State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Programme (SAIDP) Plan under Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)

Transcription

1 GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH Department of Agriculture State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Programme (SAIDP) Plan under Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) PROJECT REPORT ÉÉEÞò+xÉÖ{É - úé¹]åõòªé EÞòÊ¹É +xéöºéævééxé É ÉÆvÉ +EòÉnù ÉÒ úévéäxpùxémé ú, ½èþnù úé ÉÉnù , iéä±éæmééhé, ÉÉ úié ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management (ISO 9001:2008 Certified) Rajendranagar, Hyderabad , Telangana, India

2 GOVERNMENT OF ANDHRA PRADESH Department of Agriculture State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Programme (SAIDP) Plan under Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) for XII Plan PROJECT TEAM Dr. K. Kareemulla Principal Scientist & Principal Investigator Dr. S. Ravichandran Principal Scientist & Co-Principal Investigator and Dr. R. Parvathi Devi Senior Research Fellow ÉÉEÞò+xÉÖ{É - úé¹]åõòªé EÞòÊ¹É +xéöºéævééxé É ÉÆvÉ +EòÉnù ÉÒ úévéäxpùxémé ú, ½èþnù úé ÉÉnù , iéä±éæmééhé, ÉÉ úié ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management (ISO 9001:2008 Certified) Rajendranagar, Hyderabad , Telangana, India

3 State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan Andhra Pradesh i

4 CONTENTS S. No. Title Page No. 1. Introduction 1 2. General profile of the State 3 3. Agricultural profile of the State Present status of Infrastructure for Agriculture development RKVY assisted infrastructure during Proposed Infrastructure development during Issues and Strategies for Infrastructure Development Conclusions and Recommendations 63 ii

5 1. Introduction Agricultural development of a region is determined by the level of infrastructural status supporting the agriculture sector. A reasonable level of infrastructure that caters to the focused and overall progress of agriculture and allied sectors is inevitable. Therefore, it is apt that under the Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY), support for augmenting the same is planned since the inception of the Scheme in year 2007 and more emphatically in the XII Five Year plan. In order to plan for the development of the infrastructure, it is a pre-requisite to take stock of the general economy of the district and the agriculture sector s status. The RKVY scheme of the Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC), Ministry of Agriculture was started in the XI plan period with full Central grants across states. Projects focused in the XII plan are for crop development, horticulture, agricultural mechanization, natural resource management, marketing and post-harvest management, animal husbandry, dairy development, fisheries, extension etc. About 5768 projects were implemented with an expenditure of Rs cr under RKVY. Thus, agriculture got a fillip and could achieve a growth rate of 3.64 per cent/ yr during XI plan compared to 2.46 per cent in the X plan period. In order to continue the momentum and also give fillip to the infrastructure development, the RKVY scheme came up with a separate focus on infrastructure and brought out the Operational guidelines. Accordingly the states were advised to come up with two separate set of plans - Comprehensive District Agricultural Plans (CDAP) and State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plans (SAIDP). The SAIDP plan preparation was initiated with twin objectives viz. District level plans encompassing plans for all the agriculture and allied sectors with overall development and the other was the State (Andhra Pradesh) plan as a whole (sector specific plans in that). The district plans were prepared by involving stakeholders (line department officials, farmers, NGOs and private companies etc.) and by field visits to existing and potential sites. On the other hand, the state level sectoral plans were prepared by involving the state level line department functionaries and other stakeholders. Of course the state (sectoral) plan is a compilation of district plans across sectors. The State Agriculture Infrastructure Development Plan report comprises of the following sections: 1

6 General Profile of the State Agricultural Profile Agricultural Infrastructure Status Infrastructure Developed in the first 3 years of XII Five year Plan Proposed Infrastructure Development Strategies Proposed for Agricultural Infrastructure Development Conclusions and recommendations 2

7 2. General profile of the State 2.1. Introduction The present state of Andhra Pradesh is the remainder of the state of undivided Andhra Pradesh after bifurcation in 2014 with the jurisdiction of nine Coastal Andhra and four Rayalaseema districts. The original/undivided state of Andhra Pradesh was first among the states to be formed on linguistic basis on 1 st November The newly formed residuary state of Andhra Pradesh took its birth on 2 nd June The state has certain geographical advantages which will be handy for it to rise to the expectations of the population. The state is also endowed with natural resources such as minerals, forests, agricultural diversity among others. The state is primarily dependent on agriculture as vast areas of land is committed to this sector besides dependence on allied sectors such as animal husbandry, fisheries and sericulture among others. The states map with district boundaries and their bordering states is given in fig 1. The state has 13 districts, 42 revenue divisions and 666 mandals. The map indicating the mandal boundaries is in fig 2. Fig 1. Andhra Pradesh map 3

