: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than $1 a day Target 2: Achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all, including women and young people Target 3: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger Goal 2 Achieve Universal Primary Education Target 1: Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling Goal 3 Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women Target 1: Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005, and in all levels of education no later than 2015

40 MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND TARGETS Goal 4 Reduce Child Mortality Target 1:Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate Goal 5 Improve maternal Health Target 1: Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio Target 2: Achieve universal access to reproductive health Goal 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and Other Diseases Target 1: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS Target 2: Achieve, by 2010, universal access to treatment for HIV/AIDS for all those who need it Target 3: Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases

41 MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND TARGETS Goal 7 Ensure Environmental Sustainability Target 1: Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources Target 2: Reduce biodiversity loss, achieving, by 2010, a significant reduction in the rate of loss Target 3: Halve, by 2015, the proportion of the population without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation Target 4: By 2020, to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers

42 MILLENIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND TARGETS Goal 8 Develop a Global Partnership for Development Target 1: Address the special needs of least developed countries, landlocked countries and small island developing states Target 2: Develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, nondiscriminatory trading and financial system Target 3: Deal comprehensively with developing countries debt Target 4: In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries Target 5: In cooperation with the private sector, make available benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications

43 BASIC NOTIONS ON GOVERNANCE GOVERNANCE: The whole set of arrangements by which a human group strives to harness or control its development process, including: Formal and informal rules Public, private and social institutions and organizations Information, communication and coordination means

44 END OF ANNEXES 44