Weed Control in Transition

Transcription

1 Weed Control in Transition Local research in alternative materials Mick Canevari UC Advisor/County Director Paul Verdegaal, UC Advisor Don Colbert & Randall Wittie UC field staff

2 Weed Control in Transition Factors impacting herbicide changes: Regulations/Environmental issues. Resistance- They no longer work. Economics- cost effective. Market concerns - pesticide fear.

3 2005 Grapes herbicide use in San Joaquin County Diuron 13,700 Karmex Flumioxazin 4,900 Chateau Glyphosate 51,000 Roundup #1 Norflurazon 1,900 Solicam Simazine 22,600 Princep Oxyflourfen 31,000 Goal Paraquat 22,000 Gramoxone Oryzalin 4,800 Surflan 151,900 96,000 acres grapes SJC

4 Regulations Water regulations in effect 2005 Solicam, Karmex, Princep, Bromacil, prometron, and bentazon Volatile Organic Compounds regulations 2008: Goal, Treflan

5 San Joaquin County Legend: Yellow represents leaching GWPAs; Blue represents runoff GWPAs, and orange indicates sections that have both runoff or leaching GWPAs. San Joaquin County

6 Mitigation management Groundwater/leaching Commodities that use irrigations methods that remain within 130% of ET are exempt. Surface water/runoff Herbicide is applied to no more than 30% of acreage is exempt.

7 Herbicide Resistant issues 0 1X 2X 4X S R

8 Glyphosate-Resistant / Horseweed Dr. Anil Shrestha, UC KAC, Parlier and Dr. Brad Hanson, USDA-ARS, Parlier

9 Glyphosate resistant ryegrass

10 Managing for Resistance Early detection- Not the same level of control Don t shave the rates- low rates induce resistant buildup Rotate chemistries- Don t go to the same well Tank mix combinations- different modes of actions

11 Princep Karm ex 2,4-D Roundup Gramoxone Surflan Prow l Devrinol Chateau Goal Shark (NR) Rely Gallery Fusilade Poast Prism Matrix (NR) HERBICIDE RESISITANCE MANAGEMENT TABLE TRIAZINE UREA PHENOXY GLYCINE BI-PYRIDYLIUM DINITRO- ANILINE ACETAMIDE PPO PHOSPHINIC ACID BENZAMIDE FOP ALS (Group 5) (Group 7) (Group 4) (Group 9) (Group22) (Group 3) (Group 15) (Group 14) (Group 10) (Group 21) (Group 1) (Group 2) x x x x Chemistry group x V (NR) x x x x x x x x x x x x x

12 Winter and Summer Weed Control Trial Results 2006 Some new options

13 Winter applied Untreated

14 Broad-spectrum Standard Roundup + Goal + Surflan Application: January 06, Picture: April 06

15 Chateau + Rely

16 NEW HERBICIDES NEW USES Chateau Registered 2005 Post control of small BL weeds, better when tank mixed with Roundup, Gramoxone, Rely or Goal Season long residual of Broadleafs and grasses Excellent control of horseweed, fleabane and mullein as well as crabgrass, witchgrass and barnyardgrass preemergence

17 Matrix + Roundup

18 NEW HERBICIDES NEW USES Matrix (DPX-E9636) Currently Not Registered in T&V New chemistry Controls weeds post emergence but recommended with a foliar herbicide Season long preemergence control of BL weeds and grasses. Horseweed, fleabane and mullein Shows some promise for nutsedge control

19 Rely Post emergence control of most BL and grass weeds. Effective controlling the tough weeds post horseweed, fleabane, filaree, chickweed, sowthistle, miner s lettuce and turkey mullein. Valuable tank mix partner with all soil active herbicides.

20 Matrix + Goal Tender Check

21 Matrix + Chateau

22 NEW HERBICIDES NEW USES Rage and Shark Shark post emergence specific to BL weeds only Rage combined product using shark and glyphosate Together act synergistically across broad spectrum of weeds and grasses Neither has soil residual properties

23 NEW HERBICIDES NEW USES PROWL H20 Pre emergence for broadleafs and most grasses Will go head to head with Surflan for lower cost Tank mix with Roundup, Rely, Goal, Chateau.

