FSNAU. Overview FSNAU. September-October Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit - Somalia

Transcription

1 Bi-Monthly Nutrition Update, September-October, 2012 Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit - Somalia September-October 2012 Overview Nutrition situation improves in West Golis, Nugal Valley and Hawd Livelihood Zones of Northwest Regions but remains unchanged in the rest of the country The normal to above normal rains received in SeptemberOctober 2012 have resulted in slight improvements in food security in most parts of the country. There is increased availability of water and pasture which has contributed to milk availability, improved livestock body conditions, and income access following livestock demand at the time of the Hajj festivity. In farming areas, there is increased cultivation and related labor opportunities for the poor resulting in better access to income. Positive food security outcomes in most parts of the country are likely to translate to improved dietary intake and nutrition. This is consistent with the post Gu 2012 food security projection. Unfortunately in Beletweyne, the rains have resulted in floods in the riverine areas. Following the floods in Beletweyne, the number of reported suspected cholera cases remained stable, with a cumulative daily reporting range of cases from 4 MCHs in the district. Beletweyne remains an area of concern after the recent floods and WHO, UNICEF and health partners are closely monitoring trends. (WHO Somalia Emergency Weekly Health Update, Oct 13-19, 2012). WHO further indicates outbreaks of suspected cholera across Somalia as stable for the season, except for Map 1: Somalia Estimated Nutrition Situation August, 2012 (Based on June-July, 2012 Surveys) Overview Bay and Bakool Regions Case Study: A family s experience during the famine period Nutrition Situation in Gedo and Juba Regions Nutrition Situation in Shabelle Regions Nutrition Situation in Hiran Regions Nutrition Situation in Northeast Regions Nutrition Situation in Northwest Regions Capacity Building: Garowe Report Writing Training Workshop Bay where the numbers are elevated (12 cases reported in 1 week). Seasonal outbreaks of acute watery diarrhea and suspected cholera are likely to aggravate the currently precarious situation in the south, especially in Beletweyne District and Bay Region. Despite the improvements in food security indicators, the two of the three areas of concern based on the Gu 2012 seasonal analysis findings still show concern: West Golis health facilities continue to show a high proportion (>20%) but fluctuating trends of acutely malnourished children. In Nugal Valley, >10% of children visiting health facilities are malnourished (sustained since the Gu 2012). In the Hawd of Northwest, health facility data indicates a low (<10%) proportion of acutely malnourished children in July-September 2012, a decrease from >15% in the Gu Map 2: Somalia Estimated Nutrition Situation (September-October 2012) The is managed by FAO and funded by USAID/OFDA, the EC, SIDA and UNICEF

2 Bi-Monthly Nutrition Update, September-October, 2012 The nutrition situation in West Golis, and Nugal Valley livelihood zones is therefore likely to have improved to Critical, from Very Critical phase in the Gu 2012, based on the more favorable food security indicators. In the Hawd of Northwest, the situation is likely to have improved to Serious, from Critical. The nutrition situation in the north therefore, is likely Serious, except for West Golis/Guban and Nugal Valley livelihood zones which are likely to have improved to Critical from Very Critical. In the South, the situation is likely Critical Very Critical, sustained from the Gu The Post Deyr 2012 nutrition surveys which are being undertaken in November- December 2012 will provide more concise estimates of the situation. (Maps 1and 2). IDPs remain vulnerable due to their high dependence on humanitarian assistance, income from petty trade and casual labor opportunities that are closely linked with rural and urban livelihoods. Their nutrition situation therefore remains of concern, as in the Gu is currently undertaking the Deyr 2012 nutrition surveys in northern and central urban and IDP populations, findings of which will be disseminated in the Nutrition Update, November - December scheduled for release in the coming week. The tentative schedule for nutrition surveys in the remaining Somali populations is provided in Table 1. Refer to Map 