Use of Sentinel 2 for agricultural operational applications at farm level - Talking Fields

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1 Use of Sentinel 2 for agricultural operational applications at farm level - Talking Fields Dr. Heike Bach Vista - Remote Sensing in Geosciences GmbH VISTA No. 1

2 Vista Remote Sensing in Geosciences GmbH Remote Sensing and Modelling for Agriculture and Hydrology Private Company Founded: 1995 in Munich CEO/Owner: Dr. Heike Bach Staff: 15 geo-data-scientists Research & Development leading to Operational Services: Snow Cover Data Assimilation Agriculture Yield Prediction Precision Farming Certification Snow Water Equivalent SnowSense Snow & Water Balance Modeling Hydrology Snow/Flood Monitoring Runoff Forecast Hydropower Production VISTA No. 2

3 Precision Farming & Smart Farming as advanced digital technologies in agriculture Precision farming is a key digital technologies to support resource efficiency in agriculture and reduce environmental impact, but often understood as autosteering with focus on GNSS. Smart Farming finds the best combination of knowledge and technology to offer solutions for the farmers to manage efficiently their resources and react on spatial heterogeneity! Challenge: Feeding-9-billion requires a sustainable intensification of agricultural production to close the yield gap. VISTA No. 3

4 Smart Fertilisation Precision Navigation Smart Farming Techniques to close the Yield Gap Smart Seeding Services of Vista with central contributions of Sentinel data Smart Irrigation Biodiversity Weather Forecasts Current Yield Yield Potential VISTA No. 4

talkingfields - from Image to Information www.

5 talkingfields - from Image to Information RapidEye VISTA No. 5

6 TF Yield Map t/ha TF Biomass Map t/ha TF Zone Map High / low yield potential zones TF Basemap Persistent biomass patterns VISTA No. 6

7 Smart Farming Services offered German-wide through FarmFacts VISTA No. 7

TF Base Map Application for Basal Dressing Application of low amounts of organic fertilizer Application of high amounts of organic fertilizer Lime ridges show lower

8 TF Base Map Application for Basal Dressing Application of low amounts of organic fertilizer Application of high amounts of organic fertilizer Lime ridges show lower long-term and current biomass and yield because of reduced nutrient and water holding capacity. TF Zone Map on basis of TF Base Map Image: Münchhoff VISTA No. 8

9 TF Zone Map for improved soil mapping Concept: Optimize field sampling strategy for improved soil mapping using heterogeneity info from EO Use of selective instead of raster sampling raster-sampling selective sampling Soil sampling using satellite navigation Source: KTBL 2004, changed TF Base Map TF Zone Map Walking Line VISTA No. 9

10 Assimilation of Satellite Information in PROMET Meteorology Multi-Mission Satellite Data Yield Map for Entire Farm [t/ha] Biomass Map Sowing Timeline Harvest VISTA No. 10

11 Talking Fields dt/ha How accurate can we model yield with EO on field and farm level? Talking Fields dt/ha Not only field averages (left) also within-field heterogeneity (bottom) can be modelled with very high accuracy. measured dt/ha VISTA No. 11

Smart Fertilization The added-value (satellite map-overlay approach) Yield Potential Current

Uniform (conventional) Map-Overlay Site-specific Yield Nitrogen applied Net Profit: Revenue

5% Yield increase of 3% - 6% could be achieved even on best soils = 60 120 /ha more net

12 Smart Fertilization The added-value (satellite map-overlay approach) Yield Potential Current Biomass Smart Fertilization (Map Overlay) N in Kg/ha + = low high Fertilization Strategy Uniform (conventional) Map-Overlay Site-specific Yield Nitrogen applied Net Profit: Revenue N-costs 84.1 dt/ha 246 kg N /ha 87.1 dt/ha 242 kg N /ha +4.5% Yield increase of 3% - 6% could be achieved even on best soils = /ha more net profit Scientifically approved by multi-year research results of the TU Munich (Maidl, 2012) VISTA No. 12

