Biochar For Improvement of Animal Heath and Productivity

Transcription

1 Biochar For Improvement of Animal Heath and Productivity

2 Summary of Research Findings Improve Quantity and Quality of Meat Reduce Disease in Animals Reduce or Eliminate Smells in Animal Housing Reduce External Inputs and Increase Profitability Increase Soil Quality

3 Summary of Research Findings

4 Feeding Biochar and Molasses to Cows (.33kg/day) Adding Dung Beetles Increases Pasture Productivity by 25% Data from Doug Pow and Kathy Dawson Biochar Coated with nutrients and microbes Al N Si S Mg P S K Ca Fe

5 Biochar Increased Soil Properties (Available P and K, TOC, Nitrate, Between 2011 and Soil samples across transect pooled

6 Beetles Mix Clayey Soil Around Dung and Biochar and Move Through the Soil to a Depth of 40cm Improved ph, C and N content Depth Soil Properties No BC Soil Properties With BC 0-5cm C= 5.7 N=.48 ph= 5.4 C= 6.0 N=.47 ph= cm 40cm C= 2.1 N=.13 ph= 5.0 C= 3.6 N=.24 ph= 6.1 C=.67 N=.03 ph= 5.3 C= 2.0 N=.11 ph= 5.8

7 Image ad Analysis of Biochar Surface taken from Dung (A), 0-5cm (B)10-15cm(C), 15-20cm(D) A C O Al Si P S K Aa Ca Fe B C O N Al Mg Si P S Bb K Ca C C O Cc N P S Ca D O Al Dd

8 TEM Image and Analysis of Biochar Surface taken from 10-20cm in the Ground. Image b) and c) indicate Fe nanoparticles. Image d) shows the porous nature of the biochar

9 Indicative Benefits in Feeding BC to Cows and Adding Dung Beetles No Drenching and Insecticide, No Purchase Hay and Fertilisers Strategies CP1 CP2 $ CP3 Biochar Costs Fertiliser $5,210 $5,210 $6,630 Drench $600 $600 $600 Insect Spray $500 $500 $500 Hay $15,600 $13,200 $7,000 Maintenance/Depreciation $3,000 Biochar/Molasses $1,000 Total Costs $21,910 $19,510 $17,730 $1,000 Income $54,000 $54,000 $54,000 $49,500 Income-Costs $32,090 $34,490 $36,270 $48,500 CP1= Buying hay CP2 = Growing hay. Contractor to harvest CP3 = Growing hay and harvesting oneself Increase of $12,250/yr.

10 Oral Application of Biochar and Humic acids to Dairy Cows Influences Clostridium botulinum Blood Serum Antibody Level A total of 380 Schleswig Holstein cows suffering from chronic botulism were fed daily with 400 g/bc for 4 weeks (1-4 weeks of study), 200 g/bc (5-10 weeks of study), 200g BC and 500 ml Sauerkraut juice/animal (13-16 weeks of study), 200 g BC and 100 ml Aquahumin/animal (15-18s week of study), 100 g BC and 50 ml Aquahumin (19-22 weeks of study) followed by 4 weeks without any supplementation. Bacteriological and immunological parameters investigated included C. botulinum and botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) in faeces, C. botulinum ABE and CD antibodies, positive acute phase proteins (APPs) haptoglobin and LPS-binding protein (LBP) using serum ELISA, negative APP paraoxanase by its enzymatic activity and glyphosate in urine by ELISA. Neither BoNT nor C. botulinum was detected in feacal samples. From week six until four weeks before the end of the study, there was a significant reduction in antibody levels. All supplementation, except low doses of BC (200g / animal) alone, led to a significant reduction of C. botulinum ABE and CD antibody levels. There also was a significant reduction of glyphosate in urine following supplementation with a combination of 200g BC plus either 500 ml sauerkraut juice or humic acid. Haptoglobin, paraoxanase and LBP were significantly increased by the 24th week of the study. In conclusion, a charcoal-sauerkraut juice combination and humic acids could be used to control chronic botulism and glyphosate damage in cattle.

11 Added biochar at different rates 25g/kg, 50g/kg and 100g/kg for the first 28 days and then at different periods during the final growth period. Found increase in carcass weight and yield and fat excretion and reduced excretion of minerals when only applied at 25g/kg for the first 28 days.

12 Live weight, kg Biochar increases growth rate in local Yellow cattle in Lao PDR Biochar No biochar Days on experiment Leng et al 2012

13 Reduces Emissions and Nutrient Run-Off

14 The Impact of Addition of Wheat Straw Biochar to Chicken Feed Feed 1. Four random groups of 25 healthy broilers each of Rose 308 (22-day-old, body weight about 670 g each, in good health) were feed for 33 days with either 0, 1%, 5% and 10% wheat straw biochar to their basal diet. 2. At 5%BC weight increased 10.12% and the breast muscle rate by 23.42% broiler abdominal fat was reduced by 31.44%. 3. There was a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol and serum triacylglycerol yield increase survival rate Total cholesterol Triglyceride Abdominal fat rate Treatment g/day % mg/100g meat mg/100g meat mg/100g meat CK 49.5±4.9b 96±8.9a 3.27±0.3a 0.69±0.17a 4.04±0.70a BC rate 1% 52.8±2.7ab 100±0a 3.14±0.20ab 0.53±0.20b 3.37±0.75ab BC rate 5% 54.5±5.1a 100±0a 2.92±0.4b 0.42±0.13b 2.77±0.84b BC rate 10% 52.0±2.6ab 96±8.9a 3.13±0.3ab 0.47±0.09b 3.11±1.24b

15 Charcoal application for Poultry farming in Japan Feed Mixture of Biochar and Wood Vinegar to Chicks who are ill Introduce biochar into Feed after Chicks recover

16 Component of feed 4% 3%2% 2%2%1% corn powder rice bran 4% fish meal alfalfa 6% fossil 55% grinded sesami gluten(corn) 21% oyster shell CaCo3 Charcoal

17 Effects of biochar on slaughter performance of breeding pigs increase Item Control group Experimental group carcass weight(kg) carcass length(cm) dressing percentage(%) backfat thickness(mm) fat rate(%) 65.33±3.06b ±3.65b 65.54±0.42a 12.84±1.36a 0.94±0.18a 81.67±1.53a ±4.75a 65.72±0.96a 13.86±2.65a 1.11±0.16a

18 Effects of biochar on tetracycline antibiotics residue of breeding pigs(μg/kg) Oxytetracycli ne Tetracycline Control group Experimental group 28.13% pork 22.04±1.75a 15.84±4.32b pig liver ±22.93a ±20.38a pig kidney ± % pork 23.28±2.58a 8.75±1.50b pig liver 28.71±7.09a 23.99±3.70a pig kidney 51.43±15.82a 37.23±4.55a 12.05% pork ±14.97a ±12.88b Aureomycin pig liver ±187.57a ±177.25b pig kidney ±285.93a ±124.55b

19 Biochar in Aquaponics; What are the economics Nick Savidov & Mike Nichols Massey University, New Zealand Wednesday, August 27, 2008 Lima, Peru