Climate Change affecting Land Use in the Mekong Delta: Adaptation of Rice-based Cropping Systems (CLUES)

Transcription

1 Climate Change affecting Land Use in the Mekong Delta: Adaptation of Rice-based Cropping Systems (CLUES) International project leader: Dr. Reiner Wassmann (IRRI) National project leader: Prof. Le Quang Tri (DRAGON-MK-CTU) Project coordinator: Dr. Nguyen Hieu Trung (DRAGON-MK-CTU)

2 Project aim and objectives Objective: to increase the adaptive capacity of rice production systems in the Mekong Delta Region. Project Consortium: International Rice Research Institute, Philippines Can Tho University, Climate Change Research Institute (DRAGON-MK, CTU) College of Environment and Natural Resources College of Agriculture and Applied Biology Mekong Delta Research Institute Hoa An Bio-diversification Center Cuu Long Delta Rice Research Institute, Hau Giang Southern Institute for Water Resource Planning, HCMC Institute for Agricultural Sciences, HCMC CSIRO Land and Water, Canberra, Australia Yanco Agricultural Institute, I&I NSW, Australia

3 Working hypotheses 1. Recent climatic extremes can be taken as an entry point for assessing future climatic situations 2. Hydrological changes will be the major driver of climate change in the delta 3. The key to adaptation in rice production is improved tolerance to flooding and salinity WP 6 Greenhouse Gas Emissions WP 1 Hydrological Modeling WP 2 Plant Breeding WP 5 Land Use Planning WP 3 Natural Resource Man. WP 4 Socioeconomics

4 Site Selection An Giang Deep-flooded zone Omon Alluvial soil Hoa An Acid sulphate soil Bac Lieu Saline zone

5 WP1. Hydrological modeling What are the impacts of climate extremes in terms of flooding and salinity? Detailed maps of flooding and salinity intrusion under different CC scenarios

6 WP2: Plant breeding To what extent can we use advanced breeding approaches to improve stress tolerance rice to flooding and salinity and how to improve anaerobic germination? New rice varieties with single or combined tolerance Improvement of salinity and submergence resilience of locally-adapted rice varieties and elite lines IR64-Sub1 Samba-Sub1 IR49830 (Sub1) Samba IR64 Samba IR42 IR42 IR49830 (Sub1) IR64 IR64-Sub1 IR49830 (Sub1) Samba IR64 IR64-Sub1 Samba-Sub1 IR42 IR49830 (Sub1) IR64-Sub1 IR42 IR49830 (Sub1) Samba Samba-Sub1 IR64

7 WP3: Natural Resource Management How will CC impacts differ within the delta and how can NRM be improved to cope with it? Site specific recommendations for NRM Work with local communities and local governments Participatory constraint analysis of present cropping systems under unfavorable weather conditions Participatory design and implement of field experiments for testing new cropping systems and technologies Process study in laboratories Deep flooded zone: Thoai Son Alluvial soil: Thoi Lai Acid sulphate soil: Hoa An Saline soil: Phuoc Long and Gia Rai

8 WP4 Socio-economics What is the best way to learn from farmers experiences in dealing with drought, flood and salinity problems in recent years? To be integrated into NRM recommendations Baseline livelihood assessments Sustainable livelihood and adaptation strategy assessments Policy and institutional arrangement analysis Participatory fine-tuning of project-generated technologies and assessing benefits in terms of adaptive capacity Explore possible extension pathways of research findings of the project

9 WP5. Land use planning Case study: Bac Lieu province (a coastal province) What are the options of land uses for alleviating impacts of CC in the coastal area? Exemplary master plan for one province (considering the outcomes from other WPs: potential LUTs, farming techniques, socioeconomic and environment issues,)

10 WP6 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Provide training and scientific infrastructure to facilitate initial GHG emission measurements in rice systems and to record baseline emissions from conventional management and adaptation technologies.

11 Planned impacts Capacity impacts Enhanced capacity to select for well characterized genes conferring tolerance of abiotic stresses Established laboratory facilities for GHG emission studies in the MDR and supplied necessary field equipment and training for emission records in agricultural systems Added expertise on rice-based cropping systems to the CTU/ DRAGON focal point for research and training on CC in the Mekong Delta Farmers, NGOs and extension personnel at selected sites trained on site, in aspects of participatory research and evaluation, and in providing feedback during different stages of the project, for eventual impact and relevance.

12 Planned impacts Community impacts Economic impacts: With Marker-assisted backcrossing, significant economic benefits to breeding programs and to farmers are expected (Saltol and Sub1 could be incorporated into popular varieties within 2-3 years) Use of short-maturing varieties, together with effective NRM practices and efficient cropping systems enhance farmers' income and provide more opportunities for sustainable livelihood options. Sustained or enhanced production of rice will contribute to Vietnam foreign exchange via rice exportation, benefit rural development of the MD. Increased capacity of farmers and communities to mitigate the negative impacts of CC by making use of different adaptation options that are economically feasible for their characteristics. Enhancing the capacity of policy makers to understand the Agr. systems in the context of CC

13 Planned impacts Community impacts Social impacts The reduced vulnerability to CC impacts of rice-based production systems within the MD will prevent the collapse of this important food growing area. Better access to knowledge through web-based knowledge banks, and other materials speed up the extension of the project outputs within and beyond the target sites. Securing food supply and providing diversity of livelihood options Reduce vulnerability and social inequity better manage risk in a CC context and provide adaptation options to most disadvantaged groups. Strengthen community-based local seed systems to ensure effective and efficient production and timely distribution of sufficient high quality seeds to farmers contribute to higher yields and income.

14 Planned impacts Community impacts Environmental impacts Use of salt- and sub-tolerant varieties bring back land and water resources that are currently underused/not being used, and this could free precious water resources in other areas for alternative uses including Env. services. Providing alternative income sources and livelihood options will help prevent overexploitation of natural resources and ease Env. degradation in these highly vulnerable coastal areas. CC impact assessment formulate policies and practices to reduce undesirable impacts of CC and facilitate designing proper coping strategies to mitigate likely harmful consequences. Appropriate NRM and improved technologies reduce pollution load (acidity, agrochemicals) to the surrounding water and gases losses to the atmosphere. Env. impacts of adaptation options will be examined through an assessment of the overall livelihoods responses with CC.

15 Thank you for your attention