The Influence of Biological Fertilization (Algafix and Bactofil) on the Corn and Sunflower Yields

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1 Interntionl Journl of Geology, Agriculture nd Environmentl Sciences Volume 3 Issue 5 Octoer 2015 Wesite: ISSN: The Influence of Biologicl Fertiliztion (Algfix nd Bctofil) on the Corn nd Sunflower Yields Dniel Trifn 1, 2, Mrcel Bulrd 1,3 1 Reserch Deprtment, Agriculturl Reserch nd Development Sttion of Bril, Sos. Vizirului, km. 9, Bril, Romni. 2 Agrochemicl Lortory, BRAICOOP Agriculturl Coopertive, No. 38, Imprtul Trin Street, Bril, Romni 3 Agriculture Deprtment, Dunre de Jos University of Glti, Engineering nd Agronomy Fculty of Bril, No. 29, Cle Clrsilor, Bril, Romni Astrct: Experience with io-fertilizers included two su-experiences,with mize nd sunflower. Plcing of experiences ws performed y the method of Ltin,rectngle in three repetitions, on Bril Plin, Romni, in 2014 yer. The iologicl products used were Bctofil nd Algfix, in four doses (V2 - Bctofil 285g / h + Algfix 1.5 l / h; V3 - Bctofil 500g / h + Algfix 2 l / h; V4 - Bctofil 571g / h + Algfix 2.5 l / h; V5 - Bctofil 642,8g / h + Algfix 3 l / h). The control ws vrint without fertilizers. Biometric mesurements were performed throughout the growing period nd t hrvest were determined elements of productivity nd verge production to determine optiml doses for incresed production in terms of quntity nd qulity. Keywords: io-fertilizers, doses, corn, sunflower, yield. 1. Introduction The importnce of iologicl fertiliztion increses continuously to prctice sustinle griculture nd decrese environmentl pollution. The specific consumption of nutrients for the species studied is very ig: corn consumed 27.5 kg N, P 2 O 5 nd 16.5 kg K 2 O 12.5kg nd sunflower consumed 36.5kg N, P 2 O 5 nd 50.0 kg 17.5kg K 2 O per ton of min nd secondry crop (Dvidescu, 1999). In cse of using orgnic products, these doses decresed significntly (Trifn, 2015). Mize nd sunflower re very importnt in world griculture, ut requires knowledge out growing res of hyrids nd vrieties, out fertiliztion nd the sowing nd hrmoniztion of ecologicl fctors with rtionl use of technologicl mesures specific to ech culture, while lso improving the physic, chemicl nd iologicl prmeters of soil nd implementtion of incentive income for frmers (Rinchit, 2008). 2. Mteril nd Methods Experience with different doses of io-fertilizers for corn nd sunflower culture ws plced in the field fter the Ltin rectngle method with engineering specifictions outlined in the digrm in Figure 1. In the experiment were used PR32F73 corn hyrid nd Adgio sunflower hyrid, with strong performnce in terms of production nd zoned for climtic conditions in Bril Plin. During vegettion we mde iometric mesurements (fig. 2) for height plnt, stem dimeter, length of the corn co nd dimeter of sunflower hed, no. seeds per co nd hed, productivity nd production elements. Figure 1. Experience scheme nd experimentl vrints The results were interpreted sttisticlly y nlysis of vrince nd correltion method, use MS Excel - Anov nd Correltion (Trifn, 2014). Figure 2. Imges with iometric mesurements in the vegettion period WOAR Journls Pge 65