3 for Somalia livelihood zones. Table 1: Deyr 2012 NUTRITION SURVEYS SCHEDULE November-December 2012 No. Livelihood Zone (LZ)/Population Group PERIOD 1 Dusamareb IDPs Nov Hargeisa IDPs Nov Burao IDPs Nov Berbera IDPs Nov Bossaso IDPs Nov Qardho IDPs Nov Garowe IDPs Nov Galkayo/Margaga IDPs Nov Kismayo IDPs Nov Dolo IDPs Nov Galgadud Region Urban LZ Nov Sool Region Urban LZ Nov Sanaag Region Urban LZ Nov Bari Region Urban LZ Nov Nugal Region Urban LZ Nov Mudug Region Urban LZ Nov Awdal Region Uban LZ Nov Woq Galbeed Region Urban LZ Nov Togdheer Region Urban LZ Nov Mogadishu Urban LZ Dec Mogadishu IDPs Dec Cowpea Belt (Central) Dec Dobley IDPs Dec Agropastoral LZ (Togdheer & Northwest) Dec West Golis /GubanPastoral LZ Dec 2012 No. Livelihood Zone (LZ)/Population Group PERIOD 26 Sool Plateau LZ (Northwest & Northeast) Dec Hawd Pastoral LZ (Northwest) Dec East Golis/Gebbi Pastoral LZ (Northwest) Dec East Golis/Kakaar Pastoral LZ (Northeast) Dec Nugal Valley Pastoral LZ (Northwest & Northeast) Dec Coastal Deeh LZ (Northeast) Dec Coastal Deeh LZ (Central) Dec Hawd Pastoral LZ (Central and Northeast) Dec Addun Pastoral LZ (Central and Northeast Dec Lower Shabelle riverine Dec Lower Shabelle Agropastoralists Dec Middle Shabelle Riverine Dec Middle Shabelle Agropastoralists Dec Hiran Region Beletweyne District Dec Hiran Region Mataban District Dec Juba Pastoralists Dec Juba Agropastoralists Dec Juba Riverine Dec North Gedo Pastoralists Dec North Gedo Riverine Dec North Gedo Agropastoral Dec Bakool Pastoralists Dec Bay Region Dec Baidoa IDPs Dec

3 Bi-Monthly Nutrition Update, September-October, 2012 Bay and Bakool Regions The nutrition situation in Bakool pastoral and Bay agropastoral livelihood zones is in a sustained Very Critical phase since Deyr 2010/11, with elevated GAM rates of >20% recorded. However, malnutrition rates have declined from the extremely high levels (>45%) recorded in Gu 2011 at the height of the food security crisis in southern Somalia. No nutrition assessment has been conducted in the agro-pastoral livelihood of Bakool region due to lack of access, therefore there was insufficient data to estimate the overall nutrition situation in the livelihood zone. August and September 2012 data from the Bakool health facilities reflects a high (>45%) and fluctuating trend of acutely malnourished children (Figure 1). Figure 1: HIS Malnutrition trends in Bakool Agro-pastoral MCHs,Bakool Jan Feb Mar Apr 2011 The data from health facilities in Bay region up to July 2012 also show a high (>50%) and fluctuating trend of acutely malnourished children. The high morbidity (AWD/Cholera and measles) and limited humanitarian interventions in the area remain a major challenge, increasing the vulnerability of the population. According to the the World Health Organization s Somalia Emergency Health Update, (October 13-19), data from 7 health facilities in Bay region reported 12 cases of suspected cholera. Bay region also has limited health facilities, and high morbidity levels that may have an impact on the nutrition status of the population (Figures 2 and 3) May Jun Jul 2 per. Mov. Avg.(2011) Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 2 per. Mov. Avg.(2012) Figure 2: HIS Malnutrition trends in Bay Agro-pastoral MCHs per. Mov. Avg.(2011) 2 per. Mov. Avg.(2012) Access to milk is reportedly low in all livelihoods due to the low supply in the markets, as a result of most cattle calved during Hagaa with poor pasture. However, the situation is likely to improve due to the anticipated camel calving in coming months and milk yield improved due to increased water availability and pasture in areas where the Deyr 12 rains have started. Local cereal prices show an increasing trend due to the poor production in the Gu 12 season. Subsequently, with purchase of food currently reported to be the main means of accessing food, the nutrition situation is likely to be impacted negatively, and to remain Very Critical. Nutrition surveys are planned for second week of November 2012 among the Bakool pastoral and in December among Bay rural livelihood and Baidoa IDPs populations. Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Figure 3: Bakool AP OTP Admissions 600 Bakool AP OTP Admissions Jan 3 Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept

4 Bi-Monthly Nutrition Update, September-October, 2012 Case Study A Family s Experience During the Famine Period in the Agro-pastoral village of Sarmaan, Huddur District As narrated to, November 2012 Huddur town is the headquarter for Bakool region in southern Somalia and is located 180 km northwest of Baidoa and 90 km from the Ethiopian border. It has two main livelihood zones, pastoral (camel, sheep/goat and cattle) and agro-pastoralists (crop farming and livestock rearing). The Bakool agro-pastoral livelihood was one of the livelihoods zones where the nutrition situation reached extremely critical levels (GAM>30%) in July The situation was linked to the cumulative effects of drought following very poor Deyr 10/11 and Gu 11 season rainfall performances, and the resultant negative impacts including poor or total failure of crop production, massive livestock deaths due to poor pasture, browse and water. The case study below exemplifies how some families lost their livelihood with the famine situation and their road to recovery. Saido 1, a 32 years old mother, stays with her husband Ali and five children, two of whom are below the age of five years, in Sarmaan village in the agro-pastoral livelihood zone of Huddur District. This family has a small farm from which in normal circumstances, they produce sufficient food for own consumption and sale. However, after consecutive seasons of drought, the Gu 2011 season culminated in a famine in the area, the family farm failed to produce food. Prior to the drought, the family had twenty three sheep and goats, and three camels. During the onset of the famine, they lost fourteen of the sheep and goats following complications associated with lack of water and pasture. We had to sell the rest of the animals at a throw away price to meet our immediate basic food needs. If we had received relief food and livestock drugs earlier, perhaps we could have saved more animals, says Saido. Her family was faced with major challenges, with no food from the farm, no income from the sale of the farm produce coupled with no income and milk form her livestock and high cereal prices. As the drought intensified, the family lost the remaining sheep and goats, accumulated huge debts and out-migrated to Huddur Town. Prior to the move, the family sold one of the camels, leaving the remaining two camels with a herder to move them to better grazing areas. During this period of hardship, Ahmed, one of her sons suffered from a respiratory tract infection, however the family was unable to raise enough money to have him treated in the health facility. Consequently, the family sought assistance from the Imam of the mosque, who organized some contributions from the Friday Salat prayers. The money raised facilitated both treatment for Ahmed, and purchase of food for the family for two days. In the meantime, Saida started work as a casual labourer which involved cleaning for the better off families in Huddur Town. Saida also released her nine year oldest daughter, Halima, to work as Jaria (house girl) servant, thereby contributing to the family income. In October 2011 at the onset of the Deyr 2011 rains, Saida sold one of the remaining camels, and used the money to restock sheep and goats. By April 2012, income from the the family s milk sales had enabled the family to repay all its debts. At this juncture, Ali resolved to return to Sarmaan village with his eldest and youngest daughters (Halima and Raliya) who are helping with shepherding the animals while he cultivates. Saida too plans on moving back to the village to rejoin her family, but is constrained by Ahmed s illness, whooping cough, which he developed while in Huddur Town, but is undergoing relevant treatment at a public clinic. Our family is very happy now and is slowly recovering economically from the hardship of the famine, says Saida. We will be happy to rejoin the rest once Ahmed recovers from whooping cough. She adds with hope. The case study explains how the household in this agro-pastoral population coped with the drought situation, highlighting the family s resilience and struggle to get back to their normal livelihood. 1 Not their real names 4

