CROP REPORT. USDA National Agriculture Summary Corn & Soybeans ISSUE 2: JULY, 2016

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1 ISSUE 2: JULY, 2016 TM CROP REPORT USDA National Agriculture Summary Corn & Soybeans Corn: By June 26, silking was estimated at 6 percent complete, 3 percentage points ahead of last year and slightly ahead of the 5-year average. Overall, 75 percent of the corn crop was reported in good to excellent condition, unchanged from last week but 7 percentage points above the same time last year. Iowa and Illinois, the two largest cornproducing States, were rated at 79 percent and 71 percent, respectively, in good to excellent condition. Soybeans: Ninety-five percent of the Nation s soybean crop was emerged by June 26, seven percentage points ahead of last year and 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average. Nationally, 9 percent of the soybean crop was blooming by week s end, 2 percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Progress was most advanced in the Soybeans; Hope, MN Mississippi Delta, with 62 percent blooming in Louisiana, 49 percent in Arkansas, and 43 percent in Mississippi. Overall, 72 percent of the soybeans were reported in good to excellent condition, down slightly from last week and slightly below the same time last year. USDA June 30th Acreage Report June 30, 2016 Corn Planted Acreage Up 7 Percent from 2015 Soybean Acreage Up 1 Percent All Wheat Acreage Down 7 Percent All Cotton Acreage Up 17 Percent Corn planted area for all purposes in 2016 is estimated at 94.1 million acres, up 7 percent from last year. This represents the third highest planted acreage in the United States since Area harvested for grain, at 86.6 million acres, is up 7 percent from last year and represents the third highest area harvested for grain since Soybean planted area for 2016 is estimated at a record high 83.7 million acres, up 1 percent from last year. Area for harvest, at 83.0 million acres, is also up 1 percent from 2015 and will be a record high if realized. 1

2 SunOpta Crop Report - July 2016 Michigan & Ontario Provided by Emily Shettler, Agronomy & Procurement Division Planting Conditions: Organic: The conditions remained dry for most of the great lakes region which helped with planting but, is now starting to become an issue for crops. Planting for organic corn and soybeans is now 100% complete. Some uneven emergence in both corn and soybeans was reported due to the dry conditions, but for the most part was not extreme enough to replant. The USDA is reporting the conventional corn crop as 50% good and 13% excellent. Soybeans are being reported as 96% emerged compared to last year s 99% emerged. Soybean conditions were reported at 53% good and 10% excellent. Growing Conditions: Organic: Most areas have remained drier than usual this season with rainfall totals ranging from near normal to 4.8 inches below the five-year average. A few pockets within the region have reported sufficient moisture to even excessive moisture, but most have remained dry. Above average temperatures have held for most of the month and the ten day outlook shows little signs of relief from the excessive heat. According to the National Weather Service, the 8-14 day outlook shows temperatures heating up with highs in the mid 80s to low 90s. The drought is expected to deepen for much of Michigan and into Ontario with little to no rainfall in the extended forecast. The growing degree days accumulated (86-50) since May 15 ranges from 793 to 763 GDD which is above the five-year average of 755 to 716 GDD. Crop Quality and Growth Stage: Organic: Organic Corn is currently in the V3 to V6 stage. Throughout the central part of Michigan and into the thumb, the corn leaves are starting to curl and in a small amount of fields the leaf edges are starting to brown also known as firing. Organic soybeans are in the VC to V3 stage. The soybeans tend to be more tolerant to moisture stress and overall still look good at this time. Insect Issues / Weed Pressure: Organic: The dry conditions have led to very clean fields with little weed pressure. Most crops have not canopied so cultivators will still be on hand for use after the next rainfall. Certain insects thrive in dry hot conditions so farmers will need to scout fields for insects such as aphids and spider mites. Yield Estimates: Organic: If the dry conditions continue we could see below average yields in both organic corn and soybeans. The crops need soil moisture for the roots to absorb nutrients from the soil. Both crops also tend to be shorter and have reduced levels of photosynthesis (corn will curl leaves and soybeans will flip leaves to limit sunlight exposure in order to conserve moisture) during drought conditions which has a negative effect on yield potential. Drought stress during soybean vegetative growth stages usually has less effect on yield potential compared to corn. However, it is still early and the region is only considered abnormally dry as of June 21st on the USDA drought monitor. A good amount of rainfall at this stage could really help to put both crops back on track. Organic Corn; Tuscola County, MI Organic Soybeans; Tuscola County, MI 2