2 3. Results nd Discussion 3.1 Height of plnts In corn experience, compred to the untreted vrint, there ws n increse of plnt height only t vrint V5 (642.8 g Bctofil + Algfix 3 l / h), with n verge growth of 3.7 cm (fig. 3 ). For sunflower, plnt height hd only superior vlue in V4 vrint (Bctofil 571 g / h + Algfix 2.5 l / h) with difference of 2 cm compred to untreted control (fig. 3). Figure 4. The grphs of stem dimeters () nd numer of dventitious roots t corn plnts In sunflower experience, the verge dimeter of the stem nd hed dimeter were not influenced y incresing doses of iofertilizers. The vlues were comprised etween 2.2 nd 2.7cm for stem dimeter, nd etween 15.2 nd 17.8 cm for hed dimeter of sunflower. 3.3 Elements of productivity The verge length of the co during milk stge ws etween the vlues 19.3 nd 21 cm, the est results re otined y vrints V3 (21 cm), V2, nd V4 (20.7 cm) nd V5 (20.5 cm) (fig. 5). The verge weight of co in milk stge ws higher in V4 vrint (239.9 g), followed in descending order of V5 (231 g), V3 (229.6 g) nd V2 (222.8 g) (fig. 5), while the verge numer of seeds per co ws higher in version V4 (528 seeds / co), followed in descending order y vrints V3 (506 seeds / co), V5 (504 seeds / co) nd V2 (500 seeds / co) (fig. 5c). Figure 3. Height plnts in corn experience () nd sunflower experience () 3.2 Dimeter of stem The verge of stem dimeter recorded significnt increse to the vrints V3, V4 nd V2, positively correlted with the verge numer of dventitious roots for corn plnts (fig. 4). Figure 5. The grphs of length co (), weight co () nd verge numer of seeds/co (c) in milk stge WOAR Journls Pge 66

3 The verge weight of the corn co t hrvest ws etween nd g vlues, nd the est result ws recorded in vrint V5, followed y V3 nd V2 (fig. 6). The verge numer of rows / co nd seeds / row - ws higher to vrint V5, followed y V3 nd V4 (fig. 6), nd the incresed production yield ws recorded in vrint V5 (84.6 %) compred to the untreted control (83.4%) (fig. 6c). Figure 6. The grphs of verge weight (), numer of row/co nd numer of seeds/row (), nd production yield (c) t hrvesting In the experience with sunflower, the verge weight of hed registered significnt increse compred to the control immeditely fter the ppliction of Algfix fertilizer (fig. 7), then, hs lmost uniform (fig. 7 ). The numer of seeds per hed, t hrvest, ws higher in vrint V5 (Bctofil 642g / h + Algfix 3.5 l / h) seeds / hed, followed in descending order of V3 version (Bctofil 500g / h + Algfix 2l / h) seeds / hed, nd V4 (Bctofil 571g / h + Algfix 2.5 l / h) seeds / hed (fig. 7c). The verge weight of seeds / hed ws clculted t stndrd humidity 11% nd rnged etween 98.7 g vlues nd g, the highest vlues eing recorded in vrint V5, followed in descending order y vrints V4 nd V3 seeing significnt increse with higher doses of io-fertilizers (fig. 7d). Figure 7. The grphs of hed weight t 10 July (), 18 August (), No. seeds/hed (c), nd weight of seeds/hed (d). 3.4 Productions The verge yields otined in corn experience were etween 5.97 to 8.02 t / h, the est result ws in vrint V5 (Bctofil 642,8g / h + Algfix 3 l / h) with production increse of 31% compred to the verge of experience, nd 34.3% compred to the untreted control, followed in descending order y vrint V4 (Bctofil 571g / h + Algfix 2.5 l / h), which hs chieved production increse of 15.9% from the verge experience nd 18.25% compred to the untreted control (Fig. 8 ). In sunflower experience, the verge production rnged from 2895 kg / h (V2) nd 3677 kg / h (V5), with significnt production increses otined y vrints V5 nd V4 with WOAR Journls Pge 67