24 V Experimental herbicide for nutsedge and other BL weed control Post /pre activity on nutsedge better than Roundup Too early to estimate registration timeline Roundup Weathermax V-10142

25 Horseweed control in grapes with Roundup (by growth stage) 10 8 C ontrol rating DAT 21 DAT 28 DAT 2-14 leaf Early rosette to 12" bolted

26 Horseweed control in grapes with Rely (by growth stage) 10 8 Control rating DAT 21 DAT 28 DAT Hembree, Shrestha, and Kutzner; Parlier, leaf Early rosette to 12" bolted

27 Horse weed timing study Rely was Excellent at all stages 100% control leaf Bolting

28 Horse weed timing study Gramoxone good only when small % control leaf 4-6 leaf

29 Horse weed timing study RU + Goal good at small stages % control Bolting 4-6 leaf

30 Horse weed timing study Goal + Chateau Control 4-6 leaf Bolting

31 GRAPE HERBICIDES COST/UNIT RATE Chateau 51WG $116/lb 6-12 oz 58 Goal Tender 4F $210/gal 1-4 pts 53 Gramoxone Inteon 2EC $41/gal 1-2 pts 10 Matrix 25WG $17/oz 4 oz 68 Rely 1EC $54/gal 1 gal 54 Roundup Weathermax 5.5SL $47/gal 3-6 pts 17 Surflan 85WG $21/lb lb 63 Matran 2 (Clove Oil) $72/gal 5-8% V/V 72 Acetic Acid 20-30% $3.33/gal 15 gal 50 cost /rate

32 Treatment HERBICIDE TREATMENT COST Lodi trials 6 months control Cost/Vineyard Winter Ann Weed Summer Weed Acre Avg. % Control Avg. % Control Matrix + Gramoxone Inteon $ Chateau $ Roundup Weathermax +Surflan $ Rely + Surflan $ Gramoxone Inteon + Surflan $ Chateau + Goal Tender $ Matrix + Goal Tender $ Roundup Weathermax + Surflan + Goal Tender $ Matran 2 (Multiple Applications) $108 BL Good Control Grasses weak BL Good Control Grasses weak 0 Acetic Acid (Multiple Applications) $75 BL Good Control; Grasses Weak BL Good Control Grasses weak 0

33 HERBICIDE TREATMENT COST Post Emergent Broadleaf Control Application: Jan.16 & Feb. 28, 2006 Treatment Rate Product/Acre Cost/ Vineyard Acre White Filaree Hairy Fleabane % Control (4 mo) Sow Thistle Henbit Chick Weed Miner Lettuce Matrix + Rely 4.0 oz + 2 qt $ Prickly Lettuce Chateau + Goal Tender 12.0 oz + 1 qt $ Chateau + Rely 12.0 oz + 2 qt $ Chateau + Roundup Weathermax Gramoxone Inteon + Surflan 12.0 oz + 23 fl oz 3 pt lb $ $ Rely + Surflan 2.0 qt lb $

34 HERBICIDE TREATMENT COST Grass Control Application: January 2006 Treatment Matrix + Rely Chateau + Goal Tender Chateau + Rely Chateau + Roundup Weathermax Gramoxone Inteon + Surflan Rely + Surflan Rate Product/Acre 4.0 oz qt 12.0 oz qt 12.0 oz qt 12.0 oz fl oz 3.0 pt lb 2.0 qt lb Cost Per Vineyard Acre WitchGrass (6.5 mo) % Control (4 MO) Barnyard Grass Large Crabgrass Annual Bluegrass $ $ $ $ $ $

35 Weed Control in Transition Non chemical approach

36 Longevity of Weed Seeds in Soil Groundsel 58 Field Violet 400 Chickweed 600 Shepherdspurse Annual Bluegrass Prostrate Knotweed 400 Lambsquarters Years

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