The role of Acoustic Feeding Systems in the Industrialisation of Shrimp Farming. Ross Dodd Managing Director AQ1 Systems P/L

Transcription

1 The role of Acoustic Feeding Systems in the Industrialisation of Shrimp Farming Ross Dodd Managing Director AQ1 Systems P/L

2 Speaker Background Tasmanian Salmon Industry 1987 to 1993 Company Secretary of Saltas P/L the foundation company of the Tasmanian salmon industry Executive Director of the Tasmanian Salmon Industry Association Member of the Tasmanian salmon industry R&D Committee Aquasmart International AS Founder of Aquasmart who commercialized the first closed feeding system in finfish aquaculture. Aquasmart merged with two Norwegian companies to form AKVA Group the largest Aquaculture technology company in the world. Myriax P/L Echoview the global leader in scientific level fisheries acoustics analysis software AQ1 Systems Global leader in Tuna feeding control and biomass estimation systems Global leader in passive acoustic shrimp feeding and production control systems

3 AQ1 Company Background AQ1 Technology is used on 29 species of Fish and Shrimp in 38 countries

4 Key Factors in Aquaculture Industrialisation Genetics Feeds Production Systems Economies of Scale Disease Management

5 Where is shrimp farming on the industrialization scale?

6 Industrialisation Status High Value Aquaculture Species Genetics Feeds Production Systems Economies of Scale Salmon Bass & Bream Snapper Kingfish Bluefin Tuna Shrimp

7 Modern Industrial Style Marine Fish Farming was pioneered by the Norwegian Salmon industry Over the last 40 years there has been a full industrialization of many high value marine finfish industries Developments in Feed Formulation & Feeding Systems has provided enormous productivity gains

8 Evolution of salmon feeds Moist feeds Pelleted feeds Extruded feeds - Fish meal replacement - Micro nutrients - Vegetable protein sources The Impact FCR reduced from >7 to 1.1 Feed cost per kg reduced > 70% Labor cost to feed fish reduced > 80% Wild fish products (fishmeal & oil) in farmed fish can be totally eliminated Kingfish Bream Bass & Snapper have all benefitted from Salmon feed advances

9 Evolution of Feed Delivery Hand Feeding Cannon Feeding Automatic Feeders Centralised Feeding Systems

10 Surface visualization 3% of cage volume

11 The Solution Sensor Based Feeding Control Refilling - Infra Red Sensors - DO, Temp, Current

12 The Solution Feed Cameras Feed Cameras

13 Daily Feed Consumption Atlantic salmon (Norway) Serie Normal variation in appetite registered by using AQ300 Can this be achieved without feeding control?

14 Atlantic salmon Preferential feeding time Original research by Peter Blyth at Huon Aqua This is consistent with AQ1 data from many locations around the world Spring smolt - late October entry and January harvest (14 months) Multiple feeds per day ( gms) 2-3 feeds/day in late summer early autumn Major extended morning feed in winter with smaller meal towards dusk Evening feed increases as water temperatures rise in spring Single major feed in morning as fish increase to 4kg and temperature rises above optimum

15 Frequency (%) Feeding Control Improvements in FCR Atlantic salmon, Norway AQ1 user average FCR 1.06 Industry Average FCR Companies AQ1 cages Saving U$77,000 of feed in one 400t cage Results for 207 Norwegian companies (data provided by Norway Fishery Directorate) compared with all 50 sites fed with AQ1 feed control system

16 DORIS Salmon Feed Hardness Testing Feed is blown 800m down poly pipes at 20m/second Salmon do not eat broken pieces or dust <1% breakage or dust Half of the salmon feed R&D relates to physical characteristics 95% of Sea Cage Salmon fed with centralized feeding systems

17 Replicate Feed Trials Perfect feeding control where fish can be fed to satiation without waste allows the farmer to truly assess feed performance Marine Harvest Scotland 32 5m x 5m cages Atlantic Salmon

18 Cargill Feed Trial Unit - Chile 12 5m x 5m cages Rainbow Trout, Coho & Atlantic Salmon

19 12 40m circles Sea Bass & Bream AQ1 Feeding Research Project - Culmarex, Spain

20 Bio. FCR FCR Results - Bass & Bream Interactive Feedback (AQ1) vs. Manual Control Sea Bass (Spain) Sea Bream (Greece) Feb-July '00. Start and End Wts. 35 & 135g approx. AQ1 FCR Control FCR Nov. '99 - May '00 Start & End Wts. 85 & 215g approx. Data presented as means (of 3 replicate cages) + S.E. Trials carried out by Chronobiology Group, Murcia University in collaboration with industry. Production data analysed by Fish Biology Group, Glasgow University

21 Aquaculture Effluent & the Environment Nutrient Sources food ingest digest absorb and metabolise body tissue Uneaten food (e.g. broken pellets, dust, overfeeding) faeces (undigested food, mucus & sloughed intestinal cells) excretory products dissolved wastes solid wastes All nutrient wastes are derived directly or indirectly from feeding

22 Potential Impacts of Cage Wastes on Marine Sediments around kg solids produced per tonne fish production most settles in immediate vicinity of the cages solid wastes background opportunistic azoic

23 Sediment carbon (gc/m2) Sediment carbon (gc/m2) Modelled comparison With and Without Feeding Control With Without With Without Distance from cage E Distance from cage E40 Average = 23.5% (SD ± 1.38) decrease in predicted sediment carbon input over the production period using AQ1 adaptive feeding system

