Vineyard Weed Control

Transcription

1 Vineyard Weed Control Wayne Mitchem, Andrew MacRae, and David Monks Orchard and Vineyard Floor Management N.C. State Univ., Clemson Univ., and Univ. of GA, Cooperating Dept. of Horticultural Science N.C. State University Fletcher, NC

2 The competitive advantage improves with time!

3 Node Interval (inches) R 2 = 0.44 Node Interval Quadratic Relationship Node Interval = (WAP) (WAP) Weeks Weed-free After Planting

4 mm R 2 = 0.57 VCSA Quadratic Relationship VCSA = (WAP) (WAP) Weeks Weed-free After Planting

5 Grape Vine Vigor a 94 ab 95 ab 93 ab 80 c 58 c 16 d Weeks Weed-free after Planting LSD (0.05) = 14

6 0 WWF 4 WWF 8 WWF 12 WWF

7 Weed Control Program Delayed PRE Late winter/early spring NS-POST herbicide Late Spring PRE herbicide(s) NS-POST

8 Weed Control Program Fall/Spring Split Fall (post harvest) PRE herbicide NS-POST herbicide Late Spring PRE herbicide(s) NS-POST herbicide

9 PRE Newly Planted Vineyards Surflan Allow soil to settle after transplanting Prowl (non-bearing only) Dormant application after soil has settled DO NOT apply within 1 year of harvest PPI option prior to transplanting Goal Newly planted vines must be on trellis Apply once soil settles after transplanting

10 PRE for Established Vineyards Solicam Vines established 2 years Whitening in leaf vines in coarse textured soils Karmex and Simazine Vines established 3 years

11 POST Herbicides Rely Sucker control; Apply to suckers <12, repeat application if necessary Shield young vines Glyphosate DO NOT apply on first year plantings Surfactant for some formulations DO NOT apply after June. Paraquat Avoid it s use in backpack Shield young vines

12 Graminicides, What s the Difference? Poast Excellent annual grass weed control Good perennial grass weed control Fusilade Excellent perennial grass weed control Good annual grass weed control DO NOT apply within 1 year of harvest Select Excellent annual and perennial grass weed control DO NOT apply within 1 year of harvest

13 Tank Mixing Power Simazine 2 qt/acre Simazine 2 qt/acre + Surflan 2 qt/acre

14 When is Milestone going to be available? Who Knows!

15 Rely Alone Rely + Milestone Milestone continues to look good in newly planted vineyards

16 Weed Control with Milestone August 14 % White Annual Herbicide Rate Timing BG Clover Grasses Milestone 15 oz L. Spring 77 b 63 b 95 ab Milestone 5 oz fb 5 oz Spring fb Summer 92 a 96 a 98 ab Milestone 7.5 oz fb 5 oz Spring fb Summer 94 a 94 a 100 a Sim+Surf 2 qt L. Spring 58 c 33 c 95 ab Spring - March 14; L. Spring - May 11; Summer - July 8

17 Chateau Herbicide Flumioxazin Chateau or Valor PRE and POST control Palmer amaranth Florida pusley Morningglory Large crabgrass Fall panicum

18 Bare Ground with Flumioxazin Lincoln County % Bare Ground # 80* Aug Treatments 0.25 lb DPRE 0.38 lb DPRE 0.5 lb DPRE 0.75 lb DPRE 0.75 lb SPLIT MS DPRE

19 Chateau 1.5 pt/a DP May 15th Application August 15

20 Weed Management Considerations for Southeast Vineyards W.E. Mitchem and D.W. Monks

21 Considerations for Optimizing Herbicide Performance Tank mix PRE herbicides Herbicide rotation PRE herbicide timing Timely POST applications Growth stage Weed height Sequential applications Control escaped weeds

22 1941 Farmall M

23 Add Longevity to your herbicide program of choice.... Rotate Herbicides!

24 Competition in young vineyards reduces growth and survivability.

25 Herbicide Options PRE Casoron* Devrinol* Diuron Gallery* Goal* Prowl* Simazine Solicam Surflan* POST Basagran Fusilade, Poast, Select Glyphosate Paraquat Rely

26 Grow tubes protect young vines from POST herbicide injury.

27 Milestone Azafenidin MOA Inhibits porphyrin biosynthetic pathway Cell membrane disruption Influencing Factors Soil texture and OM; no effect Rainfall for activation Formulation 80% WDG

28 Large Crabgrass Control with Flumioxazin Lincoln County % Bare Ground * Aug Treatments 0.25 lb DPRE 0.38 lb DPRE 0.5 lb DPRE 0.75 lb DPRE 0.75 SPLIT MS DPRE

29 % Bare Ground Common Lambsquarters Control 88 with Flumioxazin 95 Lincoln County 98 Aug Treatments 0.25 lb DPRE 0.38 lb DPRE 0.5 lb DPRE 0.75 lb DPRE 0.75 SPLIT MS DPRE

30 Weed Control with Milestone Herbicide Rate Applic. Time % Bare Ground Spotted Spruge Pigweed Sim Sim 2 qt 2 qt Fall E. Sum 23 bcd 13 cde 39 de MS MS 7.5 oz 7.5 oz Fall E. Sum 92 a 95 a 98 ab Sim Sim + Sol 2 qt 2 qt lb Spring Summer 78 a 80 ab 88 ab MS MS 7.5 oz 7.5 oz Spring Summer 96 a 100 a 100 a Sim 4 qt Spring 21 cd 35 c 35 e MS 15 oz Spring 76 a 90 a 94 a

31 Is Weed Control Important? Competition Water Nutrients Radiant Heating Aesthetic

32 Common Ragweed Control with Flumioxazin Lincoln County Treatments % Bare Ground lb DPRE 0.38 lb DPRE 0.5 lb DPRE 0.75 lb DPRE 0.75 SPLIT MS DPRE 97 Aug-09-01

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34 Weed Control with Milestone Herbicide Rate Applic. Time Common Ragweed Common Lambsqtr Annual Grass Sim Sim 2 qt 2 qt Fall E. Sum 98 a 93 a 46 c MS MS 7.5 oz 7.5 oz Fall E. Sum 100 a 100 a 96 ab Sim Sim + Sol 2 qt 2 qt lb Spring Summer 100 a 96 a 96 ab MS MS 7.5 oz 7.5 oz Spring Summer 100 a 100 a 100 a Sim 4 qt Spring 83 a 95 a 60 bc MS 15 oz Spring 100a 100 a 91 ab

35 Weed Control with Milestone Herbicide Rate Timing Crop Injury DIGSA 6 WK DIGSA 12 WK Milestone 5 oz March * Milestone 7.5 oz March * Milestone 10 oz March Milestone 15 oz March Sim + Surf 2 qt March 0 90* 27**

36 Contact Information Wayne Mitchem Mobile Phone: (704) Office/Fax: (704)

37 Karmex 3 lb DP MS 5 oz SP + SU MS 7.5 oz SP + 5 oz SU Milestone vs. Karmex