Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) The status of GIAHS and way forward

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1 Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) The status of GIAHS and way forward

2 For a long period of time, communities of farmers and herders have developed locally adapted ingenious agricultural systems that have led to food and livelihood security as well as the maintenance of natural and cultural diversity. 1

3 Food and livelihood security Managed by 1.4 billion people, mostly family farmers and indigenous communities, and produce between 30-50% of the domestic food consumed in the developing world Agro-biodiversity Conserve/shared thousands of cultivated species Resilient ecosystem Resource management Landscape Cultural heritage Increase food production by 60% until 2050 in a sustainable way Poverty reduction Climate Change Adaptation Resilience of society Well-being of people 2

4 However these systems are threatened by Population pressure and cultural change Neglect of diversified systems and local knowledge under modernization Low community involvement in decision-making Inappropriate policy, legal and incentive frameworks 3

5 GIAHS Partnership Initiative Was conceptualized and launched by FAO in 2002 at the occasion of World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg South Africa 4

6 Strategy and Approach In order to provide systematic support to the conservation and adaptive management of agricultural heritage systems, the GIAHS Initiative promotes intervention strategies at three distinct levels: Global level Facilitating international recognition of the concept of GIAHS National level Mainstreaming of the GIAHS concept in national sectoral and inter-sectoral plans and policies (regulatory and incentive mechanisms) and using them as sustainability benchmark systems Local level Empowerment of local communities and technical assistance for sustainable resource management, promoting traditional knowledge and enhancing viability of these systems through economic incentives 5

7 Designated sites 1 Chiloé Agriculture (Chile) 12 Sado s Satoyama in harmony with Crested Ibis (Japan) 20 Managing Aso Grasslands for Sustainable Agriculture(Japan) 2 Andean Agriculture (Peru) 13 Dong s Rice Fish Duck System (China) 21 Chagusaba System (Japan) 3 Ifugao Rice Terraces (Philippines) 14 Hani Rice Terraces(China) 22 Kunisaki Integrated Forestry, Agriculture and Fisheries System (Japan) 4 Rice-fish Culture (China) 15 Wannian Traditional Rice Culture (China) 23 Kuaijishan Ancient Chinese Torreya (China) 5,6,7 Oases of the Maghreb Region (Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco) 16 Aohan Dryland Farming System (China) 24 Xuanhua Traditional Vineyard System (China) 8.9 Maasai Pastoral Heritage (Kenya, Tanzania) 17 Pu er Traditional Tea Agrosystem (China) 25 Kuttanad Below Sea Level Farming System (India) 10 Upland Agro-Forestry Syste(Tanzania) 18 Saffron Heritage of Kashmir (India) 11 Noto s Satoyama and Satoumi (Japan) 19 Traditional Agricultural Systems, Koraput (India) 6

8 Projects and implementing countries Project/Fund Implementing countries GEF Germany IFAD Turkey TCP Self-fund Algeria, China, Chile, Peru, Philippines, Tunisia Kenya, Tanzania Bangladesh, Egypt, Ethiopia, Indonesia Azerbaijan, Turkey Ecuador etc. India, Japan, Korea etc. Pipeline projects, Regional Rice Initiative, etc. Japan Others (China South-South cooperation, JICA) Morocco, Philippines etc. Oman, UAE etc. South-South cooperation, Twinning 7

9 Success story 1: Rice-fish culture in China Ministry of Agriculture have adopted and implemented the National Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (NIAHS). (Overwhelming NIAHS applications were received from 43 prefectures/counties.) After the designation in 2005, rice with GIAHS label sells 60% higher than similar rice with no label the number of tourists increased by 100% in Model calculation by Liu et al in 2010 shows that rice-fish agriculture increases net income per ha by 30% reduces the fertilizer application per ha by 60% increases the ecological service value per ha by 100% compared with rice mono-cropping agriculture. 8