8 Fig 2. Andhra Pradesh with mandal boundaries 2.2. Land use status The state has a total geographical area of km 2 area. Of this most of the area is in agricultural use (48 %). The next major use is forests (21 %). Waste lands covered 9.8 per cent of the state s area. The water bodies occupy another six percent while the built up area accounted for three per cent of the geographical area (fig 3 & Table 1). The river basins and location of water bodies is marked in fig 4. 4

9 Fig 3. Land use map of Andhra Pradesh Table 1. Major land uses in Andhra Pradesh,

10 2.3. Ground water status Fig 4. Andhra Pradesh river basins and water bodies Fig 5. Ground water status in Andhra Pradesh 6

11 The state of Andhra Pradesh has relatively moderate level of ground water status with 561 (84 %) of mandals falling in the safe category. Whereas 46 mandals (7 %) are classified as semi critical, 12 mandals as critical (2 %) and remaining 45 mandals (7 %) are over exploited (Fig 5 & Table 2). Table 2. Groundwater Status in Andhra Pradesh No. of Mandals S. No. District Safe Semi critical Critical over exploited Total 1 Anantapuramu Cuddapah Vizianagaram Srikakulam Chittoor Visakhapatnam Nellore Prakasam West Godavari Krishna Kurnool Guntur East Godavari AP Source: Dynamic Ground Water Resources of India, CGWB (2009) 2.4. Demographic features Andhra Pradesh had a total population of 4.94 crores as per 2011 census. The population of scheduled castes and scheduled tribes together accounted for per cent. The rural population in the district accounted for 70 per cent. The literacy rate accounted for 67.4 per cent (Table 3). Table 3. Population of Andhra Pradesh, 2011 S. No. Particulars Value 1 Total Population Males Females Population of SC Population of ST Rural Population Urban population Literates Literacy (%) Sex Ratio 996 7

12 2.5. Workforce Andhra Pradesh had 47 per cent of its population as workers as per 2011 census. Of these 84 per cent were main workers. Within the main workers 47 per cent were agriculture labour while 34 per cent were farmers (Table 4). Table 4. Workforce details in Andhra Pradesh, 2011 S. No. Particulars Value 1 Total workers % Workers to population 47 3 Main workers % main workers 84 5 Agriculture labour % agriculture labours to main workers 47 7 Farmers % farmers to main workers Gross State Domestic Product and Per Capita Income The Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) increased from Rs to during the period to at constant prices with an a compound annual growth rate of 7.25 per cent (Fig 6). The sector wise GSDP breakup indicates that agriculture contributed 23 per cent during while services topped with 55 per cent (Fig 7). Within agriculture sector subsectors like agriculture (field and horticulture crops contributed 49 per cent followed by livestock and fisheries with 25 and 21 per cent respectively (Fig 8). The district wise range of contributions by sub sectors of agriculture are indicated in figures The per capita income of Andhra Pradesh increased from Rs in to Rs during (Fig 12). Fig 6. GSDP Andhra Pradesh 8

13 9

14 Fig 9. Share of Agriculture in GSDP Agriculture Fig 10. Share of livestock in GSDP Agriculture 10

15 Fig 11. Share of fisheries in GSDP Agriculture 11

16 3. Agricultural Profile of the State 3.1. Climate 3.1.1Rainfall The normal rainfall of Andhra Pradesh is 860 mm with higher rainfall in coastal region (1094 mm) and lower rainfall in Rayalaseema (680 mm). The rainfall variation (annual and SW monsoon) across the State are indicated in the maps (fig. 13 & 14). Fig 13. Annual Rainfall 12

17 Fig 14. South West Monsoon Temperature The temperature range (minimum and maximum) are indicated in maps (fig 15 & 16) Fig 15. Minimum Temperature in AP 13

18 Fig 16. Maximum Temperature in AP Drought Incidence The Meteorological drought frequency analysis indicates that it was higher with more than 40 per cent in about 30 mandals of the state. Most of these mandals happen to be in the Rayalaseema region (fig. 17). Similarly the frequency of drought (no. of years during the period ) was higher in districts like Anantapuramuamu, and Kadapa (fig. 18). The hydrological drought frequency is indicated in figures 19 and 20, which is also higher in Rayalaseema region. The agricultural drought frequency is depicted in figures 21 and 22 which is the highest in Rayalaseema followed by some other parts of the state. The prioritization of mandals based on drought frequency is depicted in figure

19 Fig.17. Meteorological Drought Frequency Fig.18. District wise Meteorological Drought Frequency 15

20 Fig.19. Hydrological Drought Frequency Fig 20. District Wise Hydrological Drought Frequency 16

21 Fig 21. Agriculture Drought Frequency Fig 22. District wise agriculture drought frequency 17

22 Fig 23. Prioritization of mandals based on Drought Proneness Incidence of storms The frequency of occurrence of storms in the districts that are prone to storms often is presented in figure 24. Krishna and Visakhapatnam districts are highly prone to different types of storms. Fig 24. District Wise Frequency of Various Storms (From 1891 to April, 2014) 18