3 SunOpta Crop Report - July 2016 Northern Minnesota, North Dakota & South Dakota Provided by Mark Halvorson, Agronomy & Procurement Division Planting Conditions: IP Conventional: Soybeans in our region are 100% planted. Heavy rains slowed planting down towards the end of the month, but the vast majority of growers were able to get their planned acres in. Sub-soil moistures are 1% very short, 10% short, 74% adequate, and 15% surplus. Top-soil moistures are 1% very short, 10% short, 73% adequate, and 16% surplus. Organic: Organic corn and soybeans in our region are 99% planted except for a few fields that needed to be replanted. Overall, planting conditions were above average for SunOpta s growers. Crop Quality and Growth Stage: IP Conventional & Organic: Soybeans are 96% emerged versus 90% at this time last year and ahead of the 5-year average of 80%. Some soybeans that were planted early took nearly 2 weeks to emerge Soybeans; Cass County, ND due to the wet conditions, but stands don t appear to be affected. Plants range in height dramatically depending on the region, a small percentage is just emerged while some are well over 12 inches tall. The majority of the soybeans are 6-8 inches in height and in the V2 to V4 stage. According to the USDA, soybean conditions in this region are rated 0% very poor, 3% poor, 20% fair, 65% good, and 12% excellent. There are some areas where the soybeans are yellow due to Iron Chlorosis and chemical set back, but they are starting to come out of it. In far northern Minnesota and southern Manitoba there have been very heavy rains and there are parts of the crop that may be drowned out. It will take a few weeks to access the total damage. Organic corn is 100% emerged. Corn condition ratings came in at 1% very poor, 2% poor, 17% fair, 65% good and 15% excellent. The corn in this region is in the V6 stage on average which is normal for this date. Yield Estimates: IP Conventional: Soybeans are ahead of schedule and if weather patterns persist, yields look to be above average. Organic: Both the organic corn and soybeans were planted ahead of schedule this year and weather conditions have been optimal so far. At this time, it appears yields will be above average. Insect Issues / Weed Pressure: IP Conventional: There have been few reports of insect pressure at this time, but with temperatures expected to rise and wet conditions present, growers are actively scouting fields. Pre-emerge chemicals appear to have been very effective and fields look relatively clean. Growers have been applying post-emerge chemicals where needed and airplane sprayers are being used in wet environments. Organic: Growers have been able to perform tillage after planting due to good soil conditions. At this point, weeds haven t been much of an issue and there have been no problems with insects. Growing Conditions: IP Conventional & Organic: Growing degree days are around 750 which is GDD above average. Temperatures over the past month have averaged in the mid 70 s which is above normal for this time of year. Rainfall totals in June were between 5-7 inches Soybeans; Norman County, MN with some small areas receiving nearly 10 inches. Overall, this was 1-2 inches above normal causing the wet soil conditions mentioned earlier. The short term forecast for the region shows warmer temperatures and below normal rainfalls. The long term forecast has temperatures staying above normal and precipitation totals average to below average which could lower yields. 3