13 Creation of Application Maps in Online Platform NextFarming or Desktop Solution AgarOffice VISTA No. 13

14 Connected Nutrient Management VISTA No. 14

Game changer Sentinel-2 In orbit since June 2015 Operational satellite system provided by the EC/ESA freely available at no charge Globally available Technical specifications ideal for agriculture

15 Game changer Sentinel-2 In orbit since June 2015 Operational satellite system provided by the EC/ESA freely available at no charge Globally available Technical specifications ideal for agriculture and better than everything that has been in orbit so far (10m, every 5 days, superspectral) Operational availability secured for the next 25 years through financial commitment of the EU! (Investment of billions of Euro) VISTA No. 15

16 Sentinel Sep 2015 Irrigated Fields in Egypt VISTA No. 16

17 Leaf Area 3. Sep 2015 VISTA No. 17

18 Leaf Area 19. Sep 2015 VISTA No. 18

19 Leaf Area 22. Sep 2015 VISTA No. 19

20 Leaf Area 5. Oct 2015 VISTA No. 20

21 Error of retrieval Error of retrieval Which accuracy can be achieved for crop parameter retrieval with which sensor? Leaf Area => Sensors with bands in the shortwave infrared and high signal-to-noise ratio with best retrieval results Leaf Chlorophyll => Sensors with bands in the Red Edge show the best retrieval results => Sentinel-2 performs best for leaf area and chlorophyll content! VISTA No. 21

22 Sentinel-2 Delivers Maps of Leaf Area AND Chlorophyll Content Sentinel-2A Aug 13, 2015 Leaf area map VISTA No. 22

23 BOA reflectance [%] Crop Parameter Retrieval Leaf Chlorophyll Sentinel-2A Aug 13, 2015 Sentinel-2A Aug 13, 2015 Leaf area map Leaf Chlorophyll content Chlorophyll differences not only visible in absorptions in VIS, but also in red edge shift 10 5 Cab = 34 Cab = ,45 0,65 0,85 Wavelength [µm] VISTA No. 23

Refectance [%] Why spatial resolution is not everything 50 Chlorophyll Maps 40 30 20 10 Sentinel-2

2000 2200 2400 Wavelength [nm] Spectral bands and excellent radiometry (low noise level) more

24 Refectance [%] Why spatial resolution is not everything 50 Chlorophyll Maps Sentinel-2 RapidEye 1 RapidEye: 5m resolution, 5 bands, high noise level Wavelength [nm] Spectral bands and excellent radiometry (low noise level) more important than resolution! Sentinel-2. 10/20m resolution; 11 bands, low noise level VISTA No. 24

25 Conclusions Earth Observation, environmental data, digital maps, meteo stations, farm management and machine data are all pieces of a big data stream that can serve for smart farming offering economic and ecologic benefits to farmers. Sentinel-2 certainly will create new business opportunities. But even more important, Sentinel-2 provides the backbone to establish a whole information chain from the satellite to the farmer offering chances to produce food in a more sustainable way. The free and open access to Sentinel data guarantees that these data can be used by everybody around the Globe, no matter whether they are from an industrialized country of a developing country. This gives equal chances to everybody to be more sustainable in agriculture. VISTA No. 25

26 Big Data Technologies for Smart Farming Services Cyber- Infrastructure Smart Communication Farmers: reduce yield gap optimize resource use minimize envir. impacts VISTA No. 26

27 Don't worry about the harvest, but about the right cultivation of your fields. (Confucius v. Chr.) Thank you! Dr. Heike Bach VISTA - Remote Sensing in Geosciences GmbH Gabelsbergerstr München, Germany bach@vista-geo.de VISTA No. 27

From Image to Information

From Image to Information Using ICT and Earth Observation to support food security Workshop on innovations in food and agriculture system: Policies to foster productive and sustainable solutions OECD 26.