23 3.2. Soils The different kinds of soils of Andhra Pradesh are depicted in figure 24. The state is mostly having loamy to clayey skeletal deep reddish brown soils followed by gravelly clayey moderately deep desert soils. Fig 25. Soil types of Andhra Pradesh 19

24 3.3. Agrarian Structure The category wise number and area of operational holdings of the state are given in table 5. In terms of number of holdings the marginal and small farmers accounted for 86 per cent. These two categories of farmers together owned 55 per cent of agricultural land in the state. The average landholding size of the state was 1.08 ha. Table 5. Landholding pattern of Andhra Pradesh, Holdings Area S. No Category No. % Area ha % Average landholding size (ha) 1 Marginal (up to 1.0 ha) Small ( ha) Medium ( ha) Large (above 10.0 ha) Total Source: Major Crops and Production The net sown area in Andhra Pradesh during was 6.7 million ha, while the gross cropped area was 8.6 million ha. Thus the cropping intensity works out to 130 per cent. Rice is the predominant crop of the state with 32 per cent followed by ground nut and cotton with 16.5 and 4.5 per cent respectively (Table 6). The regional dominance of major crops is depicted in figure 26 (a-l). The trend of food grains area and production during to is given in figure 27. Table 6. Major crops area, production and productivity in Andhra Pradesh, Crop Area Production ('000 t) Yield Rice Maize Cereals & Millets Pulses Food Grains Ground Nut Oil Seeds Vegetables Fruits Cotton Fodder Crops Net Sown area Gross Cropped Area

25 (a) % of area under Rice to Gross cropped area (b) % of area under Maize to Gross cropped area (c) % of area under Cereals & Millets to Gross cropped area (d) % of area under Pulses to Gross cropped area (e) % of area under Food Grains to Gross cropped area (f) % of area under Ground nut to Gross cropped area 21

26 (g) % of area under Oil seeds to Gross cropped area (h) % of area under Vegetables to Gross cropped area (i) % of area under Fruits to Gross cropped area (j) % of area under Cotton to Gross cropped area (K) % of area under Fodder Crops to Gross cropped area (l) Gross Cropped Area to Net Area Sown Fig 26. Percent of area under crops to gross cropped area 22

27 3.5. Irrigation Fig 27. Food grains area (Lakh ha) and production (Lakh t) in AP The irrigated area in the state is ha which works out to almost 53 per cent of the cultivated area. Canals are the major source of irrigation (48 %) followed by bore wells (38 %) and tanks (11 %) (Table 7). The source wise dominance of irrigation is depicted in figures 28 (a,b,c). Table 7. Sources of Irrigation in Andhra Pradesh, Source Area irrigated (ha) % Area Canal Tank Bore wells others Total (a) % Canal irrigated area to total gross area irrigated 23

28 (b) % of Tank irrigated area to Total gross area irrigated (c) % of Groundwater irrigated area to Total gross area irrigated Fig 28. Per cent of irrigated area to total gross area 3.6. Livestock Livestock is the most prominent allied sector in the state. The state has a total livestock of 32 million, of which sheep alone accounts for 39 per cent while buffaloes and cattle account for 25 and 21 per cent, respectively. The state s share in India s livestock was six per cent as per 2012 census. In terms of adult cattle units the state has 19.5 million livestock (Table 8). 24

29 Table 8. Livestock population (in thousands) in Andhra Pradesh, 2012 Livestock India s livestock population State s livestock Population % population % to India s population Livestock population in ACU Cattle Buffaloes Sheep Goat Total Source: Andhra Pradesh PLP, (Note: 1 buffalo = 1.2 Adult Cattle Unit (ACU), 1 cattle = 1 ACU, 1 goat = 0.2 ACU, 1 sheep = 0.2 ACU) Table 9. Livestock production in Andhra Pradesh, Product Production Andhra Pradesh State s position in India Milk (t) Second Egg (Lakh no.) First Meat (t) Second Source: Fisheries Fisheries sector in state is endowed with both inland and water bodies/ streams and a long coastline. The fish landing centres (271) facilitating marine fisheries and about fishermen families and other supporting persons are encouraging marine and inland fisheries (Table 10). Table 10. Basic fisheries data in Andhra Pradesh Particulars Number Landing centres 271 Fishing villages 498 Fishermen families Active fishermen Marketing of fish Making/ Repairing net Curing/ Processing Peeling 2996 Labourers Others 7942 Other than fishing 8727 Total occupied Source: 25

30 The fish production in the state was almost two million tonnes during which has been gradually increasing at an average of over 12 per cent (Table 11). Inland fisheries accounted for almost two-thirds of the fisheries production in the state during , while marine fisheries accounted for 21 per cent. Table 11. Fish production in Andhra Pradesh (in tonnes) Year Marine Fish Marine Shrimp Brackish Water Shrimp Inland fish Fresh Water Prawn Total Forestry The forest area accounts for 22 per cent of the geographical area of the state. Of this forest area majority is in moderately dense forest (37 %) followed by open forest (35 %) and scrub forests (28 %). The forest vegetation map of Andhra Pradesh is given below: Fig 29. Forest vegetation map of Andhra Pradesh 26

