Precision Manure Management. Chris Augustin Nutrient Management Specialist Carrington Research Extension Center

Transcription

1 Precision Manure Management Chris Augustin Nutrient Management Specialist Carrington Research Extension Center

2 Manure Pattern Distribution Factors

3 3 Solid Manure Spreader Types

4 Most Common Simple Operation Narrow application swath Leaves clumps Uneven Distribution Apron vs. Hydraulic Push-Off Horizontal Beater

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6 Side Delivery Breaks up material well Great for light applications of manure Handles wet and solid manures Wide spreader pattern Fairly Uniform spread pattern

7 Side Delivery Spreader Hanna et al., 2008

8 Vertical Beater Fairly even spread pattern Breaks up material Wide spread pattern Great for no-till operations

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10 -10a -7a -5a -2a 0a 2a 5a 7a 10a 12.5a -10b -7b -5b -2b 0b 2b 5b 7b 10b 12.5b Manure (tons/acre) Finding Variation of Application Horizontal Distance (ft) Hanna et al., 2008

11 -10a -7a -5a -2a 0a 2a 5a 7a 10a 12.5a -10b -7b -5b -2b 0b 2b 5b 7b 10b 12.5b Manure (tons/acre) Finding Variation of Application Horizontal Distance (ft)

12 Manure (tons/acre) Finding Variation of Application Horizontal Distance (ft) Hanna et al., 2008 Hanna et al., 2008

13 FT Finding Variation of Application Hanna et al., 2008 FT

14 Finding Variation of Application Find percent difference from maximum. If zone is greater than 30% adjust path by over lapping. Left Right Application Rate (tons/ac) % From Maximum Average Application Rate (tons/ac) 13.1

15 Finding Variation of Application Application Rate (tons/ac) % From Maximum Average Application Rate (tons/ac) Adjusted Application Rate (tons/ac) Adjusted % From Max % Cutoff Adjusted Application Rate (tons/ac) 15.1

16 1,176ft 2 field lengths/load for longest field length Flag 1= 3 field lengths/load N 1,000ft Flag 3= 4 field lengths/load 750ft 600ft

17 # of Passes Field Length (Feet) Spreader Width Spreader Weight Manure Application Rate (Tons/Ac) 2 1, ,000 8 Feet 20.1 Tons Average= We adjusted # of passes when application rate was greater than 15%

18 Conclusions Spreader types vary application pattern and rate. Rear delivery system will apply higher rate of manure at the same speed as a side delivery system. Side delivery systems can cover a wider area in one pass, but this reduces application rates. Regardless of spreader, compensating for variation can reduce differing fertility zones. Adjust # of passes accordingly as field length changes.

19 Spring Wheat Response of Fall vs. Spring Applied Manure 2008 and 2009 Applied 150lbs of N from manure (50% mineralization) and urea Conventional Till Spring and Fall application

20 Cost Analysis of Manure Fertilizer = $415/ton = $470/ton = $500/ton = $465/ton $64/25 tons Manure Manure Analysis /ton

21 Dollars per Pound of Nutrient Cost of Various Fertilizers Nutrient Source

22 Things to Remember The cost for conventional fertilizer application was not assumed Soil benefits from manure Need to utilize manure anyways

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25 Bushels Wheat Yield Over 2 Years c 48 a 45 ab 40 b p=0.05

26 % Protein Wheat Kernel Protein Over 2 Years a b 14.5 b 14.1 b p=0.05

27 Spring Wheat Response of Fall vs. Spring Applied Manure Yield = Urea (a) > Fall Manure (ab) > Spring Manure (b) > Check (c) Protein = Urea (a) > Fall Manure (b) > Spring Manure (b) > Check (b) Both growing season were not ideal for microbial action 50% N mineralization should be adjusted for high N demands during early growth

28 Did the Manure Make Me Money? $4.20 Base Price 15.3% Protein = $5.70/bu 14.5% Protein = $5.40/bu 14.1% Protein = $4.95/bu 13.9% Protein =$4.80/bu

29 Fall Check Urea Manure Yield (Bu/ac) Fertilizer Cost ($N/ac) Spring Manure $/bu Gross ($) Net ($) $ Gained ($ Treatment $ Check) Doesn t account for other fertilizers

30 More Info &References Nutrient Management News dingoperations/afoprogram.htm Hanna, M., T. Richard, and H. Norman Calibration and uniformity of solid manure spreaders. Iowa State University Extension. Ames, IA

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32 Questions? N? P? K? Micronutrients? N? P? K? Micronutrients? N? P? K? Micronutrients? N? P? K? Micronutrients?

33 Livestock Total N P 2 O 5 K 2 O lbs/ton Beef- Cow Feeder Calf Finishing Lagoon Total N P 2 O 5 K 2 O lbs/1000 gal Dairy Swine- Nursery Farrow-Finish Farrow-Feeder