10 Success story 2: Ifugao rice terrace in the Philippines Hectares of land managed are maintained (68,416ha) Formulation of a national system for the recognition of agricultural heritage sites and support for their dynamic conservation. Crop diversification through the integrated rice farming system in the site Hazard mitigation (Manage/Control of earthworm damage, repair/rehabilitation of damaged terraces and irrigation channels, etc.) 9

11 Success story 3: Ghout system Algeria Upscale of the system: 50ha are newly reclaimed Five new farmer associations were established, with 19 percent of its members being women Young farmers engagement have increased from 2 percent in 2010 to 23 percent shown by the most recent statistics. 10

12 Success story 4: Massai Pastral system Levels of biodiversity and wildlife have been maintained through implementing action plans. Development of a Community Based Organization for land management. - The introduction of animal health technologies (vaccination) - Restocking of cattle which was lost in the face of frequent draughts - Cleaning of invasive bush species - Rehabilitation and construction of dams Development of jewelry and handcraft for women Construction of a cultural boma / Museum to share lessons learned 11

13 Success story 5: Shimbwe Juu Kihamba Agroforestry Heritage Site Levels of biodiversity and wildlife have been maintained through implementing action plans. Abandoned farms have been reclaimed under farm management that encourages biodiversity (15 acres). Transition to organic coffee and introduction of vanilla in order to explore new market and to improve farmers income Rehabilitation of furrow system for irrigation 12

14 Objectives of this meeting Use the lessons learned and achievements in the GEF pilot countries (best practices, success stories, barriers, gaps) for further development of the GIAHS Initiative, Explore commitment from partners 13

15 Developments since 2013 (1/4) The GIAHS International Forum 2013, held in Noto Peninsula, Japan Adoption of the GIAHS Noto Communique GIAHS Noto Communique The recommendations: 1. the progressive designation of further GIAHS sites to promote the conservation of agricultural heritage and its contributions towards global food security and economic development 2. promotion of on-the-ground projects and activities, particularly in developing countries 3. the existing GIAHS to support the recognition of candidatures of GIAHS areas in less developed countries 4. promote the twinning of GIAHS sites between developed and developing countries. 14

16 Developments since 2013 (2/4) GIAHS is up-scaling. And outscaling. - Two Korean sites were designated. - Three Chinese sites and one Iranian site will be screened at this meeting. Other candidate sites will also make presentations. - National orientation workshop was held in such countries as UAE, Oman, Indonesia, Ethiopia. Regional Orientation Workshop for Asia and the Pacific was held by FAORAP in November More than 50 delegates from 18 countries participated. - A set of recommendations was identified and discussed. The recommendations on future development of GIAHS in Asia and the Pacific: 1. Institutional System of GIAHS and Sceretatiat 2. Consultation/Advisory Service Mechanism 3. National GIAHS mechanism 4. South-South Cooperation Twinnig 5. Resources (formulation & implementation) 6. Regional Networking - After the workshop, Thailand and Mongolia are starting to identify GIAHS. 15

17 Developments since 2013 (3/4) FAORLC has constitutes a GIAHS Regional Steering Committee and will hold International Expert Seminar Culture Diversity, Food Sovereignty and Traditional Livelihoods Twinning, South-South cooperation are on-going 1st Conference of East Asia Research Association for Agricultural Heritage Systems (ERAHS) April political leaders, national/local governmental officials, researchers from China, Korea and Japan attended the meeting to promote research cooperation of agricultural heritage systems. 16

18 Developments since 2013 (4/4) Strengthening collaboration with CBD and UNESCO - GIAHS contribution to regional capacity building workshop for Africa held by CBD (Nairobi, Kenya in March 2014) - GIAHS contribution to 1st European Conference for the Implementation of the UNESCO-SCBD Joint Programme on Biological and Cultural Diversity (Florence, Italy in April 2014) - COP 12 (Pyeongchang, Republic of Korea, October 2014) - Man and the Biosphere Programme Strengthening collaboration with Treaty (ITPGRFA) - Collaboration through Benefit Sharing Fund in Tunisia and in Third Call of BSF and promoting plant in-situ conservation Strengthening collaboration with ISESCO, ICCROM, IUFRO etc. 17