31 4. Present Status of Infrastructure for Agriculture Development The present status of infrastructure for agriculture and allied sectors in Andhra Pradesh as of March 2015 are presented and discussed in this section General Infrastructure The general infrastructure that facilitates smooth growth of agriculture and allied sectors in the state with variations across the districts is presented in table 12. The road length is the highest in Anantapuramu followed by Visakhapatnam district. Chittoor district has the highest number of market yards (APMCs). The Milk Chilling/ Cooling/ Processing units are the highest in Visakhapatnam (175) followed by Chittoor (128). In terms of agro processing units Anantapuramu district has the highest number (3214). 27

32 Table 12. General Infrastructure in Andhra Pradesh, Road length Railway length Villages with post offices villages with banking facilities Fertilizer/Seed/Pesticide outlets Tractors Sl. No. Districts 1 Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool Nellore Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari State Power Trillers Threshers/Cutters APMCs Food/ rice/ flour/ dal/ oil/ tea/ coffee mills Sugarcane (gur/ Khandaasari/ Sugar) Cotton (ginning/ spinning/ weaving) units Milk (Chilling/ Cooling/ processing)` Animal Feed 28

33 4.2. Sector-wise Infrastructure Agriculture The infrastructure available for agriculture sector across the districts in the state of Andhra Pradesh are presented in table 13. Almost all the districts have soil testing laboratories except Kurnool, Nellore and vizianagaram. Seed farms are there in eight out of 13 districts. Custom hiring centres have been setup in 11 out of 13 districts. Districts namely Chittoor, Kadapa, Kurnool have ATMA infrastructure. Table 13. Infrastructure Available for Agriculture Sector in the State S.no District Labs for production of bio-control agents State Pesticide Testing Labs Setting up of new soil testing laboratories Soil test laboratories Fertilizer Quality Control Laboratories (FQCLs) Bio fertilizer Production Units Seed Testing Labs Seed Processing Facilities Seed Multiplication Farms Custom Hiring Centres for Agricultural Equipment Agriculture Machines Testing Centres Fruit/Vegetables waste, compost production units ATMA Infrastructure State Pesticide Residue Testing Labs Seed Treatment drums & chemicals Seed Storage Godowns including Dehumidifies Refrigerated Seed Storage Godowns Seed Certification Agencies and Certification Infrastructure Kisan Call Centres 1 Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool Nellore 0 9 Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari State

34 Horticulture The various types of horticulture infrastructure across the districts of Andhra Pradesh are presented in table 14. Depending on the focus and thrust in horticulture development across the districts the available infrastructure is limited to that extent. The basic requirement of horticulture development the nursery for planting material. There are more than 300 large nurseries across the state with highest number in East Godavari district. Table 14. Infrastructure Available for Horticulture Sector in the State S. No District Green House/Poly House Structures Shade net House Structures Plastic crates Permanent pendals Farm fresh vegetables on wheels Nurseries (open/ controlled conditions) Tissue Culture Labs Vermi Compost Units Ripening/Cur ing chamber Primary/mini mal processing units Permanent pendal Trelis 1 Anantapuramu 2 2 Chittoor 3 East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna 7 Kurnool Nellore Prakasam 10 Srikakulam Visakhapatnam 12 Vizianagaram 13 West Godavari 1 State

35 Animal husbandry and dairy The infrastructure available for animal husbandry and dairy sectors across the districts of Andhra Pradesh are presented in table 15. There are almost 2000 veterinary hospitals of various types in the one hospital for every livestock. For the dairy sector there are over 6000 milk collection centres and another 3800 milk parlours. Table 15. Infrastructure Available for Animal Husbandry & Dairy Sector in the State S. No District Semen collection and Artificial Insemination(AI) Units/ Production Center Dispensaries/Hospitals for Treatment of Animals Diagnosis Labs, including Mobile Units Cold Chain for storing and transportation of frozen semen Modernization of animal slaughter houses Vaccine Production Unit Markets for livestock (physical place/ market yard)- large ruminants Markets for livestock (physical place/ market yard)- small ruminants Markets for livestock (physical place/ market yard)- mixed (for both large & small ruminants Breeding farm Milk collection centres and Infrastructure Milk parlor/milk booth Markets for livestock products - meat animals: large ruminants Markets for livestock products - meat animals: small ruminants Markets for livestock products - meat animals: chicken Dairies Milking machines (Single/double bucket) Setting up of milk chilling/bulk milk cooling centres(bmc) along with automatic milk collection units (AMC) Setting up/modernization/strengthening of milk processing units Strengthening/expansion of cold storage facility for milk and milk products Insulated/refrigerated transport vehicles Lab facility in milk chilling/milk processing unit Setting/strengthening of ETP at milk chilling/milk processing unit: effluent treatment plants Insulated/refrigerated transport vehicles Milk Analyzer (VL) 1 Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool Nellore 31

