Lebakpicung, Hefni Effendi. Edhi Sandra RESEARCH

Transcription

1 PUSAT PENELITIAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INSTITUT PERTANIAN BOGOR Working Paper No. 35 December 2012 Introduction of Organic Vegetables Farming to Enhance Household Economy at Micro Hydro Energy Independent Community of Kampong Lebakpicung, Hegarmanah Village, Cibeber Purnama Hidayat Ellyn K. Damayanti Hefni Effendi Edhi Sandra CENTER FOR ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH Office address: Gedung PPLH 2-4 Fl., Jl. LingkarAkademik, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor Mailing address: PO Box 243Bogor16001 Tel: , ; Fax: Website:

2 Preface Pusat Penelitian Lingkungan Hidup Institut Pertanian Bogor (PPLH-IPB) [Center for Environmental Research Institut Pertanian Bogor (CER-IPB)] was established in One of the Center s goal is to develop policies and concepts for natural resources and environmental management based on ecosystem characteristics, community participation, local community tradition, economic justice, and global environmental change. Paper published in this Working Paper edition is the output of selected research activities funded by the Osaka Gas Foundation of International Cultural Exchange (OGFICE), Japan for the fiscal year We are pleased to publish Dr. Purnama Hidayat & Ellyn K. Damayanti Ph. D, Dr. Hefni Effendi and Edhi Sandra M.Si paper Introduction of Organic Vegetables Farming to Enhance Household Economy at Micro Hydro Energy Independent Community of Kampong Lebakpicung, Hegarmanah Village, Cibeber, after reviewed by an expert in this field. We express our gratitude and appreciation to Sri Malahayati, M.Si for her invaluable contribution as editor in charge for this working paper and to Dr. Y. Aris Purwanto as the Head of Division of Research and Community Services PPLH-IPB for making it possible this working paper can be published. Finally, we hope this publication will be valuable and beneficial for those who have interest in Indonesia s natural resources and environmental management. December 2012, Kukuh Murtilaksono Director of PPLH-IPB Center for Environmental Research Working Paper No. 35 i

3 CONTENTS ABSTRACT... 1 I. Introduction Background Objectives... 2 II. Methodology... 3 III. Results and Discussion Vegetable varieties Establishment of farmers groups and performing organic farming Yields and problems in performing organic vegetables farming... 5 IV. Conclusion and Recommendation... 7 References... 8 Acknowledgement... 8 Appendices... 9 List of Tables Table 1. Yields of vegetable planting... 6 Appendix 1. Farmers Groups... 9 Appendix 2. Vegetable seeds... 9 List of Figures Figure 1. Rice fields and upland agricultural land in Lebakpicung area 2 Figure 2. Meeting with household heads... 4 Figure 3. Meeting with farmers... 4 Figure 4. Vegetable seeds provided to the farmers... 5 Figure 5. Long bean and tomato planted by the farmers... 6 Center for Environmental Research Working Paper No. 35 ii

4 Introduction of Organic Vegetables Farming to Enhance Household Economy at Micro Hydro Energy Independent Community of Kampong Lebakpicung, Hegarmanah Village, Cibeber Center for Environmental Research, Bogor Agricultural University ABSTRACT Introduction of Organic Vegetables Farming to Enhance Household Economy was done in Lebakpicung.This activity was aimed at enhancing household economics by introducing organic vegetable farming by using local resources, such as organic fertilizers and bio-pesticides. It was expected that after Lebakpicung people successful in performing organic vegetable farming, they could consume the vegetables for subsistence and they can even get additional income by selling the surplus vegetables they grew. The activities included several visits to Kampong Lebakpicung. During the visits, (1) information on vegetable varieties based on Lebakpicung people s preferences was collected, (2) suitable varieties for Lebakpicung soil and climate was discussed, (3) extension on how to perform organic farming, including tillage, nursery, planting, fertilization, pest control, and harvesting was conducted, (4) farmers groups were established, and (5) extension and practice on farming management, including calculation of farming input and output, planning for next plantingseason were conducted.the Focus Group Discussion revealed that the following vegetables were preferred by the community: snaps bean, caisim, tomato, cucumber, chili pepper, sweet corn, long bean, and bitter gourd. However, based on some farmer s experiences, vegetables that suitable with soil and climate in Lebakpicung were tomatoes, cucumbers, chili peppers, sweet corn, long bean, and bitter gourd. Three farmers groups were established and provided with vegetable seeds to practice organic farming. Only Group 1 showed good results, in term of cooperation among group members and vegetable yield. Failures in planting were also experienced by group one as well as by the other two groups. Problems of planting could be identified were: (1) reluctant to adopt organic farming methodswhich come from outside of the village, (2) no leadership in the group, (3) wild boar attacked vegetable plantation, and (4) long period of dry season. To conclude, farmers in Lebakpicung were hard to adopt organic farming for vegetable, because they were accustomed to practice traditional agricultures. Center for Environmental Research Working Paper No. 35 1

