Who. Dr. Tony Liwang Komite Litbang BPDP KS

Transcription

1 Who Dr. Tony Liwang Komite Litbang BPDP KS Alumni of Agro-technics and Physics Dept., Wageningen Agric. Univ., the Netherlands, and Business School, IPB, Bogor, Indonesia Author of over 100 publications and one book, over 650 Gen Bank Accounts, NCBI USA More details, please google : tony liwang or research gate website

2 Kondisi Terkini Penerapan Mekanisasi, Otomasi, dan ICT di Indistri Kelapa Sawit Tony Liwang Komite Penelitian dan Pengembangan Badan Pengelola Dana Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Seminar Nasional Perhimpunan Teknologi Pertanian (PERTETA) Jogjakarta, 29 Agustus 2018

3 Power Points : 1. Background 2. Increase Productivity 3. Reduce Cost 4. Q & A

4 Power Points : 1. Background 2. Increase Productivity 3. Reduce Cost 4. Q & A

5 Background Yield Improvement - The facts at a glance Source: Wageningen World, Oil Palm has been farmed in the same way for more than hundred years Mechanization Automation ICT???

6 Revolusi Industri Generasi 4.0 Tahapan Transfornasi Struktural 1. Menggerakkan sektor pertanian 2. Peran pertanian dalam pembangunan ekonomi 3. Kenaikan pendapatan sektor pertanian yang lebih rendah dari kenaikan pendapatan sektor non-pertanian karena perbedaan kapasitas produksi dan kemampuan SDM sektor pertanian 4. Integrasi pasar tenaga kerja (SDM) dan pasar keuangan era industri modern (Source: Arifin B., 2018)

7 from 1 st to 4 th Generation of R&D partners & customers r & d marketing production ideas trials belief First Generation of R&D partners & customers r & d marketing production ideas trials belief Second Generation of R&D partners & customers r & d marketing production ideas trials belief Third Generation of R&D partners & customers r & d marketing production ideas trials belief Fourth Generation of R&D Source: Miller, William L and Moris, Langdin, The Fourth Generation of R&D. John Willey & Sons Inc., New York, USA.

8 Risk vs Reward in R&D Investment Potential Reward High Moderate Low Excellent R&D Investment Good R&D Investment Acceptable R&D Investment Good-Excellent R&D Investment Acceptable-Good Investment (Possibly) Good- Excellent R&D Investment Low Moderate High Risk The relationship between risk & reward in R&D investment Source: Miller, William L and Moris, Langdin, The Fourth Generation of R&D. John Willey & Sons Inc., New York, USA.

9 An Oil Palm An Oil Production Unit a source of food, feed, fiber, and fuel Frond Fresh Fruit Bunch (FFB) Mesocarp - Fiber Mesocarp - CPO Kernel - KPO Kernel - Shell Trunk Fruit Empty Fruit Bunch

10 What to be mechanized, automated, digitized? Indonesian Oil Palm & Palm Oil Profile Area (Ha) 14,000,000 Planting Density (palms/ha) 136 Total palms 1,904,000,000 ± 2 billion oil production units for ± 25 years!!! Yield (ton FFB/Ha) OER (%) Total FFB ton/year 168,000, ,000, ,000, ,000,000 CPO ton/year 33,600,000 56,000,000 84,000, ,600,000 Average Yield per Palm/year FFB kg/year CPO kg/year Yield per Palm for 25 years FFB kg 2,206 3,676 4,596 5,515 CPO kg ,103 1,544 Revenue per Palm for 25 years FFB IDR 1,500/kg 3,308,824 5,514,706 6,893,382 8,272,059 CPO IDR 8,000/kg 3,529,412 5,882,353 8,823,529 12,352,941 Exclude : Kernel Oil, Biomass, Ecosystem Values, etc.

11 Power Points : 1. Background 2. Increase Productivity 3. Reduce Cost 4. Q & A

12 Sustainable Farming = Improving Productivity + Reducing Cost with socio enviro best practices

13 Sustainable Farming = Improving Productivity + Reducing Cost with socio enviro best practices

14 Sustainable Farming = Improving Productivity Planting Materials - Genetic based research + Reducing Cost Precision plant propagation (Clonal Technology, Molecular Assisted Selection, ) - Soil improvement based research - Active ingredient based research with socio enviro best practices Fertilizers Pesticides

15 Research Focus in Upstream Yield Improvement - Determining Yield Factors Potential Yield ± 18 t oil/ha/yr Genetic Factors Elaeis guineensis, Elaeis oleifera Seeds, Clones Site Yield Potential ± 12 t oil/ha/yr Actual Yield Potential ± 6 t oil/ha/yr Environment Factors (Limiting Factors) Climate (Rainfall, Solar Radiation, ) Soil Condition Agronomic Mgmnt Factors (Reducing Factors) Mineral Nutrition Mgmnt Pest and Disease Mgmnt Mechanization / Automation Mgmnt Social and Economic Mgmnt Source : RHV Corley, 2006

16 Research Focus in Upstream Outline Initiated from selected seeds for long term investment

17 Ton / Ha Development of Yield Improvement Observation Period (Dami / Damimas only) YOP planted with Dami / Damimas seeds Observation Period : YOP YOP YOP YOP YoP = Year of Planting Age

18 Oil Palm Molecular Assisted Selection Breeding Main Desired Characters High Yield (FFB & OER) High Photosynthesis Rate Pest Resistance High Oil Quality (Oleate & Carotene) Drought Tolerance Long Peduncle Slow Stem Height Increment Biotic Stress: Disease Resistance (Ganoderma sp.) Nutrient Uptake Efficiency