36 9 Prakasam Srikakulam Data not provided 11 Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari State Fisheries The state of Andhra Pradesh has a coastal line of 974 km which is 12 per cent of India s coastal line. The state has 555 fishing villages and 353 landing centres (Table 16). The undivided Andhra Pradesh had water resources in the form of rivers and canals (11514 km), reservoirs (2.34 lakh ha), Tanks and ponds (5.17 lakh ha), Brackish water (0.60 lakh ha). Total water bodies area has been worked out to the 8.11 lakh ha. At least 60 per cent of these resources would be available in the residuary state of Andhra Pradesh. 32

37 Table 16. Infrastructure Available for Fisheries Sector in the State S.no District Fish Ponds/Reservoirs Marketing infrastructure 1 Fish Seed stoking under RKVY Revolving fund to MMGs Fiber fish mart Fish seed hatcheries Cold storage & ice plants Fish markets (Major & Minor) Mobile Transport/Refrigera ted vans BW Shrimp Ponds Shrimp Feed Plants Shrimp Seed Hatcheries Fresh water Fish Seed Hatcheries BW shrimp hatcheries Fish Seed Rearing Farms Fish Drying platforms Shore Based Facilities Proposed Modern Fish Markets Fish Stalls 1 Anantapuramu Chittoor 6 tanks 4 units 1 unit 3 East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool 8 Nellore 9 Prakasam 10 Srikakulam 8 11 Visakhapatnam 12 Vizianagaram West Godavari State Sericulture The residuary Andhra Pradesh state is likely to produce 1558 t of raw silk during which would be 16 per cent of India s production. The state occupies second position among the states in silk production next only to Karnataka. Mulberry silk is the dominant category in the state. 33

38 The sericulture is mainly confined to Anantapuramu and Chittoor districts besides a few pockets in the dry lands of other districts. The infrastructure related to the sector is given in table 17. Table 17. Infrastructure Available for Sericulture Sector in the State S.no District Crushing/ Reeling and Weaving & other Equipment On Farm Technical Service Centres (TSC- On farm) Seed cocoon markets Grainages Cocoon Markets Reeling Units Non-farm TSCs Training Centres / Units. Assistance to Farm Equipment Solar lighting to sheds Construction of rearing sheds Infrastructure improvement in Farm for chawkie worms Seed farms 1 Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool Nellore 9 Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram 13 West Godavari State

39 Micro Irrigation Andhra Pradesh stands first in terms of adoption of micro irrigation in the country. As per the data made available by eight of the 13 districts, there are drip and sprinkler irrigation systems in these districts. Among these districts Prakasam and Krishna districts had higher number of micro irrigation systems (Table 18). Table 18. Infrastructure Available for micro irrigation Sector in the State (no.) S.no District Sprinkler Drip irrigation irrigation systems systems 1 Anantapuramu Data not available 2 Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool Data not available 8 Nellore Data not available 9 Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Data not available 12 Vizianagaram Data not available 13 West Godavari 3397 State Soil and water conservation The undivided state of Andhra Pradesh has the distinction of implementing soil and water conservation measures through watershed development and also by setting up a District Water Management Agency. This is in addition to the efforts of soil conservation wing in the Department of Agriculture. The state had come out with innovations not only in the methods/ interventions but also in the implementation 35

40 processes. The information on the Soil and Water Conservation (SWC) has been provided by only three of the 13 districts. Districts such as Anantapuramu and Chittoor have implemented SWC both through watersheds and through the soil conservation wing of the department which were also the leading districts in the implementation of MGNREGS that also contributed to similar works have unfortunately not shared the information in this regard (Table 19). Table 19. Infrastructure Available for soil and water conservation Sector in the State S.no District Gully control measures Check dams Diversion drains Percolation & Minor Irrigation Tanks Farm Ponds Terracing Spill ways Protection walls Field bunds Reclamatio n of problem soils (Acid/ Alkail/ Saline/Ravi ne/water logged) Shallow Wells & Drug wells Tube wells (except in dark/grey/c ritical zone identified by central Ground water Board 1 Anantapuramu 2 Chittoor 3 East Godavari 4 Guntur Kadapa 6 Krishna 7 Kurnool Nellore 9 Prakasam Srikakulam 11 Visakhapatnam 12 Vizianagaram 13 West Godavari State