5 Bi-Monthly Nutrition Update, September-October, 2012 Nutrition situation in JUBA and Gedo regions Juba region The Post Gu 12 integrated nutrition situation analysis of Juba region showed a sustained Very Critical nutrition situation in the agro-pastoral and riverine populations, and an improvement to Critical among the pastoral. Nutrition data from health facilities from January to July 2012 in the Juba pastoral indicated high numbers of acutely malnourished children (>20%) and a decreasing trend, while the agro-pastoral and riverine livelihoods also indicated high numbers (>20%) with a decreasing trend. Recent nutrition data from health facilities in the region for the months August and September 2012 indicate a declining trend of acutely malnourished children among the riverine and agro-pastoral populations (Figure 4). A fluctuating trend in the number of acutely malnourished children is observed among the riverine population (Figure 5), this is mainly attributed to displacements as a result of civil insecurity in the area, with people moving from the urban centres like Kismayo, to rural pastoral areas to avoid conflict. Figure 4: HIS Malnutrition trends in Juba Pastoral MCHs per. Mov. Avg.(2011) 2 per. Mov. Avg.(2012) Figure 5: HIS Malnutrition trends in Juba Riverine MCHs The food security situation in Juba regions in Gu 2012 was classified as either Stressed in the southern inland pastoral (camel herders) population, or in Crisis the south east pastoral, southern agro-pastoral and Juba riverine livelihoods in both Lower and Middle Juba regions, currently the food security situation has remained stable. There are no outbreaks of diseases reported in the region. Therefore based on the current information from health facilities and the food security situation in Juba regions, the situation is likely to be Critical, remaining unchanged from the Gu 12 season. The situation however still remains highly vulnerable due to the risk of increased seasonal morbidity and civil insecurity which may lead to displacements and the resultant negative impacts on the health and nutrition situation of the population. Gedo region The Post Gu 12 integrated nutrition situation analysis demonstrated a sustained Very Critical nutrition situation in the pastoral and agro-pastoral livelihoods in Northern Gedo region. No surveys were conducted in Southern Gedo region due to inaccessibility as a result of civil insecurity. Data from health facilities from January to July 2012 in the pastoral, agro-pastoral and riverine livelihood zones of Gedo region, indicated a high (>20%) and decreasing trend of acutely malnourished children. Current information from health facilities for August and September 2012 is being collected amidst access constraints, and will be released in the November-December 2012 Nutrition update. According to post Gu 2012, the food security situation of Gedo region shows an improvement in most livelihoods except for the Gedo high potential and reverine liveihoods which are classified in Crisis. The improvement in the region s food security situation was mainly attributed to better livestock sale prices, increased household purchasing power, improved terms of trade and increased milk production In the Hagaa season, water shortage is reported in the Southern inland pastoral along the boder of Kenya. However, Deyr rains improved the situation.the nutrition situation is likely Critical among the pastoral population. This is mainly attributed to the positive food security indicators amongst the pastoral population in addition to low morbidity. Whereas among the riverine and agropastoral livelihood populations, the nutrition situation is likely sustained as Very Critical. 5

6 Bi-Monthly Nutrition Update, September-October, 2012 Nutrition situation in Shabelle Regions Nutrition situation in Hiran Regions In the Gu 12 season, no surveys were conducted in Shabelle regions due to lack of access. Due to the lack of sufficient data, did not therefore classify the nutrition situation for the regions. Data from the health facilities showed a high (>30%) and stable trend of acutely malnourished children among the agro-pastoral population and a lower (>10%) and declining trend among the riverine population. Recent data collected from health facilities for the month of July to September 2012, indicate an increase in the number of acutely malnourished children, both the agro-pastoral and riverine populations, with a steep increase noted among the riverine population in the last two months (from 15% to 45%). The increase in the reported number of children in the health facilities is mainly linked to increased morbidity and displacements/movements due to insecurity in the area, (although health facility data should always be interpreted with caution as this data is biased to children visiting the facilities for treatment/growth monitoring or feeding services) whilst humanitarian interventions in the area remain limited mainly due to lack of