Alfalfa Medicago sativa L.

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1 FORAGE IDENTIFICATION Alfalfa Medicago sativa L. Winter Hardiness Very High Drought Tolerance Bloat Hazard Yes Hay, silage, pasture, green manure crop. Northern half; increasing acreage in the Southeast inches

2 Alsike Clover Trifolium hybridum L. Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance Bloat Hazard (acts as Biennial) High Fair Yes Pasture, hay; best suited to poorly drained sites. Upper Midwest and North Central Pacific States inches.

3 Big Bluestem Andropogon gerardii Vitman Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance High Bunchgrass with or without rhizomes. Warm High-yielding, warm season pasture and hay. Great Plains and Midwest. 3-8 feet.

4 Birdsfoot Trefoil Lotus corniculatus L. Very High Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance Fair Bloat Hazard No Complements Kentucky bluegrass; low seedling vigor; ID-139. Upper Midwest and Northeast inches.

5 Tall Fescue Festuca arundinacea Schreb. Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance Medium Fair Bunchgrass with tendency to form tight sod. Fair High-yielding, cool season pasture (include legume with mixture), hay, soil conservation; AY-98 and AY-258. Midwest, Mid-Atlantic, and Southeast inches.

6 Indiangrass Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance High Sod, Rhizomatous. Warm High-yielding, warm season pasture and hay. Great Plains and Midwest. 4-8 feet.

7 Kentucky Bluegrass Poa pratensis L. Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance Very High Sod, Rhizomatous. Poor Low-yielding, cool season pasture and turf; excellent quality, but low yields. Throughout North America; most important in the northeastern quarter inches.

8 Korean Lespedeza Lespedeza stipulacea Maxim Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance Bloat Hazard Summer Annual High -- Fair Warm No Late summer pasture or hay; must reseed itself annually to persist. Southeast 2-34 inches.

9 Orchardgrass Dactylis glomerata L. Winter Hardiness Medium-High Fair Bunchgrass Drought Tolerance Distribution in Fair High-yielding, cool season pasture and hay (withstands 4 cut system with alfalfa). Midwest, Northeast, and Northwest inches.

10 Ryegrass Lolium perenne L. Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance Annual or Very High - to F Bunchgrass Poor Low to mediumyielding, cool season pasture, hay and turf; quick establishment. Primarily in the southeast and the Northwest inches.

11 Red Clover Trifolium pratense L. Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance Bloat Hazard (acts as Biennial) High Fair Yes Excellent pasture renovation crop, short-term hay crop. Eastern half and Northwest inches.

12 Reed Canarygrass Phalaris arundinacea L. Low Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance Sod, Rhizomatous. High-yielding, cool season pasture (immature stages only), hay, soil conservation; AY- 60. Northern half inches.

13 Smooth Bromegrass Bromus inermis Leyss Very High Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance Sod, Rhizomatous. Medium to highyielding, cool season pasture and hay (no more than 3 cut system when legume included), soil conservation. Northern half; most prevalent in upper Midwest inches.

14 Sudangrass Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench Summer Annual High Winter Hardiness None Drought Tolerance Bunchgrass Warm Supplemental warm season pasture, greenchop, silage and hay; AY-196. Throughout the Maximum of 15 feet.

15 Yellow and White Sweetclover Yellow: Melilotus officionalis (L.) Lam. White: Melilotus alba Desr. Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance Annual or Biennial Medium -- to Bloat Hazard Yes Green Manure crop, forage for bees, Hay, pasture, silage; sweetclover disease can be a problem Great Plains and Midwest inches (yellow); inches (white).

16 Switchgrass Panicum virgatum L. Medium Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance Bunchlike, short rhizomes. Warm High-yielding, warm season pasture and hay, wildlife cover. Great Plains and Midwest. 3-6 feet.

17 Timothy Phleum pratense L. Winter Hardiness Drought Tolerance High Bunchgrass Poor Medium to highyielding, cool season pasture and hay (no more than 3 cut system with legume included). Upper Midwest and Northeast inches.

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