41 Marketing Andhra Pradesh has 166 agriculture markets (regulated) besides hundreds of weekly shandies. While the regulated markets focus mostly on food grains and to some extent on fruits and vegetables, the marketing in the shandies is revolved around vegetables. The other market infrastructure for agriculture commodities are mentioned in table 20. Table 20. Infrastructure Available for Marketing Sector in the State S.no District Fruit markets Vegetable markets/ Rythu Bazar Mixed (fruit/ vegetable) markets Agriculture Market Yards Cold storages and Godowns (APMC) Farmers Service Centres Food Grain Procurement Centres 1 Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa 12 6 Krishna 17 7 Kurnool 12 8 Nellore 11 9 Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam 8 12 Vizianagaram 9 13 West Godavari 17 State

42 Research The infrastructure available in the form of research stations of the agriculture and allied sectors indicate that the state has 92 such units. Of these the majority are with the agriculture university followed by Horticulture University. West and East Godavari districts together account for more than one-fourth of the research units in the state (Table 21). Table 21. Infrastructure Available for Research Sector in the State S.no District ANGRAU research centres KVKs ICAR Agri polytechnic SVVU- Livestock research centres APHU- Horticulture Research Stations Fisheries Research stations 1 Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool Nellore Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari State Regional Sericulture Research station 38

43 5. RKVY assisted infrastructure during The Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana is in operation in Andhra Pradesh since i.e., XI plan onwards. The scheme is continuing in XII plan also. The various infrastructure interventions carried out during , the first three years of XII plan in the 13 districts of Andhra Pradesh across the major sectors are presented and discussed in this section. First the district level infrastructure assisted is discussed followed by the state level component Districts components Agriculture Among the interventions carried out to augment infrastructure for core agriculture sector, the facilities for Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) accounted for the maximum budgetary share (48 %) followed by custom hiring centres for agriculture equipment (22 %). (Table 22). 39

44 Table 22. Infrastructure Assisted under RKVY during in Agriculture Expenditure in Lakhs S.no District Labs for production of bio-control agents Setting up of new Fertilizer Quality Control Laboratories (FQCLs) Bio fertilizer Production Units Seed Processing Facilities Seed multiplication farms Custom Hiring Centres for Agricultural Equipment Setting up of new soil testing laboratories Fruit/Vegetables waste, compost production units ATMA Infrastructure State Pesticide Testing Labs Seed testing labs State Pesticide residue Testing Labs Strengthening of existing FQCLs 1 Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa 43 6 Krishna Kurnool Nellore 9 Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari State

45 Horticulture Among the horticulture infrastructure supported by RKVY, shade nets accounted for 33 per cent followed by permanent pandals with 25 per cent in the total budget spent (Rs.640 lakhs) during the period (Table 23). Table 23. Infrastructure Assisted under RKVY during in Horticulture S.no District Green/ poly house 1 Anantapuramu 20 Horti. Farms Shade net Permanent pendals Trellies Plastic crates 2 Chittoor Nurseries 3 East Godavari Guntur Kadapa 15 Expenditure in Lakhs Ripening chamber 6 Krishna 34 7 Kurnool 8 Nellore 9 Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam 12 Vizianagaram 13 West Godavari Farm fresh vegetables State

46 Animal Husbandry and Dairy The total RKVY assistance for animal husbandry and dairy sectors during the period based on the information provided by only six district departments was Rs.2825 lakhs (Table 24). Among the infrastructure interventions the majority expenditure was in respect of bulk milk cooling units (24 %) followed by strengthening of dairies (23 %). Table 24. Infrastructure Assisted under RKVY during in Animal Husbandry and Dairy S. No. District Milk Analyzer(VL) Dairies Establishment of Feed Mixing Plant Setting/Strengthenin g of BMCUs Strengthening of Dairies Strengthening of ETP at milk chilling / milk processing unit: Effluent Treatment Plants 1 Anantapuramu Chittoor Induction of Milch animals Heifer Induction Mini Dairy Units Medium Dairy Units Sheep and Goat Units / Breeding Rams 3 East Godavari Guntur 5 Kadapa Lab facility in milk chilling/milk processing unit Dispensaries/Hospita ls for Treatment of Animals Diagnosis Labs, including Mobile Units 6 Krishna Kurnool 8 Nellore 9 Prakasam 10 Srikakulam 11 Visakhapatnam 12 Vizianagaram 52 Markets for livestock Small ruminants Expenditure in Lakhs Semen collection and Artificial Insemination(AI) Units/ Production Center 13 West Godavari State Markets for livestock large ruminants 42

47 Fisheries The total assiatance for infrastructure development under RKVY for the three years of XII five year plan in the nine districts for which the information was made available accounts for Rs.1663 lakhs (Table 25). Out of this the highest share was spent on fish seed stocking reservoirs/tanks (75 %) followed by fish markets (16 %). Table 25. Infrastructure Assisted under RKVY during in Fisheries sector S.no District Fish Ponds/Reservoirs Marketing infrastructure 1 Anantapuramu Chittoor 19 Fish Markets 3 East Godavari Guntur Fish seed stock tanks & reservoirs Captive rearing ponds 5 Kadapa 13 6 Krishna 13 7 Kurnool Nellore 9 Prakasam 10 Srikakulam 11 Visakhapatnam 42 Expenditure in Lakhs Fish seed hatcheries Marine fish drying platforms 12 Vizianagaram West Godavari 45 State