19 Production of OP Planting Materials OP Oil Palm Seeds Production 1. Conventional Breeding Dura x Pisifera X Dura - Female Pisifera - Male Germinated D x P Seeds Tenera - DXP

20 How to get Good OP Seeds Seeds Coding and Printing Printed Seed Since 2004 DMSE Seed Printer Dami Mas

21 How to get Good OP Seeds Seeds Barcoding Barcode Label in : 1. Pollen tube 2. Bunches 3. Seeds during processing 4. Seed Certificate 5. Seed Container 6. Seed Box Since 2004

22 How to get Good OP Seeds Seeds Barcoding Barcode Management System 200 seeds are packed in a plastic bag Plastic bags are placed in a box with two separators Since 2004

23 How to get Good OP Seeds Seeds Packaging and Security Barcode Management System The box is tied with strapping band Strapped box with bar code Since 2004

24 How to get Good OP Seeds Seeds Packaging and Security Box with address Label of forwarding company Ready to be shipped Since 2004

25 Precision Oil Palm Propagation Leaf Explants Calli Despearing Oil Palm Tissue Culture Young unopened leaflets QR Code Each Ramet Embryogenic calli Ramet Small plantlets Shoot regeneration Differentiation Since 2010

26 Genome Editing CRISPR Cas9 Precision Genetic Engineering Bombardment Electrophoresis Agrobacteria Micro Injection Source: Elizabeth Pennisi, Science, 2013, 341:

27 Research Focus in Upstream Yield Improvement - Determining Yield Factors Potential Yield ± 18 t oil/ha/yr Genetic Factors Elaeis guineensis, Elaeis oleifera Seeds, Clones Site Yield Potential ± 12 t oil/ha/yr Actual Yield Potential ± 6 t oil/ha/yr Environment Factors (Limiting Factors) Climate (Rainfall, Solar Radiation, ) Soil Condition Agronomic Mgmnt Factors (Reducing Factors) Mineral Nutrition Mgmnt Pest and Disease Mgmnt Mechanization / Automation Mgmnt Social and Economic Mgmnt Source : RHV Corley, 2006

28 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Precision Fertigation (Fertilizer + Irrigation) System by Drip Irrigation FFB Yield (ton/ha/y) Palm-Soil-Water Mechanical Engineering Sensor Robotic Bio-chemical Internet of Thing Internet of People Not-irrigated Drip-irrigated First Year Second Year Third Year

29 the Challenge Yield Improvement while Loss Reduction +30% Oil Palm Cloning: Selected Palms from high yielding palms Oil Palm Biotechnology application: Molecular marker for high yielding palms Yield Improvement Biotic Stress (Ganoderma) Abiotic Stress (Drought) -35% -30% Oil Palm Biotechnology Application: Molecular marker for ganoderma and drought tolerance palms Oil Palm Cloning: Selected Palms with high yield & specific traits

30 Research Focus in Upstream Yield Improvement - Determining Yield Factors Potential Yield ± 18 t oil/ha/yr Genetic Factors Elaeis guineensis, Elaeis oleifera Seeds, Clones Site Yield Potential ± 12 t oil/ha/yr Actual Yield Potential ± 6 t oil/ha/yr Environment Factors (Limiting Factors) Climate (Rainfall, Solar Radiation, ) Soil Condition Agronomic Mgmnt Factors (Reducing Factors) Mineral Nutrition Mgmnt Pest and Disease Mgmnt Mechanization / Automation Mgmnt Social and Economic Mgmnt Source : RHV Corley, 2006

31 Power Points : 1. Background 2. Increase Productivity 3. Reduce Cost 4. Q & A

32 Sustainable Farming = Improving Productivity + Reducing Cost with socio enviro best practices

33 Research Focus in Upstream Reducing Cost Labor and fertilizer contribute ±50% to total production cost Aplikasi pupuk 10% Panen 21% Pupuk 50% Upkeep 19% On Farm labor=25% Fertilizer=25% Overhead & depr. =25% Transport=12% Mechanization and Precision Fertilizer Management will not only increase productivity but also decrease the cost Operational Cost Structure in Oil Palm Plantation

34 On Farm Activities SMART Farming / Plantation 1. Precision Planting 2. Precision Irrigation 3. Precision Fertilizer Application 4. Precision Pesticide Application Monitoring Activities 1. GIS based Mapping (satellite image, drone, etc.) 2. Tree Counting 3. Tree Performance Analysis and Monitoring 4. On-line / Off-line Data Management Big Data Management 1. Data Availability 2. Data Review and Analysis 3. Data Intelligent

35 Sustainable Farming = Improving Productivity + Reducing Cost with socio enviro best practices

36 Research Focus in Upstream Solid Liquid Gas Waste Management Empty Fruit Bunch Organic Fertilizer Empty Fruit Bunch Compost Palm Oil Mill Effluent Land Application Bunch Ash

37 Research Focus in Upstream Agro-physiological and ecologial functions from waste to by-products 1 ton CPO 1 ton EFB + 3 tons POME 1 ton EFB 1 ton CPO 3 ton POME

38 Research Focus in Upstream Agro-physiological and ecologial functions from Oil Palm Biomass to Bio-ethanol the third generation biofuel Palm Oil is only 10 % of Oil Palm Biomass Oil Palm Biomass is basically ligno-celluloses Available at Harvesting Pruned fronds Available at Processing Empty fruit bunches Fruit fibers Kernel shells Available at Replanting Oil palm trunks Fronds

39 Sustainable Palm Oil Beyond Food Food & Feed Carotene Fiber & Fuel Bio-ethanol

40 Power Points : 1. Background 2. Increase Productivity 3. Reduce Cost 4. Q & A

41 Terima Kasih Thank You