access. The food security situation in both Lower and Middle Shabelle regions in Gu 2012 showed improvement, with all areas classified in the Stress phase, except Adan Yabal and Adale districts of Middle Shabelle region that were classified in Crisis phase. The improvements are sustained in September-October 2012, and mainly attributed to positive food security indicators:-improved crop production in Middle Shabelle region and income opportunities for both agriculture labour and livestock sales, in addition to increased purchasing power of poor households and sustained low cereal prices. Currently the food security situation in the Shabelle regions remains stable with the positive impact of the previous season still manifesting in addition to good start of the Deyr 2012 season, leading to anticipated further improvements. The nutrition situation in Shabelle regions is likely to be Critical based on the nutrition trends at health facilities which indicate an increase in the number of acutely malnourished children (Figures 6 and 7), with elevated morbidity levels (although within seasonal trends) and the current food security situation in the region. Shabelle regions remain vulnerable and close monitoring of the situation remains crucial. Figure 6: HIS Malnutrition Trends in Shabelle Agro-pastoral MCHs ( ) The nutrition situation of Beletweyne and Mataban districts was classified as Critical according to the post Gu 2012 integrated nutrition situation analysis, however, due to lack of access, no surveys were done in the rest of the region. The GAM and SAM rates reported in July 2012 in Mataban district were 16.7% ( ) and 4.2% ( ) respectively, with crude and under five deaths of 0.99 ( ) and 4.50 ( ), indicating an extremely worrying health situation among the children in the district. The GAM and SAM rates reported in Beletweyne district were 16.6% ( ) and 3.3 ( ) with crude and under five death rates of 0.80 ( ) and 2.32 ( ). Both districts reported elevated (>50%) morbidity rates among children, and extremely low immunization (Measles) and vitamin A supplementation coverage (<20%), indicating an extremely worrying health situation in the districts. In early October 2012, heavy rains caused flooding in Beletweyne, resulting in displacements and an increased risks of outbreaks of diarrheal diseases. Currently the reported number of suspected cholera in Beletweyne remains stable with a cumulative daily reporting range of cases from 4 MCHs in the district (WHO Somalia Weekly Heath Bulletin October 2012). WHO, UNICEF and health partners are closely monitoring the health situation in Beletweyne. The Gu 2012 food security situation in Hiran region generally indicated an improvement across all livelihoods compared to the Deyr 2011/2012. The pastoral and riverine populations of Hiran region were classified in the Stress phase (from Crisis) according to the post Gu 2012 integrated food security analysis, while the agro-pastoral population were classified in the Crisis phase (from Emergency). The improvement was attributed to the positive impacts of the Gu 2012 rainfall that resulted in improved water availability, cash crop productions resulting in improved access to household income. The projected nutrition situation for Hiran region for September to December 2012 was Critical, however this may deteriorate to Very Critical in Beletweyne due to the recent floods reported in the area that will have had a negative impact on the already fragile health status of the population. Figure 7: HIS Malnutrition Trends in Shabelle Riverine MCHs

7 Bi-Monthly Nutrition Update, September-October, 2012 Morbidity has a close association with acute malnutrition, high morbidity levels make increase an individual s risk to acute malnutrition. The situation will be closely monitored, nutrition surveys are planned in the region towards the end of November is scheduled to undertake surveys in Shabelle and Hiran regions in November-December 2012 to establish the current nutrition situation. The findings will be disseminated in the January Figure 8: HIS Malnutrition Trends in Northeast Coastal Deeh LHz ( ) (%) Nutrition situation in Northeast regions of Somalia 5.0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Based on the surveys conducted in June-July 2012 and the health and feeding facilities information (January-June 2012), the nutrition situation improved in the populations of East Golis and Hawd livelihoods, from Critical in Deyr 11/12 to Serious and