19 FAO mandate FAO launched the new Strategic Objectives in order to address the most pressing issues in the world, eradication of hunger, poverty reduction and realization of sustainable agriculture. GIAHS Initiative contributes to the achievement of these objectives and perfectly fit to our work in FAO. Strategic Objective 2 (SO2) Increase and improve provision of goods and services from agriculture, forestry and fisheries in a sustainable manner. It also contributes to other Strategic Objectives such as eradication of hunger (SO1), reduction of rural poverty (SO3) and so on. 18

20 Conference Resolution on GIAHS FAO started discussion in order to formally endorse the operational framework of GIAHS through a resolution of the FAO Conference. This will provide GIAHS with formal status within FAO framework. The 97 th CCLM (Committee on Constitutional and Legal Matters) endorsed the initiation of the process. Followed by the 148 th Council Session. Sequence of Review - September November February March June 2015 Session of the Committee on Agriculture Session of the Joint Meeting of the Programme and Finance Committees Session of the CCLM Session of the Council Session of the Conference 19

21 Inter-departmental task force 1st Inter-departmental task force meeting in February - Agriculture and Consumer Protection Department (AG), Forestry Department (FO), Fisheries and Aquaculture Department (FI), Economic and Social Development Department (ES), FAORLC, FAORAP and Natural Resources Department (NR) etc. Objectives - Input/contribution from different technical units - Knowledge sharing (social, economic, environmental analysis etc.) - Bottom-up approach from Regions/Countries 20

22 Objectives of this meeting Enhance the GIAHS programme through -interaction with multiple sectors -collaboration with regions Strengthen the base of the GIAHS programme through Monitoring/Evaluation modalities Broaden the GIAHS programme with new approaches such as twinning, South-South cooperation, 21

23 Future development Provide GIAHS with a formal status in FAO through a Conference Resolution Increase the number of sites through umbrella programme - New global project, national project, South-South corporation, twining of sites and assistance to self-finance sites Strengthen coordination capacity - Multidisciplinary approach, Socio-economic analysis of GIAHS, communication Collaboration with Forestry, Fisheries, other technical units and regions - Establishment of Inter-departmental task force Active collaboration among sites - Promoting the twinning of GIAHS sites between developed and developing countries declared in Noto Communique Innovative partnership: Collaboration with donors, other international instruments and programme - New participating countries, UNESCO, CBD, ICCROM, ITPGRFA, Slow Food, International Year of Family Farming etc. 22

24 Future development (GIAHS Umbrella Programme) 23

25 Strengthened Partnerships Participating countries Algeria, Chile, China, India, Japan, Kenya, Korea, Morocco, Peru, Philippines, Tanzania, Tunisia, Turkey, Oman, UAE, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Azerbaijan, Colombia, Thailand, Mongolia, Iran, Bangladesh, Bolivia, Guatemala, Uruguay, Cuba, etc. UN and other International Partners GEF, BMLEV, IFAD, ITPGRFA, UNESCO, CBD, CGIAR, ICCROM, IUCN, UNCCD, UNEP, UNU, ISESCO, IAM, University of California at Berkeley, University of Kent, University of Tuscia, Wageningen International, Roman Forum, Via Campensina, The Christensen Fund, Agrobiodiversity Platform, etc. 24

26 Enhance the collaboration Enhance FAO Comparative Advantage Multi-disciplinary approach (Multi-technical unit) Bottom-up approach Regional office coordination CPF Formal status Expand joining area Strengthen connectivity * The Country Programming Framework (CPF) is a tool used by FAO to define assistance needs of member countries. In China, Peru, Kenya etc., GIAHS is described in their CPF. 25

27 Objectives of this meeting Based on the experience of the current projects, an increase of GIAHS sites, and FAO Initiative to strengthen the GIAHS programme, how to create innovative partnerships and expand collaborations to enhance the GIAHS Initiative in the future 26

28 Thank You!

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