5 I Background INTRODUCTION Kampong Lebakpicung is one of Kasepuhan Communities which people livelihood is categorized to traditional from the point of less access to modern technology. There are 51 households (PLN & PPLH-IPB 2010) and all households engage in agricultural activities, producing rice for subsistence, at both dry and wet agricultural lands. Lebakpicung people have been practicing traditional agriculture (Figure 1). Rice is the main product and so far sufficiently produced by cultivating rice once a year. They have also been producing rice seeds by themselves, so that local rice varieties are conserved. However, there has been less experience and knowledge on cultivating vegetables. As mentioned by Hidayat and Sari (2011), farmers in Lebakpicungarea were not familiar in cultivating horticulture, including vegetables and fruits. Only limited kinds of vegetables they have been cultivated. They usually cultivate chili pepper because of high price and cucumber for their self-consumption. For other vegetables, Lebakpicung people have been purchasing from the market, which is located about 5 km from Lebakpicung. They have to spend their money for this. Meanwhile if they cultivate vegetables by themselves, they can save money. Figure 1. Rice fields and upland agricultural land in Lebakpicung area 1.2. Objectives This study was aimed at enhancing household economics by introducing organic vegetable farming by using local resources, such as organic fertilizers and bio-pesticides. It was expected that after Lebakpicung people successful in performing organic vegetable farming, they could consume the Center for Environmental Research Working Paper No. 35 2

6 vegetables for subsistence and they can even get additional income by selling the surplus vegetables they grew. II. METHODOLOGY The study was conducted through several visits to Kampong Lebakpicung. Focus Group Discussion and extension were the main methodology to implement this research. During the visits, the following activities were conducted: 1) collecting vegetable varieties based on Lebakpicung people s preferences, and discussing the suitable varieties for Lebakpicung soil and climate, 2) conducting extension on how to perform organic farming, including tillage, nursery, planting, fertilization, pest control, and harvesting, 3) establishing farmers groups, 4) conducting extension and practice on farming management, including calculation of farming input and output, planning for next planting season. III. RESULTSAND DISCUSSION 3.1. Vegetable varieties In the first visit (February 2012), community meeting was conducted (Figure 2). Almost all household heads or members in Kampong Lebakpicung joined this meeting. In this meeting, brainstorming on vegetables varieties preferred by Lebakpicung community was performed. It was revealed that the following vegetables are preferred by the community: snaps bean, caisim, tomato, cucumber (2 varieties), chili pepper (2 varieties), sweet corn, long bean, and bitter gourd. However, based on some farmer s experiences, vegetables that suitable with soil and climate in Lebakpicung are tomatoes, cucumbers, chili peppers, sweet corn, long bean, and bitter gourd. Seeds for these vegetables were provided by our team to be planted Establishment of farmers groups and performing organic farming In the second visit (May 2012), Focus Group Discussion with Lebakpicung people was conducted (Figure 3). Topic of the discussion was practicing organic farming, including tillage, nursery, planting, fertilization, pest control, and harvesting. Center for Environmental Research Working Paper No. 35 3

7 Figure 2. Meeting with household heads Figure 3. Meeting with farmers In this meeting, farmers groups were also established. Three groups were established with households per group. There was an interesting fact that the names registered and the persons in charge of farming are the housewives (Appendix 1), because men go out of the village for seasonal jobs, such as labors in tea plantation, construction works, and gold mining. A guidebook on vegetable planting was also provided to these groups. Vegetable seeds which were identified in the first meeting (February 2012) was planned to be planted. Those vegetables were: tomatoes, cucumbers, chili peppers, sweet corn, long bean, and bitter gourd (Appendix 2). During Center for Environmental Research Working Paper No. 35 4

8 Intro oduction of Organic O Vege etables Farmin ng to Enhance e Household Economy at Micro M Hydro Ene ergy Independ dent Commu unity of Kamp pong Lebakpicung, Hegarrmanah Villag ge, Cibeber Sub b-district, Leba ak District, Ban nten Province Purn nama Hidaya at, Ellyn K. Dam mayanti, Hefni Effendi, Edhii Sandra the e planting period, it was expe ected thatt the farm mers will re ecord the culltivation pra actices and d on harvessting time th hey the am mount of yie eld Yields and d problemss in performing organic c vegetable es farming seeds (Figu Three farmerss groups were w provid ded with vegetable v ure 4), as entioned in section Howeve er, only two o groups (group 1 and d group 2) me pla anted the seeds (Figurre 5). Group 3 decid ded not to plant the seeds s and without clear reason. Gro oup 1 was considered d as the m most active group and d Group 2 were less acttive than Group G 1. Criteria C of a activeness were w presence in the meetings, coo ordination between group mem mbers, and d quantity of yields. Yields of pla anting are presented p in n Table 1. m joiined group p meetings in Group 1 were at least 8-9 for Numbers of members g, while Gro oup 2 mem mbers were maximum 3 persons. We also each meeting couraged the groupss to have ttheir own group g mee etings to disscuss and enc sha are the progress of vegetable pla anting. Grroup 1 held d such mee etings and each membe er reported the yield. Group 2 did not hold d formal me eeting, but eir informed d each othe er about the e progress of their planting inform mally. the Figure 4. Ve egetable se eeds provid ded to the farmers f It was w identifie ed in the lasst meeting (Septembe er 2012), tha at meetingss between farmers and re esearchers have been held in one of the le eaders hou use which for other ade not many m group p memberss participated. As suggestion s ma acttivity in the e future, meetings m or discussion should be e made in a neutral pla ace, such as mosque e or schoo ol, in orderr to have as many as group me embers to participate p the meetin ngs. Cen nter for Enviro onmental Ressearch Workking Paper No. N 35 5

