PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES AND OTHER PROTOCOLS IN TRADE ENVIRONMENT. Nolan Africander Directorate: Plant Health

Transcription

1 PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES AND OTHER PROTOCOLS IN TRADE ENVIRONMENT Nolan Africander Directorate: Plant Health

2 OUTLINE PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES GLOBAL TRADING ENVIRONMENT WTO-SPS AGREEMENT INTERNATIONAL PLANT PROTECTION CONVENTION (IPPC) RESPONSIBILITIES IMPORT/EXPORT PROTOCOLS CHALLENGES AND CONCLUSION

3 What Is a Phytosanitary Measure? Phyto-sanitary refers to plant health and officially controlled pests Measure refers to any Legislation, regulation or official procedure for Preventing impact of regulated pests 3

4 GLOBAL TRADING ENVIRONMENT SA Part of global trading environment Trade with different international markets Risk of introducing pest and diseases (plant and plant products) National and natural borders are no longer effective barriers to spread and introduction of unwanted organisms. Protect our environment against foreign pests and diseases 4

5 WTO-SPS AGREEMENT Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures The right to protect human, animal or plant life or health Avoiding unnecessary barriers to trade 5

6 WTO-SPS AGREEMENT Key Provisions of the SPS Agreement Non-discrimination Scientific justification harmonization risk assessment consistency least trade-restrictiveness Equivalence Regionalization Transparency Technical assistance/special treatment Control, inspection and approval procedures 6

7 International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) One of three standard setting bodies recognized under the WTO- SPS Agreement Purpose: To secure common and effective action to prevent the spread and introduction of pests of plants and plant products, and to promote appropriate measures for their control Scope: Covers international cooperation in protecting plants and plants products from harmful pests Plants : include agricultural crops, forests, wild flora Pests : include insects, pathogens, weeds Harm : includes indirect effects such as from weeds 7

8 RESPONSIBILITIES The New Revised Text of the IPPC Requires that Contracting Parties designate a National Plant Protection Organisation (NPPO) as the official authority for phytosanitary measures NPPOZA = DAFF PH AND APIS 8

9 RESPONSIBILITIES Defines specific responsibilities of the National Plant Protection Organisation Negotiations for new markets Pest risk analysis for the development of phytosanitary measures Inspections and Phytosanitary certification Surveillance for pest outbreaks and control (regulated pests) Diagnostic and Quarantine Services Draft National regulations/ standards based on International Standards Training and awareness 9

10 IPPC Benefits under IPPC Participation in international trade Process of setting International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures. Provision of Technical Assistance Dispute Resolution Information exchange No additional financial obligations 10

11 IMPORT/EXPORT PROTOCOLS GAIN: Opening of new markets RETAIN: Ongoing inputs to keep existing markets open 11 OPTIMISE: Ongoing inputs to improve terms and scope of access to existing markets

12 COMMUNICATION REGARDING THE INITIATION OF FRUIT EXPORTS Exports actions are undertaken on request & in collaboration with SA Industries Technical meeting regarding Market Access issues with representatives of different industries ( CGA, PPECB, Subtrop, etc) are held every two months Day to day communication with different industries Ongoing communication with counterpart NPPOs in consultation with all the role players 12

13 ESTABLISHMENT OF AN EXPORT PROGRAMME Global access for plant & plant products is based on: Pest Risk Analysis (PRA) by importing country 3 stages of PRA Initiation stage: Identifying the pests and pathway Risk assessment: Scientific evaluation of pest Risk Management: setting appropriate mitigation measures Bilateral liaison between NPPOs (which can take many years) Authorization by importing country Issue of import permit Protocol/ Directive 13

14 Current major exports markets Citrus EU, Japan, South Korea, China, Iran, USA, Middle East, Russia, Africa, India, etc. Table grapes China, Israel, EU, Iran Stone fruit EU Persimmons EU, Israel Apples and pears EU, USA, Taiwan 14 Main pests of concern Fruit flies (Mediterranean and Natal fruit fly) False Codling Moth (FCM) Codling moth And others

15 New Major Market currently in negotiation Citrus - Australia, Thailand, Philippines, Syria, Lebanon ; South Korea (Lemon & Grape fruit, soft citrus) Apples and pears China, Australia Table grapes - Japan, South Korea, Australia, Mexico Persimmons USA Plumcots and apricots -USA 15

16 REGULATING EXPORTS OF FRUIT Phytosanitary inspections to verify compliance with the needs of the importing country, and Issuing phytosanitary certificates 16

17 CHALLENGES Non Compliance Limited cooperation between DAFF, Provincial, local and other departments, different industries, other role players and stake holders Lack of information regarding requirements of different importing countries Lack of technical information (Scientific information) 17 Inconsistency regarding communication from importing countries Smuggling

18 NEW PHYTO THREATS Fruit flies Bactrocera species Citrus Canker Aster Yellow phytoplasma Propagative materials Other pests and diseases 18

19 CONCLUSION South Africa has a great potential to access new International markets Compliance Effective Communication Reliable scientific information of DAFF, commodity pests & diseases Provincial, Local, Plant health legislation & other standards departments Scientists Market access & maintenance Different Industries & stakeholders Team Work (shared responsibility) Assignees Producers / farmers 19 YOU AND US = wrong X WE = BEST

20 CONTACT DETAILS Nolan Africander Directorate: Plant Health Tel /1625 Fax Import/Export Protocols Mashudu Silimela Directorate: Plant Health Tel

21 21 THANK YOU