sustained a Serious phase in Sool, Addun and Coastal Deeh 1. However, the situation deteriorated among the populations of Nugal valley to Very Critical from Critical in Deyr 11/12. The deterioration was linked to a measles outbreak and followed a seasonal fluctuating pattern - improving in Deyr and deteriorating in Gu over the last two years. Improved dietary diversity and increased intake of milk and meat products following the good Gu 2012 rainy season, and access to humanitarian support mitigated the situation and contributed to the improvements in the other livelihoods. Projections of the nutrition situation in September- November 2012, based on the improving food security indicators, timely Deyr 12 rains and seasonal trends in nutrition situation and morbidity, indicate a likely sustained Serious phase in all the rural livelihoods except for Nugal valley, which is likely to improve to Critical phase. Health facility information shows improving or stable trends in the proportion of malnourished children screened in the Hawd, East Golis, and Sool livelihood zones for the period July- September However, in the Coastal Deeh, Addun, and Nugal valley livelihood zones, the health facilities information show high and increasing or fluctuating proportion of malnourished children (Figure 8). Trends in health facility data, is sometimes dependent on the availability of health and feeding services at the individual facilities. For instance, qualitative information collected during the quarterly health facility revisits in October 2012 reported increased numbers which are intervention-related in Bandar beyla areas of Coastal Deeh where OTP centers have not been functional in the past three months. There were no outbreaks of any disease reported in the areas, and MoH morbidity reports are within seasonal levels. Nutrition situation in Central regions of Somalia The Post Gu 12 integrated nutrition analysis reported a mixed picture of either sustained or improved nutrition situation in the Central livelihood zones compared to the Post Deyr 11/12. The situation improved from Critical to Serious among the Hawd pastoral livelihood population, but remains Serious in Addun livelihood zone since Deyr 11/12. The improved or sustained nutrition situation in the Hawd and Addun pastoral livelihoods is linked to increased access to milk, dietary diversity, social support, and humanitarian programmes (health services, supplementary feeding, and WASH) in the region. In the Cowpea agro-pastoral and Coastal Deeh pastoral livelihoods of Central Somalia, the situation is classified likely Critical, from Critical and Very Critical phases in the Gu 11. Considering the Gu 2012 nutrition situation, improvements in food security indicators and a favorable rainfall forecast for the Deyr 12 season, the nutrition situation is projected to remain in Critical phase among the populations of the Cowpea belt and Central Coastal Deeh livelihoods. Qualitative information indicates improved access to milk and dietary diversity. There are no disease outbreaks reported. Analysis of the data from health facilities in the agro-pastoral and Coastal Deeh of central areas shows high (>20%) and stable trend of acutely malnourished children since Gu 12 assessments. Nutrition surveys in IDP settlements in the Northeast (Bossaso, Garowe, Qardho, Galkayo) and Central (Dusamareb/Guriel) are ongoing. Other rural livelihood nutrition surveys are planned for November/December 2012 and will assess the magnitude and severity of the malnutrition situation. 1 Technical Series Report No. VI 47, Issued September 26,

8 Bi-Monthly Nutrition Update, September-October, 2012 Nutrition situation in Northwest regions - Somaliland The Post Gu 12 integrated nutrition situation analysis showed either a stable or deteriorating trend in the nutrition situation in the Northwest livelihoods compared to the Deyr 11/12. The nutrition situation for the West Golis and Nugal Valley livelihoods deteriorated from Serious and Critical respectively in Deyr 11/12 to Very Critical in August In the Hawd livelihood zone, the situation deteriorated from Serious levels in Deyr 11/12 to Critical in August This was mainly attributed to reduced household access to food, especially milk, in the Guban livelihood where livestock had out-migrated in search of water and pasture while those remaining in the area were weak and with low milk production, following below normal Gu 11 rainfall performance. In Nugal Valley and Hawd