9 Table 1. Yields of vegetable planting No. Vegetables Yield (kg) Group 1 Group 2 1. Tomato 4 Failed 2. Cucumber 77 Not recorded 3. Chili pepper Failed Failed 4. Long bean 3 Failed 5. Bitter gourd Failed Failed 6. Sweet corn Not planted Not planted Notes: Not recorded = there were yields, but not weighted and not recorded Figure 5. Long bean and tomato planted by the farmers In the last visit (September 2012), discussion with farmers were performed. Topics discussed were reasons behind the successful and failure in planting vegetables. One of the reasons of success was eagerness to try to adopt organic farming methodswhich come from outside of the village, that were extended in the second meeting (May 2012), as practiced by Group 1. Another reason was leadership performed by one member who influenced other members. It was revealed that this member is the wife of young leader in Kampong Lebakpicung. Problems of planting could be identified were: (1) reluctant to adopt organic farming methodswhich come from outside of the village, (2) no leadership in the group, (3) wild boar attacked to vegetable plantation, and (4) long period of dry season. Center for Environmental Research Working Paper No. 35 6

10 IV. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Farmers in Lebakpicung were hard to adopt organic farming for vegetable, because they were accustomed to practice traditional agricultures. Traditional agricultural practices in Lebakpicung were less intensive than organic farming methods from outside of the village. Household economics could not be enhanced yet, because organic farming has not yet been adopted by the farmers in Lebakpicung. Recommendation: 1) Continuous extension on organic farming and establishment of demonstration plot to show how to do organic farming are necessary. 2) Vegetables which will be planted are those which need less or without intensive care, such as cucumber. 3) Wild boar attacks are hardly handled, therefore physical barrier to hold the wold boars stay in the forest is necessary, such as biological fences (bamboo, cassava, etc.) or deep canal. 4) Meetings or discussion should be made in a neutral place, such as mosque or school, in order to have as many as group members to participate the meetings Center for Environmental Research Working Paper No. 35 7

11 REFERENCES Damayanti, E. K. and T. Yulianto Ethnobotany of Lebakpicung People at GunungHalimun-Salak National Park, West Java, Indonesia. Working Paper No. 30, December 2011, ISSN Bogor: Center for Environmental Research, Bogor Agricultural University. Hidayat, P. and D. R. Sari Improvement of Agricultural Practices to Support Sustainable Environment in the Energy Self-sufficient KampungLebakpicung, Hegarmanah Village, CibeberSubdistrict, Lebak District, Province of Banten. Working Paper No. 32, December 2011, ISSN Bogor: Center for Environmental Research, Bogor Agricultural University. [PLN & PPLH] Model of Autonomous Village Based on Microhydro at Surrounding GunungHalimun-Salak National Park. Preliminary Report, ProgressReport, Final Report. Bogor: Perusahaan Listrik Negara and Pusat Penelitian Lingkungan Hidup. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Authors would like to thank the Osaka Gas Foundation of International Cultural Exchange (OGFICE) that provided fund for this research through OGFICE Research Grant 2012 to Bogor Agricultural University. Invaluable appreciation is delivered to Lebakpicung People, especially to the farmers group members. Without their cooperation, their invaluable knowledge would never be recorded. Outstanding appreciation is delivered to the Center for Environmental Research for bridging the gap between researcher and donor. Center for Environmental Research Working Paper No. 35 8

12 APPENDICES Appendix 1. Farmers Groups No. Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 1. Suparti Hesih Ramasih 2. Nengsih Hermi Maryati 3. Murnaah Uhen Sunarti 4. Artasih Enol Juminah 5. Minarsih Ucih Tini 6. Asiah Edah Nani 7. Sarnimah Run Sapni 8. Yanah Een Ela 9. Anah Sukmi Rumi 10. Benah Emah Rodiah 11. Yomnah Otih Susr 12. Niot Sari Ijah 13. Runasih Acih Ipay 14. Arnah Yayah Nurheni 15. Yuyun Mursinah Appendix 2. Vegetable seeds No. Vegetable Number of pack 1. White cucumber 2 2. Green cucumber 2 3. Curly chili pepper 2 4. Big chili pepper 2 5. Long bean 2 6. Tomato 2 7. Sweet corn 2 8. Bitter gourd 2 Center for Environmental Research Working Paper No. 35 9