4 10.4% nd 10% more thn verge of experience nd with 20.5% nd 20.2% more compred to untreted control. Production differences re showed in Figure 8, oserving very significnt positive differences t vrints V5 (+ 346,6kg / h) nd V4 (+ 334,6kg / h) compred to verge of experience, while vrints V2 nd V1 chieved very significnt negtive differences compred to verge of experience with kg / h, respectively kg / h. Figure 9. Correltions estlished etween io-fertilizers nd elements of productivity t corn () nd sunflower () Legend: * Positive significnt difference ** Positive distinct significnt difference *** Positive very significnt difference o Negtive significnt difference oo Negtive distinct significnt difference ooo Negtive very significnt difference Figure 8. Differences of yield in corn experience () nd suflower experience () compred to verge yield 3.5 Correltions The correltions estlished etween doses of Bctofil nd Algfix pplied, nd prmeters determined t corn plnts re shown in Figure 9, oserving tht y incresing the dose of io-fertilizers we cn produce significnt increse in the verge weight of co nd yield. In sunflower experience, there were significnt positive correltions etween doses of iofertilizers nd elements of productivity (fig. 9 ). 4. Conclusions Bio-fertilizers tretments of corn positively influenced the yield with incresing dose nd negtively for dimeter stem. The length of the com ws incresed in vrint V3, followed in descending order y vrints V2, V4, V5 nd V1, nd the numer of grins per co ws higher in vrint V4, followed in descending order y vrints V3, V5 nd V2. The vlues of productivity (MH nd MMB) expressed stndrd moisture of 17% were superior to the only vrint V2, compred with the control. Regrding the size of sunflower hed nd numer of seeds per hed, were chieved positive significnt difference compred to untreted vrint (V1) in the vrint V2 (1828 seeds/hed), followed in descending order y vrints V5, V4 nd V3, while productivity elements (MH nd MMB), reclculted to STAS humidity of 11%, were higher in vrint V4, followed in descending order y vrints V3, V5 nd V2. The doses of Bctofil 285g / h nd Algfix 1.5 l / h were the most suitles for mize nd sunflower to otin higher production. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This reserch work ws crried out with the support of S.C. AGRO BIOFORCE S.R.L. References [1] D. Dvidescu, V. Dvidescu, Compendiu grochimic, Editur Acdemiei Romne, Bucuresti, [2] L. Rînchită, G.M. Gheorghe, Influent fertilizrii cu zot si fosfor supr unor indici morfologici l flore-sorelui in conditiile de l SCDA Teleormn, Anlele U.S.A.M.V. Bucuresti, [3] D. Trifn, M. Bulrd, Importnce of using grphicl nd sttisticl computing progrms in griculturl reserch. Proceedings of the 10 th Interntionl Scientific Conference elerning nd Softwre for Eduction, Buchrest, pg , 2014 [4] D. Trifn, M. Bulrd, Studies regrding efficiency of iologicl fertiliztion with Algfix on winter rpe nd spring rley production, Scientific Ppers. Series A. Agronomy. Vol. LVIII, ISSN , pg , 2015 WOAR Journls Pge 68

5 Authors Profile Dniel Trifn, is reserch scientist t Agriculturl Reserch nd Development Sttion of Bril, nd Responsile resercher t Lortories of BRAICOOP Agriculturl Coopertive, PhD in Horticulture, Mster in Engineering nd Environmentl Protection, Engineer in Agriculture. In the pst, she ws ssistnt lecturer t Engineering nd Agronomy Fculty of Bril, Lower Dnue University of Glti, Romni. Domins of ctivity: Soil Sciences, Plnt Breeding, Environment Protection. Reserch ctivities: reserch in qulity soil prmeters determintion, under vrious technologicl system of crops, reserch in zonl vrieties for their ccommodtion on iotic nd iotic stress conditions, nlysis of qulity indictors in plnts, wter nd soil, sttisticl computing interprettion for griculturl experiences. Pulictions: 6 ppers indexed ISI Proceedings, 28 ppers BDI indexed, 18 ppers in other journls, 2 pulished ooks, reviewer in 4 foreign journl, memer in 4 ntionl reserch projects. Mrcel Bulrd, is mnger nd reserch scientist t Agriculturl Reserch nd Development Sttion of Bril, Lecturer t Lower Dnue University of Glti, Romni, Engineering nd Agronomy Fculty of Bril, PhD in Agriculturl Mechniztion Engineering, Mechnicl Engineer. Domins of ctivity: Agriculturl Reserch, Seeds production, Environment Protection. Reserch ctivities: Crete specific technologies used to improve the slinity nd those ffected y slting. Study nd estlish mechnized frm works nd equipment specific to the res ffected y drought, reserch on technicl nd economic spects of the cultivtion technology field plnts in minimum-till system nd no-till, estlish of energy indictors, qulity of service nd productivity of frm mchinery for mechnized plnts cultivtion technology. Pulictions: 44 ppers in ntionl nd interntionl journls, mnger of 6 ntionl projects. WOAR Journls Pge 69