livelihoods, high morbidity, especially a measles outbreak in Burao and Ainabo districts was a key aggravating factor. On the other hand, the nutrition situation among the populations in the Sool Plateau, East Golis/Gebbi Valley and Agropastoral livelihoods remained stable at Serious levels since December A review of the nutrition screening and health data (July- September 2012) as well as the contextual information indicate a stable nutrition situation in most livelihoods in Northwest as compared to the preceding three months. Nutrition data from the health facilities from all livelihoods indicate varied trends but generally show stable or fluctuating trends. Specifically, high (>10%) and stable trend of acutely malnourished children is reported in East Golis/Gebbi Valley, Hawd and Nugal Valley (Figure 10), low (<10%) and stable trend in Sool Plateau and Low (<10%) and decreasing trends in the Agro-pastoral. West Golis health facilities show the highest proportion of acutely malnourished children with high (>20%) and fluctuating trend recorded in the last three months (July-September 2012). (Figure 9 and 10). 5.0 Figure 9: Malnutrition Trends in health facilities in in NW West Golis MCHs January September 12 Proportion of Children malnourished Access to milk is reportedly below average in all livelihoods but the situation is likely to be reversed following the onset of Deyr 12/13 rainfall that will improve pasture and water availability and thus improve livestock body condition and production. Enhanced humanitarian assistance especially in West Golis/Guban livelihood is a mitigating factor. Field reports indicate a persistent measles outbreak in Togdheer region, though the number of cases are declining as compared to three months ago. High morbidity is an aggravating factor to acute malnutrition. However, the ongoing Child Health Days (CHD) initiative by UNICEF/MoH and other health partners throughout Somaliland is expected to mitigate the situation, especially the measles outbreak in Togdheer region. Overall, nutrition situation among the rural livelihoods in Northwest regions is stable since Gu 12 assessments. Comprehensive nutrition assessments are scheduled for December 2012 to establish the situation. The nutrition situation among IDPs, based on health facility and qualitative data, indicates a stable situation compared to the Gu However the on-going nutrition assessments among IDPs in Northwest will show the actual nutrition situation which will be reported in the sub-sequent updates in November Figure 10: Malnutrition Trends Health Facilities in Nugal Valley MCHs - January 2011-September 12 Proportion of Children malnourished Capacity building training in Northwest: Data Analysis Workshop between 18 th and 22 nd October 2012, undertook an internal training workshop in Hargeisa on Data Analysis. The participants were mainly nutrition field analysts from Somaliland and the previous nutrition intern attached to FAO office in Hargeisa. The objective of the training was to improve data analysis capacity for the field staff through practical data analysis sessions. The training covered data organization and management, data cleaning, data analysis including anthropometric data, non-anthropometric data and household data and preparation of results summary. 8

9 Bi-Monthly Nutrition Update, September-October, 2012 Capacity Building: Garowe Report Writing Training Workshop between 22 nd and 25 th October, 2012, undertook an internal training workshop in Garowe on Report Writing Skills. Participants were mainly nutrition field analysts from Puntland and Central Somalia, focal points and health coordinators from the Puntland Ministry of Health. The main objective was to enhance participants knowledge and skills on technical report writing, with emphasis on nutrition survey reports. The training was organized into 6 sections/modules; each module covering several important aspects/themes: The organization of the report writing training modules are summarized in Table 2 below: Table 2: Training Module Section/module Introduction to report writing Report Format & Structure Grammar and Report Writing Reporting Style Language in Report Writing Common errors experienced in Report Writing Themes/Contents 1. Workshop objectives, Expectations and Learning Methods 2. Why write reports? 3. Who writes and to whom are reports written? 4. When is a SMART survey report written? 5. Where is a sample SMART survey report generated 6. What should be in a report? 