TWO EXAMPLES OF SOIL CONSERVATION PROJECTS THAT MITIGATE AND ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE

Transcription

1 Conference Too Much, Too Little The role of water in adaptation to climate change Lisboa, TWO EXAMPLES OF SOIL CONSERVATION PROJECTS THAT MITIGATE AND ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE Tiago Domingos, Helena Martins I - Soil Conservation; Warning Systems for Fire and Drought; Adaptation of Forest to Climate Change

2 Baseline situation in Montado areas 2 Around 1 million hectares of low productive natural pasture in Montado, an open savannah-like agro-forestry ecosystem dominated by cork and holm oaks Natural Shrub invasion Tillage Spontaneous pastures or fallow areas from long cereal rotations Lack of natural regeneration

3 Soil Organic Matter Baseline situation in Montado areas 3 Shrubland is controlled every 2 to 4 years by harrowing which causes soil loss and degradation, tree damage and other negative environmental impacts Year

4 Baseline situation in Montado areas 4 Cork oak dieback High susceptibility to desertification (PAN - UNCCD, 2008)

5 Benefits from the Soil Organic Matter (SOM) 5 Half decomposed Decomposed material humus Adaptado de Soil poor in organic matter

6 Benefits from the Soil Organic Matter (SOM) 6 Improves water balance Decreases soil erosion

7 Two iniatives for promoting SOM 7 Terraprima/FPC Projects Sown Biodiverse Pastures Soil-friendly Shrub Control Implemented with the farmers, in a context of environmental services and promoting more sustainable agriculture practices

8 Sown Biodiverse Pastures 8 permanent, rich in legumes Sown Biodiverse Pastures

9 Biodiversas - T. Encarnado 9

10 Sown Biodiverse Pastures (SBP) increase Soil Organic Matter (SOM) 10 productivity flood regulation Aboveground Belowground SBP Decreased erosion SOM water retention

11 Sown Biodiverse Pastures (SBP) increase Soil Organic Matter (SOM) Soil Organic Matter (%) 11 Sown Biodiverse Pasture Natural Pasture Number of years Teixeira, R., Domingos, T., Costa, A.P.S.V., Oliveira, R., Farropas, L., Calouro, F., Barradas, A.M., Carneiro, J.P.B.G. (2011). Soil organic matter dynamics in Portuguese natural and sown grasslands. Ecological Modelling 222:

12 Sown Biodiverse Pastures are more productive 12 Decreased use of nitrogen fertilizers Decrease in concentrated feed economic viability sustainable stocking rate productivity flood regulation Aboveground Belowground SBP Decreased erosion carbon sequestration SOM water retention

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14 Project Sown Biodiverse Pastures Project Terraprima/FPC Achievements: 50,000 ha 1 Mt CO 2

15 Accumulated area (ha) The scale of the project s implementation 15 Project s contribution Seed mixtures sales Baseline Year

16 Sown Biodiverse Pastures An integrated approach 16 Emissions from liming Emissions from legumes Decreased use of nitrogen fertilizers Decrease in concentrate feed economic viability value of products Emissions from livestock No invasion by shrubs sustainable stocking rate productivity Improves water regulation Aboveground Belowground SBP Wild biodiversity Decreased erosion carbon sequestration SOM water retention

17 Soil-friendly Shrub Control Project Terraprima/FPC SOM 17 Disk harrow Forestry Mower Goals 100,000 ha MOS SOM Corta-matos F. Mower MOS SOM Gradagem D. Harrow time 0.72 Mt CO 2 Sequestration factor =3.6 tco 2 /ha.yr

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19 Project Soil-friendly Shrub Control beneficiaries 40,000 ha total 23,000 ha additional 291,000 tco 2 in two years

20 Other solutions to promote soil conservation 20 Environmental services as the framework for farming sustainability The use of SBP in orchards and vineyards Environmental labelling of commercial products

21 Conference Too Much, Too Little The role of water in adaptation to climate change Lisboa, TWO EXAMPLES OF SOIL CONSERVATION PROJECTS THAT MITIGATE AND ADAPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE semi-finalist Land for Life Project Sown Biodiverse Pastures