48 Sericulture The total investment incurred for developing sericulture related infrastructure as part of the district component worked out to Rs.540 lakhs during the period (Table 26). On farm technical service centres related expenditure topped with 67 per cent of the total expenditure in the sericulture sector. Table 26. Infrastructure Assisted under RKVY during in Sericulture sector S.no District Training in Reeling /Twisting Infrastructure improvement to GSF for production of Chawkie worms for BV Seed Farm Mechanization in GSFs Soil Health Management in GSFs Govt.cocoon markets subsidy on chawkie worms Rs. 500/ 100 DFLs 1 Anantapuramu Infrastructure in the Govt. Seed Farms (Power tiller, Centrifugers etc) 2 Chittoor Training to unskilled reelers and twisters 3 East Godavari Guntur 1 Supply of Chawkie worms Seed farm Infrastructure improvement to the Bi-voltine rearing sheds 5 Kadapa Krishna Expenditure in Lakhs 7 Kurnool 27 8 Nellore 9 Prakasam Srikakulam 7 11 Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari 12 State Equipment On farm technical service centres

49 Micro Irrigation Information on micro irrigation projects implemented was made available in respect of seven districts only. Based on this it is estimated that, in these districts the expenditure incurred during the first three years of the XII plan was Rs lakh. Of this the entire budget (99 %) was towards drip irrigation (Table 27). Table 27. Infrastructure Assisted under RKVY during in Micro Irrigation sector Expenditure in Lakhs Drip irrigation systems Sprinkler irrigation systems S.no District No. Expenditure No. Expenditure 1 Anantapuramu 2 Chittoor 3 East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool 8 Nellore 9 Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam 12 Vizianagaram 13 West Godavari State

50 Soil and Water Conservation The information on soil and water conservation works taken up as part of RKVY during the first three years of XII plan has been made available by Kurnool district only. The total expenditure incurred on this account in Kurnool was Rs.1930 lakhs (table 28). Table 28. Infrastructure Assisted under RKVY during in soil and water conservation Expenditure in Lakhs S.no District 1 Anantapuramu 2 Chittoor 3 East Godavari 4 Guntur 5 Kadapa 6 Krishna terracing gully control measures spill ways checkdams diversion drains protection walls field bunds Reclamation of problem soils (Acid/Alkail/Saline/Ra vine/water logged) Shallow Wells & Drug wells Tube wells (except in dark/grey/critical zone identified by central Ground water Board 7 Kurnool Nellore 9 Prakasam 10 Srikakulam 11 Visakhapatnam 12 Vizianagaram 13 West Godavari State Percolation & Minor Irrigation tanks Farmponds 46

51 Marketing In three of the 13 districts marketing facilities for agriculture produce were strengthened during with an assistance of Rs.9.66 crores. Out of these strengthening the facilities in regulated markets accounted for 44 per cent (Table 29). Table 29. Infrastructure Assisted under RKVY during in marketing sector Expenditure in Crores Facilities at APMC Fruit markets market yards S.no District Vegetable markets No. Budget No. Budget No. Budget 1 Anantapuramu Guntur Srikakulam State Research The research related infrastructure developed in the units of agriculture, horticulture and veterinary universities across the districts is given in table 30. The total expenditure in the district units during worked out to Rs.576 lakhs. Among the categories of units the agricultural research stations got 79 per cent budget share. For conducting research projects were assisted to the universities which have equipped the laboratories with an outlay of Rs.576 lakhs during (Table 30). 47

52 Table 30. Infrastructure Assisted under RKVY during in Research sector Expenditure in Lakhs Sl.no District Expenditure Total ARS KVK Others 1 Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari 4 Guntur Kadapa 6 Krishna Kurnool 8 Nellore 9 Prakasam 10 Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram 13 West Godavari State Pooled assistance to districts The sector-wise assistance to various districts in the state from RKVY during the period is depicted in Table 31. Among the districts the maximum assistance was extended to prakasam followed by kadapa districts. Across the sectors micro irrigation topped with Rs lakhs. 48

53 Table 31. Pooled district budget, Sl.no District Agriulture Horticulture Animal husbandry & Dairy Fisheries Sericulture Micro Irrigation Soil & Water conservation Marketing Research Expenditure in Lakhs Total Assistance 1 Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool Nellore Prakasham Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari State RKVY assistance during , State level The annual assistance under RKVY across the sectors and districts for the year is indicated in table 32. It may be noted that Anantapuramu district got 16 per cent of the share closely followed by Chittoor with 15 per cent in the total expenditure of Rs lakhs for the year. Among the sectors Agriculture topped with one-third share followed by Animal husbandry and horticulture with 23 and 12 per cent respectively. There are sectors/ items of assistance which are either district neutral or meant for a particular institution. Some of these are food and agri business school, Rythu bazars and Research institutions. 49

