NAP preparation: Sudan s Experience

Transcription

1 NAP preparation: Sudan s Experience Nagmeldin Elhassan Senior Researcher, Climate Change Unit Higher Council for Environment and Natural Resources Bangkok 9/3/2015

2 Overview Why NAP is important for Sudan What is NAP Sudan NAP project Process for NAP preparation (7) Building on NAPA to prepare NAP NAP outcome and contents Way forwards Conclusions

3 Why NAP is important for Sudan Sudan is among the most vulnerable countries to the adverse effects of climate change Impacts of climate change are impeding achievement of national development objectives particularly on water, agriculture &food security and health sectors Achieving development objectives requires identifying suitable adaptation options and the integration of these into national planning Preparation of NAP is the main objectives of Sudan s National Implementation Strategy for climate change

4 What is NAP Is not a development plan per se, but it complements and enables development by addressing additional activities in response to climate change Aims towards building adaptive capacities and resilience of vulnerable communities and systems to climate change Consistent with development objectives and priorities Unlike the NAPA, NAP is comprehensive, it covers multiple sectors, all the States and the medium and long term adaptation needs

5 Sudan NAP project Implemented through a cooperation agreement between UNEP Sudan and HCENR In collaboration with the Governments of the 18 States of Sudan Funded by DIFD as part of the UNEP-Sudan umbrella project (SIEP) Total grant of 790,000 USD In-kind support from the national and state governments Implementation period: July 2011 Dec. 2013

6 Process for NAP preparation Establishing NAP process (institutions and consultations): Institutions established/strengthened at all the States consist of focal points and technical teams of experts. 4 national workshops: for capacity building and exchange of experiences among State s experts. 5 zonal/regional workshops: for awareness, capacity building, lessons learned and consultation on policies and institutional issues. 18 state-level workshops for awareness and capacity building and identification of priority adaptations needs Support for strengthening States institutions and data collection by State s expert teams throughout the NAP preparation.

7 Process for NAP preparation Activities at the State level: Assessment of current vulnerability of the water, agriculture (including food security) and health sectors Identification of adaptation options for vulnerable areas and systems Review of institutions, policies and development plans (mainstreaming) Consultation on priority vulnerabilities and adaptation options Awareness and technical capacity building Institutional support 3 stage process, each stage followed by a national workshop for exchange of experiences, sharing of lessons learned, training and planning of next stage

8 Process for NAP preparation: V&A assessments: Main objectives is to: Characterize vulnerability to climate change in priority sectors and areas; Identify adaptation options, (policies, projects and programmes, tech, etc). Scope of the assessment includes: Key climatic factors affecting vulnerable areas, sectors and systems Current and future vulnerabilities, Non-climatic factors contributing to vulnerability, The range of possible adaptation options to be included in the NAP

9 Process for NAP preparation: Vulnerability assessment approach: Vulnerability is function of a system exposure to climate risks, its sensitivity and its adaptive capacity (IPCC) Sudan assessment approach: vulnerability is a function of climatic and non-climatic factors to which a system is exposed

10 Climatic Factors Non-Climatic Factors Increasing temperature Lack of infrastructure and basic services Variability of rainfall (amount and distribution) Lack of skills and capacities, technologies and know-how Variability in the length of the rainy season Socio-economic factors (poverty, limited livelihood opportunities and population dynamics) Decreasing annual averages of rainfall Factors related to natural resources management, such as (overgrazing, land degradation and desertification) Changes in number of rainy days Lack of finance and access to funding opportunities Variability on the onset of rainy season Conflicts and security factors Increases in dry spells during the rainy season Factors relating to policies and institutions

11 Process for NAP preparation Data collection and reporting: State s reports vulnerability, adaptation assessments and state NAP report (main source of data, following 3 stages) 3 sectoral reports (water, agriculture and health) V&A assessment report on the coastal and marine resources Assessment report on the adequacy of research and systematic observation for climate adaptation. Climate scenarios study report covering climatic zones. 3 concept reports on vulnerability hotspot mapping, climate proofing and investment and finance flows.

12 Process for NAP preparation Who participated: 18 focal points from all the states of Sudan 18 technical committees, each has 8 20 members representing the government, research, academia and civil society and community organizations More than 250 participants in National Workshops More than 400 participants in zonal/regional workshops 20 national consultants 2 international consultants NAP activities in all states received high political support from the State s governments

13 Building on NAPA to prepare NAP NAPA institutions in the states (followed) NAPA consultation approach (followed) NAPA implementation (motivation, show case) Role NAPA state s experts (data collection, assessment and assisting other states) Sharing experience of NAPA V&A assessment, at the different stages of the NAP preparation Learning from NAPA, need to support and strengthen state institutions

14 NAP outcome and contents The Sudan s NAP (process) consist of the following documents: A national adaptation plan (NAP) includes: Introduction, context, framework, Vulnerability, Impacts & Adaptation Programmes and Activities, Enabling environment programmes: Regional climate scenario development, Improved observation networks, Enhanced National Research for adaptation, Vulnerability hotspot mapping, Adaptation investment and financial flows, Climate-proofing Implementation strategy An annex, State-Level Summaries: of the 18 states of Sudan. 18 state-level NAP reports containing: Details of the adaptation options as define through the NAP process and endorsed by the respective State s governments

15 Way forward Continue developing the NAP process: Technical and institutional capacity building and support to the states and NAP network that links all the states and HCEENR Improve knowledge, information and understanding of current and future vulnerabilities to climate risks (e.g. climate scenarios and impact modeling, etc) Integration of adaptation into policies and development planning at all level (national planning cycle- entry points) Building M&E system Implementation of the NAP outcomes: Development of good quality concepts and project proposals for priority adaptation options of the states Fund raising for NAP implementation targeting government, UNFCCC funds, other multilateral and bilateral sources

16 Conclusions Sudan has successfully mainstream climate change: mainstreaming is a process follows development in both national development and the NAP processes (priorities, achievements, knowledge, capacities, support, etc) The process to formulate the NAP was accomplished: A comprehensive NAP process has been established in Sudan however still need to be completed in some parts and strengthened NAPAs not a direct basis for NAPs: Sudan s NAPA experience and outcomes are good basis to build on for NAP preparation (however this may vary according to countries experiences with NAPA) Complex landscape when moving on to NAPs - stakeholders, unknowns about support for implementation, level of ambition: Funding and access to funding for implementation is key for establishing successful and a dynamic NAP processes, effective stakeholder engagement and integration into development

17 THANK YOU