Ghana: Middle Income by Name

Transcription

1 Ghana: Middle Income by Name Ghana s Lower Middle Income Status: Implications for Sustainable Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) but Not in WASH Practice Services Delivery Prof. Chris Gordon Director Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies 03 October 2017 Theme Address: MOLE XXVIII Conference on Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH)

2 Outline of Presentation SDGs and Context Setting What is a Lower- Middle Income Country? Reflections on the Conference Sub- Themes Year Domestic Water Req. (million m 3 ) , , , , , , , ,006.97

3 UN SDGs can be met President Akufo-Addo The President of the Republic, Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo, has reiterated the commitment of his government towards the industrial transformation of the country s economy, the diversification of agriculture and an increase in agricultural productivity, and the creation of a strong social services sector in Ghana. The President made this known on Friday, 9 th June, 2017, when he called on His Excellency Mr Peter Thomson, President of the 71 st Session of the UN General Assembly, at the UN building in New York, USA. Source: Ghana Myjoyonline.com Date: Time: 08:06:27:am

4 Goal 6: Clean Water and Sanitation But also Goal 1, 2, 3, etc etc

5 SDGs AND the LINKS between the SDGs

6 We are in a State of Denial.

7 years Later???

8 Poor Water

9 Sewerage Sanitation

10 What is a Lower - Middle Income Country? Each year on July 1, the analytical classification of the world's economies based on estimates of gross national income (GNI) per capita for the previous year is revised. As of 1 July 2016, (defined as those economies with a GNI per capita) of: $1,025 or less Low-income; $1,026 and $4,035 Lower middle-income $4,036 and $12,475 Upper middle-income $12,476 or more High-income

11 Where are the Lower-Middle Income Countries?

12 GDP Per Capita : Comparison of Ghana with other African Lower Middle Income Countries COUNTRY Ave Ave % Change Sudan Nigeria Ghana Kenya Egypt Zambia Mauritania Côte d Ivoire Cape Verde Morocco Lesotho Swaziland Cameroon Congo Republic Tunisia

13 Ghana and WASH In Upper East region, 89% of the population practice Open Defecation (highest rate in Ghana) and only 3% use unshared improved sanitation facilities. Nationally, on average 22.9% of people in Ghana do not have access to ANY sanitation facility (open defecation) and only 15% use improved unshared sanitation facilities. (UNICEF-Ghana) Poor sanitation costs Ghana 1,300,000,000 Cedis each year, equivalent to US $290 million. This sum is the equivalent of US $12 per person in Ghana per year or 1.6% of the national GDP. Source: Water and Sanitation Program (WSP)

14 Conference Sub-Themes Opportunities for Private Sector Participation Sustainable WASH Alternate Financing Mechanisms Responding to Equity and Vulnerability Concerns Institutional and Policy Reforms Policy and Advocacy

15 Opportunities for Private Sector Participation see the opportunities and available technologies and financial resources to propel the water sector business development. provide an interactive platform for industry players and related organizations to network and exchange information. learn about the emerging global trends and new innovations in water based industries. promote domestic production of plants, equipment, chemicals and parts for the water sector.

16 Alternate Financing Mechanisms Public / private mix / community-based Raising finances (revenue collection, risk pooling) Methods of purchasing and paying Sanitation providers Pay as You Go Financial Inclusion etoilet Solar Powered, Card Access,

17 Policy and Advocacy Advocacy: Seeking with, and on behalf of, the poor to address underlying causes of poverty, bring justice and support good development through influencing the policies and practices of the powerful. Source: Tearfund Advocacy Toolkit: Understanding Advocacy Evidence Based Policy Where is the data? Why do we still have to use estimates in child mortality? Basic Sanitation Information System (BaSIS) BaSIS CLTS data management tool for districts.

18 Responding to Equity and Vulnerability Concerns Disadvantaged Groups 1. Poor populations 2. People living in slums or informal settlements 3. Remote populations 4. Displaced persons 5. Ethnic minorities 6. People living with disabilities Blind Woman fetching water in Northern Ghana

19 The Triple Helix Model to deal with Challenges Expectation Research Excellence Strategic Value of Science Academia Talent Government Community Benefits Technology Capital Market Need Value-Added Tech-Transfer and Businesses Industry Know How Requires Partnerships for Funding Expectation Pathway to Commercial, or other application Strategic Value of Research Results Recommended in Application Instructions and Trade Fairs

20 Institute for Environment and Sanitation Studies Publication Themes Word Map based on publications by Research Fellows (2013 to 2016) (33 in 2016; > 3 per Researcher)

21 Conclusion Middle Income Status should not be measured just by economic terms We need to exhibit Middle Income, values attitudes and behaviour, for Ghana to Achieve the SDGs and Accra will never become the Cleanest City in Africa The Role of MOLE as a Knowledge Broker in WASH must be enhanced Open Defecation is a disgrace to the Nation and every child that dies of avoidable WASH related disease is an indictment on us.

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