54 Table 32. RKVY assistance during Expenditure in Lakhs District Agriculture Horticulture Animal Husbandry Dairy (APDDC) Fisheries Sericulture Forest AP Food Processing Society APMARKFED ANGRAU Research Dr.YSR Horti University SV Veterinary University Agri Biotech Foundation Food and Agribusiness Scheeol Rythu Bazar SFAC TOTAL Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool Nellore Prakasham Srikakulam Visakhapatna m Vizianagaram West Godavari State

55 6. Proposed Infrastructure Development during The proposals for strengthening the infrastructure of agriculture and allied activities are presented in this section. Initially the proposals of the districts are presented followed by the state level components District plan component Agriculture The total proposals for agriculture sector across the 13 districts work out to Rs lakhs. Among the districts the highest proposal has come from Kadapa followed by Vizianagaram district (Table 33). Table 33. Infrastructure Proposals for Agriculture Sector ( ) Budget in Lakhs Sl.no District Agriculture Budget Total Budget Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool Nellore Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari State Horticulture The proposals of horticulture department work out to Rs lakhs. The highest share in this has come from Anantapurtamu district followed by Chittoor (Table 34). 51

56 Table 34. Infrastructure Proposals for Horticulture Sector ( ) Budget in Lakhs Sl.no District Horticulture Budget Total Budget Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa 6 Krishna Kurnool Nellore Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari State Animal husbandry and dairy Animal husbandry departments of the districts have given proposals to an extent of Rs lakhs. The proposals of Kadapa district alone come to about Rs lakhs. Srikakulam district has not proposed works in the animal husbandry sector (Table 35). Table 35. Infrastructure Proposals for Animal Husbandry and Dairy Sector ( ) Budget in Lakhs Sl.no District Animal Husbandry and Dairy Budget Total Budget Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool Nellore Prakasam Srikakulam 11 Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari State

57 Fisheries Proposals for augmenting infrastructure in fisheries for 12 out of the 13 districts have been received. These together work out to Rs lakhs (Table 36). Among the districts the proposals from Krishna district account for 38.5 per cent. Table 36. Infrastructure Proposals for Fisheries Sector ( ) Budget in Lakhs Sl.no District Fisheries Budget Total Budget Anantapuramu Chittoor 3 East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool Nellore Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari State Sericulture Sericulture is mainly concentrated in Rayalaseema districts with very little focus in the other districts. The total proposals in this sector for the next four years amount to Rs.4322 lakhs (Table 37). The highest budget proposed is that of Kadapa with Rs.940 lakhs. Table 37. Infrastructure Proposals for Sericulture Sector ( ) Budget in Lakhs Sl.no District Sericulture Budget Total Budget Anantapuramu Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool Nellore Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari State

58 Micro Irrigation The proposed budget for infrastructure development in Micro Irrigation sector across six of the districts for which information has been obtained work out to Rs lakhs. Among these districts, Kadapa alone accounted for half the total budget proposed (Table 38). Table 38. Infrastructure Proposals for Micro Irrigation Sector ( ) Budget in Lakhs Sl.no District Micro Irrigation Budget Total Budget Anantapuramu 2 Chittoor 3 East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna Kurnool 8 Nellore 9 Prakasam Srikakulam 11 Visakhapatnam 12 Vizianagaram 13 West Godavari State Soil and Water Conservation The proposals for soil and water conservation works which will improve the basic infrastructure of land based sectors has been obtained from only six districts. The total budget on this account comes to Rs lakhs and of this the proposals from East Godavari alone take a slice of 67 per cent (Table 39). 54

59 Table 39. Infrastructure Proposals for Soil and Water Conservation Sector ( ) Budget in Lakhs Sl.no District Soil and water Conservation Budget Total Budget Anantapuramu 2 Chittoor 3 East Godavari Guntur 5 Kadapa 6 Krishna 7 Kurnool Nellore 9 Prakasam Srikakulam Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram West Godavari State Marketing Marketing of the produce from Agriculture and allied sectors is an inevitable component of supply chain and value chain that links the producers (farmers) and the consumers. The proposals for strengthening the marketing infrastructure besides the sector based facilities (animal husbandry, dairy, sericulture and fisheries) have been submitted in six districts of the state. The total proposals work out to Rs.4582 lakhs (Table 40). Table 40. Infrastructure Proposals for Marketing Sector ( ) Budget in Lakhs Sl.no District Marketing Budget Total Budget Anantapuramu 0 2 Chittoor East Godavari Guntur Kadapa Krishna 7 Kurnool 8 Nellore 9 Prakasam 10 Srikakulam Visakhapatnam 12 Vizianagaram West Godavari State