Current Status of Biotechnology and Biosafety Capacity in Indonesia

Transcription

1 Current Status of Biotechnology and Biosafety Capacity in Indonesia Bambang Purwantara SEAMEO BIOTROP Indonesian Society for Agricultural Biotechnology Indonesian Biotechnology Information Centre Fifth Asian Biotechnology and Development Conference Kandy Srilanka, December 2010

2 Fifth Asian Biotechnology and Development Conference Kandy Srilanka, December 2010

3 Outline : Agriculture and Indonesian economy Modern biotechnology in Indonesian agriculture Biosafety regulation and capacity building in Indonesia Prospects of biotechnology R&D and application in Indonesia

4 The Indonesian Economy at glance Population: 240 million (2010, unofficial), pop growth: 1.5% Total GDP 2009: Rp 5,613 billion, economic growth: 4.5% Total Area: 1,919 million km2, over 17 thousand islands Structure of the Economy: Share to the GDP (%) Agriculture 16.7 (1996), 15.3 (2009) Industry 43.5 (1996), 45.8 (2009) Service 39.9 (1996), 38.9 (2009) Employment: million (Feb 2010), Unemployment: 7.41% Employment Distribution (%) Agriculture 40.0 Industry (Manufacturing) 16.7 Service (Others) 43.3 Source: Arifin (2010)

5 Indonesian Economy Triple-Tracks Strategy (pro-growth, pro-employment, pro-poor) Improvement of investment system and export to support economic growth > 6.5%/year; To increase capacity of industry to absorb more working force; Revitalization of agricultural sector and rural economy to strengthen food security and poverty alleviation.

6 Challenges of agriculture sector in Indonesia To feed high population with slightly high population growth, Still high poverty rate and unemployment, low purchasing power of agricultural products Constrains to increase agricultural production Limitation of land due to industry, housing, mining, Land available for development (marginal), Increase of variety of diseases and pests, Climate change to limit environmental basis, Low genetic quality of most crop seeds.

7 Production of various main food crops ( ) Source : Department of Agriculture (2008)

8 Agro-biotechnology research and development in Indonesia Currently, a number of public research institutions are engaged in research in agro-biotechnology in food crops and estate crops The major players in agriculture biotechnology researches are the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICA-BIOGRAD), Bogor Agricultural University (IPB), Biotechnology Research Unit for Estate Crop (BRUEC), Indonesian Sugar Research Institute (ISRI). A limited number of private companies dealing with food crops and feed industry

9 Molecular marker techniques Rice leaf blight resistant (Code & Angke) Rice blast resistant (GH) Rice drought tolerant (GH) Adopted by Sanghyang Sri (A government owned seed company)

10 ICABIOGRAD The essence of biodiversity (2) Rice (pest and disease resistant) PTPN XI Sugarcane drought Rice (efficient on the N2 utilization) tolerant Soybean (pest rersistant) Sugarcane high sugar Papaya (late ripening) concentration Sweet potato (pest and virus resistant) Corn and peanut Tomato, potato Universities Bogor Agricultural University Bandung Institute of Technology Jember University Brawijaya University Udayana University LIPI Rice (pest and disease resistant) Rice (drought resistant)

11

12 Confinement Facility Tests M Herman (2010)

13 LBR Potato confined field trial at Pasirsarongge (77 days after planting) M Herman (2010)

14 LBR Potato confined field trial (Lembang, 2009) Herman (2010)

15 Monitoring of CFT

16 Transgenic crop and enzyme with various level of biosafety approval

17 Biosafety Assessment Recent Status Transgenic Sugarcane drought tolerant Biosafety recommendation (Request approval by MoE) Transgenic Corn PRG NK603 Technical team meeting for Biosafety assessment Transgenic Sugarcane high sugar concentration Assessment at CFT dan FT Transgenic corn MON89034 Assessment at CFT Transgenic corn TC1507 Assessment at CFT

18 Food safety Assessment Recent Status Bt-Corn NK603 Food safety recommendation by Biosafety Commission Bt-Corn MON89034 Food safety recommendation by Biosafety Commission

19 Food safety Assessment Recent Status Key Stakeholders and and Influential Parties in Agro-biotechnology Bt-Corn GA21 and BT11 Soybean GTS and MON Farmers : broad range of knowledge (basically are limited) on GM technology, Bt-Corn MIR604 and MIR Government as regulators: lack of commitments, lack of coordination consequently Sugarcane lead to lack Drought of regulatory tolerant systems. 3. Private sector Soybean (seed GTS4032 provider): eager to develop transgenic, but limit by weaknesses on regulatory system, good corporate governance. 4. Private sector (food industry): importing GM seed for food (in absence of food/feed safety approval). (All at Technical Team Evaluation stage) 5. NGO opposing GMO : critics more addresses to MNC, poor on evidence. 6. Media : basically neutral, limited issues since there were no GM products in the market.

20 Attended by 36 journalists from Indonesian newspapers and magazines and also electronic media as well as various prominent biotech scientists and academe. Awarding for Journalist Biotech Writing Competition Jakarta March 12, 2009

21

22

23 GUIDELINES: What we need Revise the Guideline for Environment Safety Assessment Finalize the Guideline for Feed Safety Assessment Finalize the Guideline for R&D of GEP in the Laboratory, Biosafety Containment, and Confined Field Develop a Guideline for Monitoring and Risk Management

24 What we need REGULATORY BODIES and FACILITIES Knowledge Improvement of Technical Team through biosafety training on Future GEP Improvement of biosafety facilities (environment, food, and feed safety)

25 Recommendations (and further studies) 1. To support more inter disciplines and inter ministry discussion with certain focus for better understanding on transgenic agricultural products. 2. To facilitate more inclusion of local government as central player of political and economical system (decentralization and autonomy of provinces and districts) 3. To speed up the produce a complete set of regulatory system (law, regulation, decree, guideline, procedure) to convince both developers and opponents that the GM assessments are on the tract. 4. To facilitate research in public policy and socio-economic of the real benefit of GM crops (medium and long run settings). 5. To assure that biotechnology and biodiversity is not in contrary but can be run side by side in harmony or even boost each other.

26 Thank You Danyabad- Kob-khun-krab - Syukron Malaming Salamat Cám ơn Komapsumnida -Xie xie Terima kasih SINHALESE d