4 SunOpta Crop Report - July 2016 Southern Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois, Wisconsin Provided by Tony Schiller & Chad Stannard, Agronomy & Procurement Division Planting Conditions: Organic: Organic corn and soybean planting is for the most part complete, anything still being planted at this point is either double crop or replant. The majority of crops were planted with ideal conditions. Crop Quality and Growth Stage: IP Conventional: Corn growth has been tremendous with some corn now over 4 feet tall. Corn is in the V9 to V10 stage and will now add a new leaf about every 2 to 3 days until tasseling. Both corn and soybeans have a nice green color and are looking good. Soybeans are in the V5 stage and 8 to 12 inches tall. Some of the early planted soybeans have started to flower. USDA s weekly crop progress report has corn at 75% good to excellent, which has stayed the same from the previous week (compared to 68% a year ago). Soybeans are at 72% good to excellent, declined by 1% from the previous week (compared to 63% a year ago). Minnesota corn came in at 81% good to excellent and soybeans came in at 75% good to excellent. Minnesota for the second straight year rates toward the top in crop condition ratings. Organic: Organic corn is anywhere from the V5-V12 stage. The corn has been growing rapidly and some of the earlier planted corn is determining the size of ear and the number of kernels right now. The corn is canopying in most spots; this will aid in weed control for the rest of the season. Organic soybean growth stages are all over, the majority of them are still in the vegetative state with some starting to flower. Yield Estimates: IP Conventional: As of now the crops look good in southern Minnesota however the excessive rain has caused ponding in some fields which will affect the overall yields. Yields still look to be average to above average in southern Minnesota. Organic: It is too early to tell how this 2016 corn and soybean crop will yield. As of now the IA and Southern MN crops have the capability to yield above average. Insect Issues & Weed Pressure: IP Conventional: Postemergence herbicide applications have been successful at controlling the weeds this year with some isolated cases of farmers having to respray. Overall fields are looking pretty clean as of now. Corn; Northwest, IA Organic: There have not been any issues with insects this growing season. The weed pressure is not as heavy as past years, it seems the weather has given the farmers the opportunity to stay ahead of the weeds with mechanical tillage. Growing Conditions: IP Conventional: June started out cool and dry and by mid-june the weather turned warm and humid resulting in severe storms and heavy rain across south-central Minnesota. Over 3-inches of rain came in one day resulting in water ponds in some fields. Soybeans that were under water more than 2 days did not recover and will result in a loss. Corn for the most part was not affected as it was tall enough to stand up above the water. The end of June was warm and dry, which was good for crop growth and also helped to dry up some of the ponds created by all the rain. Some farmers were able to go in and replant the areas that were drowned out. Temperatures for June have averaged 70.5 degrees, 2 degrees above normal. Rainfall totaled 4.75 inches for June which is right at the normal. Since May 1 we have now accumulated GDUs or 13% more than normal. Last year at this time the temperature was 68.3 degrees, rain fall was 7.62 inches, and had accumulated GDUs. Organic: Warm is the best word to describe this past month, the state of IA has averaged almost 5 degrees above the long term average. The southern part of MN has averaged almost 4 degrees above average. For the most part the precipitation is close to the long term average. There have been a few storms that brought heavy rain causing some ponding and drowned out areas, but this did not seem to affect many of the SunOpta acres. Overall, the weather has been great for the crops this season. 4

5 U.S. Drought Monitor June 28, 2016 Corn & Soybeans: Percent Planted & Percent Emerged Week ending June 26, 2016 State Corn: Percent Silking June 26, 2016 Previous Year 5 Year Avg. IL IN IA MI MN ND SD WI State Soybeans: Percent Blooming June 26, 2016 Previous Year 5 Year Avg. IL IN IA MI MN ND SD WI Corn: Condition by Percent State VP P F G EX IL IN IA MI MN ND SD WI Soybeans: Condition by Percent State VP P F G EX IL IN IA MI MN ND SD WI

6 Soybean & Corn Growth Stages - Vegetative Stages of Soybean VE Emergence - cotyledons have been pulled through the soil surface Critical Field Corn Growth Stages Growth Stage Days after Emerge Growth Event Importance VC V1 V2 V4 Unrolled unifoliolate leaves - unfolding of the unifoliolate leaves First trifoliolate - one set of unfolded trifoliolate leaves Second trifoliolate - two sets of unfolded trifoliolate leaves Fourth trifoliolate - four unfolded trifoliolate leaves V Seminal root system and ear shoots initiated V4 V Ear shoot initiation complete V Nodal root system established V12 V Number of ovules determined Seedling vigor seen, ears established Number of kernel rows determined Plant s ability to take up nutrients & water is established Number of kernels per row determined V(n) nth trifoliolate - Unfolding of trifoliolate leaves continues. The final number of trifoliolate's depends on the soybean variety and the environmental conditions R Pollen shed begins, brace roots establish, near maximum root mass Source: NDSU Agriculture Kernel fertilization, support ear weight, kernel fill CBOT Soybean Future Price August 2016 / 3 month trend Hope Office 3824 SW 93rd St Hope, MN Moorhead Office th Ave S Moorhead, MN grains@sunopta.com 6