24 Bluefin Tuna Feeds Raw Fish Moist Diets - Skretting Pelleted Feed Illinois Soybean Assoc

25 Bluefin Tuna Feeding Delivery & Control Hand Feeding Raw Fish Mechanised Throwers now used No control and sub optimal feeding regimes very high FCR >12:1

26 AQTV Pro Tuna Feeding Control Formulated Feed & AQTV reduced FCR by 75%

27 Shrimp Feeds and Feeding Methods Feed formulation and feeding management is even more important in shrimp farming because the impacts of under and over feeding on commercial and environmental sustainability are more acute. - N Leaching - Cannabolism - Low survival - Bacterial proliferation - Pond chemistry - Utrafication of the pond bottom - Poor FCR & Growth The value of providing high quality feeds that are delivered precisely is crucial

28 Shrimp Feeding Methods - Inaccurate Timer feeder Hand feed from canoe Truck & blower Feed tray used to check feed 2-4 times a day

29 Our Current Approach SF200 System Coverage Ponds 0.05ha to 35ha Densities 6-350m/2 5 Species 24 Countries

30 SF200 Controller Purpose designed micro-controller Wireless comms. 2 hydrophones inputs (2 ponds) RS485 and 4-20mAmp inputs for environmental monitoring and control

31 Hydrophone (Underwater Microphone) Deployed mid water Size of a finger

32 New Caledonia Vietnam Saudi Arabia Venezuela USA Ecuador Thailand

33 AQ1 Sound Feeding Technology AQ1 Activity Sig Proc Detection and differentiation of feeding sounds as opposed to other sounds in the pond Complex Adaptive shrimp feeding algorithms to self regulate intake Developed for P. monodon (black tiger), P. japonicus (kuruma), L. vannamei (white), F. indicus (Indian) and L. stylirostris (blue) 5 years in testing and development Strong relationship between feeding sound activity and feed intake (R² = ) Use of feed tray to ground truth system L. vannamei P. monodon Feed Tray

34 Sound Feeding System How it Works Feed Delivery Rate (Blue) Feeding Activity (Red) System continually varies feed rate (blue) to match feeding activity (red) Confirms all food is consumed regularly

35 Sound Feeding System Reports

36 Sound Feeding System Farm Maps and Status

37 SF200 Aeration and Environmental Control Control feeding in relation to oxygen and temperature Manage aeration to minimise electricity costs and optimise pond conditions

38 SF200 System Environmental Control Under feeding when SF System programmed to stop feeding during bad environmental conditions Only 10 hours of feeding opportunity System stopped feeding when DO <2.5mg/l and temperature >34⁰C

39 SF200 System - Ensures all feed is consumed Pond bottom clean after 3 production cycles in Semi Intensive Ponds New Caledonia

40 Sound Feeding System - Global Results Survey Sound Feeding System Benefits Growth FCR Survival t/ha Semi Extensive Ponds (8-15PL/m2) 18.6% 25.1% 23.0% 31.1% Semi Intensive Ponds (15-40PLm2) 34.9% 18.3% 14.5% 32.7% Intensive Ponds (40-120PL/m2) 16.9% 15.2% 3.0% 15.8% Average gain all ponds and species 23.5% 19.5% 13.5% 26.5% Survey of farmers in 9 countries Ponds 0.05ha to 35ha 4 species - vannamei, monodon, japonicus & stylirostris

41 Kasetsart University Feeding Method Research at Tawee Farm Feeding Method Growth (Gms/day) MBW (Grams) Food Conversion Rate Thailand Basic Feeder Hand Feeding X 4 daily SF Growth increase 23.1% FCR improvement 12.5%

42 Water Quality Analysis for Different Feeding Methods Kasetsart University Trial at Tawee Farm Mean ± standard deviation of water quality parameters for the three feeding treatments were: Sound Feeding System SF200

43 Auburn University Trial 2016 & Feeding Techniques Trt 1=Standard feeding protocol (SFP): FCR 1.2, growth rate 1.3 g/wk and mortality 25%/16 wk Ration divided into 2 hand feedings/day Trt 2= SFP plus 15% more from weeks 8-16 Trt 3= SFP plus 15% divided into multiple feedings/day using solar timer feeders Trt 4=AQ1 Sound Feeding System with acoustic feedback - Max 12kg/day feeding between 8am-7pm

44 Auburn University Trial Feeding Techniques

45 Auburn University Trial Feeding Techniques

46 Auburn University - Economic Data AQ1 increased growth by 32% and revenue by 48% Treatment Feed Cost (USD) Feed Input (kg) Shrimp value (USD) Partial Income (USD) SFP a a 1, a a SFP+15% a a 1, a a Timer* a a 1, a 1, a AQ b b 1, b 1, b P-Value <.0001 < PSE All values are per 0.1ha pond Shrimp value estimated based on local farm-gate prices at each size class Partial Income=Shrimp value less Feed cost *One pond excluded due to low DO and high mortality

47 Shrimp Feeding Changed Forever Feeding by hand 1 to 2 times per day with large water stable feed will become a thing of the past Distributing feed up to 30 times an hour 24 hours a day with automatic feeders and acoustic feeding control Thailand made this change 8 years ago

48 How will feed companies & feeding technology suppliers work together in shrimp farming?

49 The Challenges Physical Chacteristics Dust Lumps Big hard feeds Crunch

50 Conclusion Massive Opportunity to Advance Shrimp Farming Productivity and Sustainability 50%+ productivity gains available High Quality Feeds Formulation and physical characteristics. Precise Feed Delivery