7. Why a standard format is important 8. Layout/structure of a standard report 9. The chapters and contents of a SMART survey report 10. Conditions and aim for writing appropriate recommendations 11. Review of the parts and types of speech in report writing 12. Important punctuations used in report writing 13. Types of tenses applicable in report writing 14. Comparisons used in report writing 15. Auxiliaries and their role in effective report writing 16. General skills in report writing tips and assumptions 17. Fears and challenges in report writing 18. Pre-writing strategies 19. FAO writing style 20. Use of Formal language 21. The scholarly/technical voice 22. Neutral (unbiased) language 23. Sensitive language free of fallacies and other nuances 24. Confusing words 25. Order of adjectives 26. Use of inappropriate voice 27. Wrong use pronouns and conjunctions 28. Wrong use of prepositions and phrases The participants provided positive feedback in learning the what, who, whom, when, and how questions concerning report writing and shared their field experience with others. 9

10 SOMALIA: LIVELIHOOD ZONES Map 3: Somalia Livelihood Zones DJIBOUTI Gulf of Aden Zeylac Lughaye AWDAL Borama Gebiley Baki Berbera W. GALBEED Ceel Afweyne Sheikh Bossaaso Ceerigaabo Las Qoray/Badhan Iskushuban SANAG Calula Qandala BARI Hargeysa Owdweyne Burco TOGDHEER Caynabo Xudun SOOL Talex Qardho Bandar Beyla Buuhoodle Laas Caanood Garowe Dangoroyo Burtinle NUGAL Eyl ETHIOPIA Cabudwaaq Jariiban Goldogob Galkacyo Cadaado MUDUG Hobyo Indian Ocean Dhusa Mareeb KENYA GEDO BAY BAKOOL Afgoye Baardheere Dinsor "/ Qoryoley Sakow Kurtun Warrey Marka M. JUBA Sablale Bu'aale Hagar Brava L. SHABELLE HIIRAN Rab-Dhuure Xudur Dolo Bulo Barde Luuq Wajid Tayeglow Beled Hawa Garbaharey Baydhaba Qansax Dheere Ceel Barde Ceel Waq Bur Hakaba Balcad MOGADISHU GALGADUD Beled Weyne Ceel Bur Jalalaqsi Jowhar Wanle Weyne Ceel Dheere Aden Yabal Cadale M. SHABELLE BANADIR Harardheere Livelihood zones Addun Pastoral: Mixed sheep & goats, camel Awdal border & coastal towns: Petty trading, fishing, salt mining Central regions Agro-Pastoral: Cowpea, sheep & goats, camel, cattle Coastal Deeh: Sheep Dawo Pastoral: Shoats, cattle, camel East Golis Pastoral: Frankinncense Fishing Gagaab Pastoral: Frankincense Guban Pastoral: Sheep, goats & camel Hawd Pastoral: Camel, sheep & goats Hiran Agro-Pastoral Hiran riverine: Sorghum, maize, cattle & shoats Juba pump irrigation: Tobacco, onions, maize Kakaar-Dharor Pastoral: Sheep, goats, camel L. & M. Shabelle Agro-Pastoral Irrigated: Maize/Sorghum & cattle L. & M. Shabelle Agro-Pastoral rain-fed: Maize,cowpeas, sesame & cattle Lower Juba Agro-Pastoral: Maize & cattle North-West Agro-Pastoral: Sorghum, cattle North-West Valley Agro-Pastoral: Irrigated vegetables, shoats Nugal Valley Pastoral: Sheep & camel Afmadow Jilib Potato zone & vegetables Shabelle riverine: Maize, fruits & vegetables Sool-Sanag Plateau Pastoral: Camel, sheep & goats L. JUBA Kismayo Badhadhe Jamaame ± South-East Pastoral: Cattle, sheep & goats Southern Agro-Pastoral: Camel, cattle, sorghum Southern Juba riverine: Maize, sesame, fruits & vegetables Southern coastal pastoral: Goats, cattle Togdheer Agro-Pastoral: Sheep, goats & vegetables Urban West Golis Pastoral: Goats, camel, sheep Bay-Bakool Agro-pastoral Low Potential Kilometers Bakool Agro-pastoral Low Potential Bay Agro-pastoral High Potential Southern Inland Pastoral: Camel, Sheep & Goats Datum: WGS84, Data Source: FSAU, 2009, Admin. layers: UNDP, 1998 Technical Partner Funding Agencies Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation SDC Food Security and Nutrition Analysis Unit - Somalia P.O. Box 1230 Village Market, Nairobi, Kenya fsauinfo@fsnau.org tel: fax: is managed by FAO The boundaries and names on these maps do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations. The regional & District boundaries reflect those endorsed by the Government of the Republic of Somalia in Other Publications: Food Security and Nutrition Quarterly Brief, November 2012 /FEWSNET Market Data Update, September 2012 /FEWSNET Climate Data Update, September 2012 Technical Series Report Nutrition Situation, September 2012 Technical Series Report, Post Gu October 2012 Physical Address: United Nations Somalia, Ngecha Road Campus. Postal address: PO Box 1230, Village Market, Nairobi, Kenya Telephone: Fax: , General info@fsnau.org Comments and information related to nutrition: grainne.moloney@fsnau.org, Website: