Agricultural Prices. May Farm Prices Received Index Declined 2 Points

Transcription

1 Agricultural Prices ISSN: Released 31,, by the National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS), Agricultural Statistics Board, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Farm Prices Received Index Declined 2 Points The preliminary All Farm Products Index of Prices Received by Farmers in, at 176 percent, based on =100, decreased 2 points (1.1 percent) from April. The Crop Index is down 3 points (1.4 percent) and the Livestock Index decreased 1 point (0.7 percent). Producers received lower prices for cattle, corn, milk, and wheat. Higher prices were received for broilers, grapefruit, hay, and oranges. In addition to prices, the overall index is also affected by the seasonal change based on a 3-year average mix of commodities producers sell. Increased monthly movement of broilers, sweet corn, wheat, and grapes offset the decreased marketing of corn, cattle, milk, and soybeans. The preliminary All Farm Products Index is up 1 point (0.6 percent) from The Food Commodities Index, at 164, decreased 1 point (0.6 percent) from last month and decreased 1 point (0.6 percent) from Prices Paid Index Down 1 Point The Index of Prices Paid for Commodities and Services, Interest, Taxes, and Farm Wage Rates (PPITW) is 212 percent of the average. The index is down 1 point (-0.5 percent) from April but 8 points (3.9 percent) above Lower prices in for LP gas, diesel, feeder pigs, and feeder cattle offset higher prices for nitrogen, concentrates, complete feeds, and hay & forages. Prices Received, Prices Paid, and Ratio of Prices Received to Prices Paid Indexes Base United States: with Comparisons Index April 2011 Prices received by farmers Prices paid by farmers Ratio of prices received to prices paid

2 Contents Prices Received by Farmers... 4 Prices Received Indexes United States: with Comparisons... 5 Prices Received and Prices Paid Indexes by Month for Selected Groups United States: 2011 and, Base... 5 Received Indexes by Month, Livestock Products, All Products, and All Crops United States: =100 Chart... 6 Received Indexes by Month, Food Grains, Feed Grains & Hay, and Oilseeds United States: =100 Chart... 6 Received Indexes by Month, Fruit & Nut and Commercial Vegetables United States: =100 Chart... 7 Received Indexes by Month, Meat Animal, Dairy Products, and Poultry & Eggs United States: =100 Chart... 7 Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits United States: with Comparisons... 8 Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock United States: with Comparisons... 9 Prices Received for Corn by Month United States Chart Prices Received for Wheat by Month United States Chart Prices Received for Upland Cotton by Month United States Chart Prices Received for Soybeans by Month United States Chart Prices Received for Cattle by Month United States Chart Prices Received for Milk by Month United States Chart Prices Received for Hogs by Month United States Chart Prices Received for Poultry by Month United States Chart Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for All Wheat States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Winter Wheat States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Durum Wheat States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Spring Wheat States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for All Barley States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Malting Barley States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Feed Barley States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Corn States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Soybeans States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Oats States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Sorghum Grain States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Dry Beans States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Peanuts (In-Shell) States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Sunflower States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Canola States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Flaxseed States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received and Farm Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Hay by Type States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Apples States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization States and United States: Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization States and United States: April Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization States and United States: Prices Received for Potatoes States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for All Milk States and United States: with Comparisons Prices Received for Milk Cows States and United States: April with Comparisons Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price United States: with Comparisons Agricultural Prices ( )

3 Commodity Parity Prices United States: with Comparisons Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Prices Paid by Farmers Prices Paid Indexes and Related Parity Ratios United States: with Comparisons Prices Paid Indexes and Annual Weights for Input Components and Sub-Components United States: with Comparisons Paid Indexes by Month, All Items and Production Items United States: =100 Chart Paid Indexes, Annual Averages, Production Items, Interest, Taxes, and Wages United States: =100 Chart Paid Indexes by Farm Type, All Items United States: =100 Chart Paid Indexes by Origin, All Production Items United States: =100 Chart Paid Indexes by Non-Farm Sector, Supplies & Repairs, Fertilizer, Machinery, and Fuel United States: =100 Chart Paid Indexes by Month, Feed and Replacement Livestock United States: =100 Chart Feed Price Ratios United States: with Comparisons Prices Received Used to Calculate Feed Price Ratios United States: with Comparisons Prices Paid for Feeder Livestock United States: with Comparisons Prices Paid Broiler-Feed Ratio Monthly and Annual Average United States: Prices Paid Market Egg-Feed Ratio Monthly and Annual Average United States: Prices Paid Turkey-Feed Ratio Monthly and Annual Average United States: Prices Paid Milk-Feed Ratio Monthly and Annual Average United States: Prices Paid Hog-Corn Ratio Monthly and Annual Average United States: Prices Paid Steer & Heifer-Corn Feed Ratio Monthly and Annual Average United States: Reliability of Prices Paid Estimates Information Contacts Agricultural Prices ( ) 3

4 Prices Received by Farmers The All Farm Products Index is 176 percent of its base, down 1.1 percent from the April index but 0.6 percent above the 2011 index. All crops: The index, at 204, decreased 1.4 percent from April but remained slightly above Index decreases for feed grains & hay, food grains, and potatoes & dry beans more than offset the index increases for fruits & nuts, upland cotton, and commercial vegetables. Food grains: The index, at 216, is 4.4 percent below the previous month and 15 percent below a year ago. The all wheat price, at $6.60 per bushel, is down 51 cents from April and $1.56 below Feed grains & hay: The index, at 269, is down 1.1 percent from last month but 1.1 percent above a year ago. The corn price, at $6.22 per bushel, is down 12 cents from last month and 10 cents below The all hay price, at $199 per ton, is up $9.00 from April and $28.00 higher than last. Sorghum grain, at $10.10 per cwt, is 50 cents below April and $1.50 below last year. Cotton, Upland: The index, at 157, is up 4.7 percent from April and 15 percent above last year. The price, at 95.1 cents per pound, is up 4.2 cents from the previous month and 11.9 cents above last. Oilseeds: The index, at 245, is unchanged from April but 3.4 percent higher than The soybean price, at $13.70 per bushel, is unchanged from April but is 50 cents above Fruits & nuts: The index, at 173, is up 6.1 percent from April and 16 percent higher than a year ago. Price increases for oranges and grapefruit more than offset the price decrease for strawberries. Commercial vegetables: The index, at 138, is unchanged from last month but 19 percent below Price increases during for onions and cucumbers offset the lower price for lettuce. Potatoes & dry beans: The index, at 179, is down 7.7 percent from last month and 5.3 percent below The all potato price, at $9.86 per cwt, is down 89 cents from April and $1.31 from last. The all dry bean price, at $44.60 per cwt, is down $2.40 from the previous month but $11.70 above Livestock and products: The index, at 151, is 0.7 percent below last month and Compared with a year ago, prices for milk and hogs are down from last year. Prices are higher for cattle, broilers, calves, turkeys, and all eggs. Meat animals: The index, at 158, is down 2.5 percent from last month but 4.6 percent higher than last year. The hog price, at $61.60 per cwt, is down $1.20 from April and $7.00 lower than a year ago. The beef cattle price of $121 per cwt is down $3.00 from last month but $9.00 higher than Dairy products: The index, at 126, is down 2.3 percent from a month ago and 16 percent lower than last year. The all milk price of $16.40 per cwt declined 40 cents from last month and is $3.20 lower than Poultry & eggs: The index, at 163, is up 2.5 percent from April and 5.2 percent above a year ago. The market egg price, at 59.4 cents per dozen, decreased 4.8 cents from April and is 2.8 cents below The broiler price, at 53.0 cents per pound, is up 2.0 cents from April and 3.0 cents above a year ago. The turkey price, at 73.8 cents per pound, is up 0.1 cents from the previous month and up 5.9 cents from a year earlier. 4 Agricultural Prices ( )

5 Prices Received Indexes United States: with Comparisons [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at Index Average Base Base 2011 April 2011 April (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) All products All crops... Food grains... Feed grains & hay... Cotton, Upland... Tobacco... Oilseeds... Fruits & nuts... Commercial vegetables... Potatoes & dry beans... Other crops Livestock and products... Meat animals... Dairy products... Poultry & eggs Food commodities Not available. Prices Received and Prices Paid Indexes by Month for Selected Groups United States: 2011 and, Base [Revised historical price indexes for months not shown are available at Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] Month January... February... March... April June... July... August... September... October... November... December... All farm products Index of prices received All crops Livestock and products All items Index of prices paid Production items (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) (percent) Agricultural Prices ( ) 5

6 Received Indexes by Month, Livestock Products, All Products, and All Crops United States: =100 Percent Livestock Products All Products All Crops Received Indexes by Month, Food Grains, Feed Grains & Hay, and Oilseeds United States: =100 Percent Food Grain Feed Grain & Hay Oilseeds Agricultural Prices ( )

7 Received Indexes by Month, Fruit & Nut and Commercial Vegetables United States: =100 Percent Fruit & Nut Commercial Vegetable Received Indexes by Month, Meat Animal, Dairy Product, and Poultry & Egg United States: =100 Percent Meat Animal Dairy Product Poultry & Egg Agricultural Prices ( ) 7

8 Prices Received for Field Crops and Fruits United States: with Comparisons Commodity Average April Field crops Austrian winter peas... dollars/cwt Barley, all... dollars/bushel Feed... dollars/bushel Malting... dollars/bushel Beans, dry edible... dollars/cwt Canola... dollars/cwt Chickpeas, all... dollars/cwt Large... dollars/cwt Small... dollars/cwt Corn... dollars/bushel Cotton, Upland... dollars/pound Cottonseed 1... dollars/ton Flaxseed... dollars/bushel Hay, all, baled... dollars/ton Alfalfa... dollars/ton Other... dollars/ton Lentils... dollars/cwt Oats... dollars/bushel Peanuts, in-shell... dollars/pound Peas, dry edible... dollars/cwt Potatoes... dollars/cwt Rice, all... dollars/cwt Long... dollars/cwt Medium and short... dollars/cwt Sorghum grain... dollars/cwt Soybeans... dollars/bushel Sunflowers, all... dollars/cwt Wheat, all... dollars/bushel Winter... dollars/bushel Durum... dollars/bushel Other spring... dollars/bushel Hard red winter 2... dollars/bushel Soft red winter 2... dollars/bushel Hard red spring 2... dollars/bushel White 2... dollars/bushel Fruits Citrus, equivalent on-tree Grapefruit... dollars/box Lemons... dollars/box Oranges... dollars/box Tangelos... dollars/box Tangerines and mandarins... dollars/box Noncitrus, fresh Apples 3... dollars/pound Grapes 3... dollars/ton Peaches 3... dollars/ton Pears 3... dollars/ton Strawberries... dollars/cwt , , Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Not available. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1 Marketing year August - February. 2 estimates not set for this item. 3 Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York (apples only), and Washington (apples, peaches, and pears). Prices as sold for other states. 8 Agricultural Prices ( )

9 Prices Received for Vegetables and Livestock United States: with Comparisons [Price data source for livestock and poultry commodities is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] Commodity Average April Vegetables, fresh 1 Asparagus... dollars/cwt Beans, snap 2... dollars/cwt Broccoli... dollars/cwt Cantaloupes 2... dollars/cwt Carrots... dollars/cwt Cauliflower... dollars/cwt Celery... dollars/cwt Corn, sweet... dollars/cwt Cucumbers 2... dollars/cwt Lettuce... dollars/cwt Onions 3... dollars/cwt Tomatoes... dollars/cwt Livestock Calves... dollars/cwt Cattle, all beef... dollars/cwt Cows 4... dollars/cwt Steers and heifers... dollars/cwt Milk cows 5... dollars/head Hogs, all... dollars/cwt Barrows and gilts... dollars/cwt Sows... dollars/cwt Dairy and poultry Milk, all 6... dollars/cwt Fat test... percent Broilers, live 7... dollars/pound Eggs, all 8... dollars/dozen Market dollars/dozen Turkeys, live... dollars/pound Adjusted for seasonal variation Eggs, all... dollars/dozen Seasonal factor... percent Milk, all 6... dollars/cwt Seasonal factor... percent Not available. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1 Beginning January 2006, point of first sale. FOB shipping point for prior years. 2 Monthly estimates began January Includes some processing. 4 Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 5 Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices available for January, April, July, and October. 6 Before deductions for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies. 7 Live weight equivalent price. 8 Mid-month price. 9 Also referred to as table eggs. 10 Live weight equivalent price is used when actual live weight price is not available. 11 Beginning January 2011, price reflects FOB shipping point basis. Prior year price reflects delivered basis Agricultural Prices ( ) 9

10 Prices Received for Corn by Month United States Dollars per bushel Prices Received for Wheat by Month United States Dollars per bushel Agricultural Prices ( )

11 Prices Received for Upland Cotton by Month United States Dollars per pound Prices Received for Soybeans by Month United States Dollars per bushel Agricultural Prices ( ) 11

12 Prices Received for Cattle by Month United States Dollars per cwt Calves Steers & Heifers All Beef Cattle Cows Prices Received for Milk by Month United States Dollars per cwt Agricultural Prices ( )

13 Prices Received for Hogs by Month United States Dollars per cwt Prices Received for Poultry by Month United States Dollars per pound Turkeys Broilers Agricultural Prices ( ) 13

14 Prices Received for All Wheat, Corn, and Soybeans by Month United States: with Comparisons [Current month prices are mid-month; prices for previous months and years are for the entire month. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] Month January... February... March... April June... July... August... September... October... November... December bushel) All wheat Corn Soybeans bushel) bushel) bushel) bushel) bushel) bushel) bushel) bushel) Prices Received for Beef Cattle and All Hogs by Month United States: with Comparisons [Current month prices are mid-month; prices for previous months and years are for the entire month. Blank data cells indicate estimation period has not yet begun] Month January... February... March... April June... July... August... September... October... November... December... 1 Cows and steers & heifers. 2 Barrows & gilts and sows Beef cattle 1 All hogs cwt) cwt) cwt) cwt) cwt) cwt) Agricultural Prices ( )

15 Prices Received for All Wheat States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Arizona... Arkansas... California... Colorado... Idaho... Illinois... Indiana... Kansas... Michigan... Minnesota... bushel) bushel) bushel) Missouri... Montana... Nebraska... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... Oklahoma... Oregon... South Dakota... Texas... Washington United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate Prices Received for Winter Wheat States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Arkansas... California... Colorado... Idaho... Illinois... Indiana... Kansas... Michigan... Minnesota... Missouri... bushel) bushel) bushel) Montana... Nebraska... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... Oklahoma... Oregon... South Dakota... Texas... Washington United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations Agricultural Prices ( ) 15

16 Prices Received for Durum Wheat States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Arizona... California... Idaho... Montana... North Dakota... bushel) bushel) bushel) United States Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Prices Received for Spring Wheat States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Colorado... Idaho... Minnesota... Montana... North Dakota... Oregon... South Dakota... Washington... bushel) bushel) bushel) United States Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 16 Agricultural Prices ( )

17 Prices Received for All Barley States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April California... Colorado... Idaho... Minnesota... Montana... North Dakota... Oregon... Utah... Washington... Wyoming... bushel) bushel) bushel) United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate Prices Received for Malting Barley States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Idaho... Minnesota... Montana... North Dakota... Wyoming... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. bushel) bushel) bushel) Prices Received for Feed Barley States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Idaho... Minnesota... Montana... North Dakota... Wyoming... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. bushel) bushel) bushel) Agricultural Prices ( ) 17

18 Prices Received for Corn States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Colorado... Illinois... Indiana... Iowa... Kansas... Kentucky... Michigan... Minnesota... Missouri... Nebraska... bushel) bushel) bushel) North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... Pennsylvania... South Dakota... Tennessee... Texas... Wisconsin United States Prices Received for Soybeans States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Arkansas... Illinois... Indiana... Iowa... Kansas... Kentucky... Louisiana... Michigan... Minnesota... Mississippi... bushel) bushel) bushel) Missouri... Nebraska... North Carolina... North Dakota... Ohio... South Dakota... Tennessee... Wisconsin United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate Agricultural Prices ( )

19 Prices Received for Oats States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Illinois... Iowa... Michigan... Minnesota... Montana... Nebraska... New York... North Dakota... Oregon... Pennsylvania... South Dakota... Texas... Wisconsin... bushel) bushel) bushel) United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate Prices Received for Sorghum Grain States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Arkansas... Illinois... Kansas... Louisiana... Missouri... Nebraska... Oklahoma... Texas... cwt) cwt) cwt) United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate Agricultural Prices ( ) 19

20 Prices Received for Dry Beans States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April cwt) cwt) cwt) California... Colorado... Idaho... Michigan... Minnesota... Nebraska... North Dakota United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations Prices Received for Peanuts (In-Shell) States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Alabama... Florida... Georgia... Mississippi... New Mexico... North Carolina... Oklahoma... South Carolina... Texas... Virginia... pound) pound) pound) United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate Agricultural Prices ( )

21 Prices Received for Sunflower States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Colorado... Kansas... Minnesota... North Dakota... South Dakota... cwt) cwt) cwt) United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate Prices Received for Canola States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April Minnesota... North Dakota... cwt) cwt) cwt) United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate Prices Received for Flaxseed States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April North Dakota... bushel) bushel) bushel) United States Agricultural Prices ( ) 21

22 Prices Received for Upland Cotton and Cottonseed States and United States: with Comparisons [Cottonseed marketing year August - February] State Alabama... Arizona... Arkansas... California... Georgia... Louisiana... Mississippi... North Carolina... Tennessee... Texas Cotton, Upland April 2011 Cottonseed April pound) pound) pound) ton) ton) ton) United States Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Not available. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate Prices Received and Farm Marketings for Upland Cotton and Rice United States: with Comparisons Item 2011 April Cotton, Upland Average price... dollars/pound Marketings ,000 bales Rice, all Average price... dollars/cwt Marketings ,000 cwt , , Rice, long Average price... dollars/cwt Marketings ,000 cwt , , Rice, medium and short Average price... dollars/cwt Marketings ,000 cwt Not available. 1 Marketings based on a survey of cotton buyers in the major producing States - Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, California, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, Tennessee, and Texas. 2 Purchases by private firms and rice (rough equivalent) shipped by cooperatives , , Agricultural Prices ( )

23 Prices Received for Hay by Type States and United States: with Comparisons State Arizona... California... Colorado... Idaho... Illinois... Iowa... Kansas... Kentucky... Michigan... Minnesota ton) All hay Alfalfa hay Other hay April ton) ton) ton) April ton) ton) ton) April ton) ton) Missouri... Montana... Nebraska... Nevada... New Mexico... New York... North Dakota... Ohio... Oklahoma... Oregon Pennsylvania... South Dakota... Texas... Utah... Washington... Wisconsin... Wyoming United States Prices Received for Apples States and United States: with Comparisons [Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, Michigan, New York, and Washington. Prices at point of first sale for other States] State Michigan... New York... Ohio... Pennsylvania... Virginia... Washington... Apples, fresh use 2011 April pound) pound) pound) United States Not available. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. Agricultural Prices ( ) 23

24 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization States and United States: 2011 [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins in Arizona and California-80, Florida-95] Commodity, State, and type Grapefruit California 1... Florida... White... Colored... FOB packed fresh box) Packinghouse-door Equivalent returns On-tree All Fresh Process All Fresh Process box) box) box) box) box) box) United States Lemons California United States Oranges California... Navel and miscellaneous... Valencia Florida Valencia United States Tangerines and mandarins California... United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. 1 Some processed sales included in fresh sales. 24 Agricultural Prices ( )

25 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization States and United States: April [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins in Arizona and California-80, Florida-95] Commodity, State, and type Grapefruit California 1... Florida... White... Colored... Texas... FOB packed fresh box) Packinghouse-door Equivalent returns On-tree All Fresh Process All Fresh Process box) box) box) box) box) box) United States Lemons California United States Oranges California... Navel and miscellaneous... Valencia Florida Valencia United States Tangerines and mandarins California... United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1 Some processed sales included in fresh sales. Agricultural Prices ( ) 25

26 Prices Received for Citrus Fruits by Utilization States and United States: [Net pounds per box: grapefruit in California-80, Florida-85, Texas-80; lemons-80; oranges in California-80, Florida-90, Texas-85; tangelos-90; tangerines and mandarins in Arizona and California-80, Florida-95] Commodity, State, and type Grapefruit California 1... Texas... FOB packed fresh box) Packinghouse-door Equivalent returns On-tree All Fresh Process All Fresh Process box) box) box) box) box) box) United States Lemons California United States Oranges California... Navel and miscellaneous... Valencia Florida Valencia United States Tangerines and mandarins California... United States... Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1 Some processed sales included in fresh sales. 26 Agricultural Prices ( )

27 Prices Received for Potatoes States and United States: with Comparisons State 2011 April California Spring... Fall... All 1... Colorado Fresh 2... All 1... cwt) cwt) cwt) Florida... Idaho Fresh 2... Processing... All 1... Maine... Michigan... Minnesota... New York... North Carolina North Dakota Fresh 2... Processing... All 1... Oregon... Texas... Virginia Washington Processing... All 1... Wisconsin Fresh 2... Processing... All United States Fresh 2... Processing... All Withheld to avoid disclosing data for individual operations. Insufficient number of reports to establish an estimate. 1 Average price of potatoes sold for all uses, including table stock, processing, seed, and livestock feed. 2 Fresh market prices only. Includes table stock prices Agricultural Prices ( ) 27

28 Prices Received for All Milk States and United States: with Comparisons [Before deduction for hauling. Includes quality, quantity, and other premiums. Excludes hauling subsidies] State Arizona... California... Colorado... Florida... Idaho... Illinois... Indiana... Iowa... Kansas... Michigan April Price Fat test Price Fat test Price Fat test cwt) (percent) cwt) (percent) cwt) (percent) Minnesota... Missouri... New Mexico... New York... Ohio... Oregon... Pennsylvania... Texas... Utah... Vermont Virginia... Washington... Wisconsin United States Agricultural Prices ( )

29 Prices Received for Milk Cows States and United States: April with Comparisons [Animals sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices estimated in January, April, July, and October] State April 2011 January April Arizona... California... Colorado... Florida... Idaho... Illinois... Indiana... Iowa... Kansas... Michigan... head) head) head) 1,450 1,300 1,450 1,480 1,450 1,430 1,450 1,430 1,400 1,550 1,500 1,400 1,500 1,490 1,450 1,500 1,450 1,400 1,400 1,600 1,500 1,300 1,520 1,450 1,450 1,520 1,450 1,450 1,450 1,600 Minnesota... Missouri... New Mexico... New York... Ohio... Oregon... Pennsylvania... Texas... Utah... Vermont... 1,410 1,280 1,380 1,400 1,470 1,390 1,450 1,400 1,300 1,550 1,430 1,200 1,380 1,450 1,500 1,440 1,500 1,400 1,340 1,550 1,490 1,300 1,350 1,460 1,510 1,430 1,500 1,400 1,340 1,600 Virginia... Washington... Wisconsin... 1,410 1,400 1,560 1,520 1,400 1,550 1,540 1,350 1,560 United States... 1,420 1,460 1,440 Agricultural Prices ( ) 29

30 Commodity Parity Prices and Price as Percent of Parity Price United States: with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and See January Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations. Parity data not available for blank cells. Primary source of data for livestock and milk prices is United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Marketing Service] Commodity and unit Basic commodities All wheat... bushel Rice... cwt Corn... bushel Cotton Upland... pound American Pima... pound Peanuts... pound Adjusted base price 2011 Parity price April 2011 Price as percent of parity April (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (percent) (percent) (percent) Designated nonbasic All milk, to plants 1... cwt Honey, extracted 2... pound Wool and mohair Wool... pound Mohair... pound Other nonbasic Apples, fresh 3... pound Barley... bushel Canola... cwt Cottonseed... ton Dry edible beans... cwt Flaxseed... bushel Oats... bushel Potatoes... cwt Sorghum grain... cwt Soybeans... bushel Sunflower, all... cwt Citrus (equivalent on-tree) Grapefruit... box Lemons... box Oranges... box Tangerines... box Livestock and poultry Beef cattle... cwt Calves... cwt Hogs... cwt Eggs 1... dozen Turkeys, live... pound Seasonally adjusted price as percentage of parity price. 2 Wholesale extracted. Adjusted base price derived from state annual averages prices weighted by production. For 1982 through 1985 the national averages are the support prices. 3 Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states Agricultural Prices ( )

31 Commodity Parity Prices United States: with Comparisons [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and See January Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] Commodity and unit Field crops and miscellaneous Hops... pound Mustard seed... cwt Rapeseed... cwt Rye... bushel Safflower... cwt Spearmint oil... pound Sweet potatoes... cwt Adjusted base price 2011 Parity price April (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) Tobacco Flue-cured, pound Fire-cured, pound Burley, pound Maryland, pound Dark air-cured, pound Pennsylvania seedleaf, pound Cigar binder, pound Noncitrus fruit Apples, processing ton Apricots Fresh ton Dried (California) 9... ton Avocados ton Cherries Sweet 9... ton Tart 9... pound Cranberry barrel Dates (California) ton , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Grapes Raisin variety 9... ton Other dried 9... ton Kiwifruit 9... ton Nectarines, fresh (California) ton Olives, canning (California) ton See footnote(s) at end of table , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , continued Agricultural Prices ( ) 31

32 Commodity Parity Prices United States: with Comparisons (continued) [Parity prices are computed under the provisions of Title III, Subtitle a, Section 301 (a) of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1938 as amended by the Agricultural Acts of 1948, 1949, and See January Agricultural Prices for details on adjusted base price and parity price computations] Commodity and unit Noncitrus fruit - continued Papayas (Hawaii) 9... pound Peaches Fresh ton Dried (California) 9... ton Processing, excludes dried Clingstone (California) ton Adjusted base price 2011 Parity price April (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) (dollars) , , , , , , Pears Fresh ton Dried (California) ton Plums (California) Fresh, equivalent on-tree 9... ton Prunes, dried (California) ton Prunes and plums Fresh, excludes California ton Processing, excludes dried ton , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Tree nuts 6 9 Almonds... pound Hazelnuts... ton Pistachios... pound Walnuts... ton , , , , , , Vegetables, fresh 7 Carrots 8... cwt Cauliflower 8... cwt Celery 8... cwt Honeydew melons... cwt Lettuce... cwt Onions 8... cwt Tomatoes... cwt Equivalent returns at processing plant door. 2 Equivalent returns at packinghouse door. 3 Equivalent returns for bulk fruit at first delivery point. 4 Equivalent packinghouse-door returns for California, New York (apples only), Oregon (except peaches), and Washington. Price at point of first sale for other states. 5 Based on "as sold" prices for fresh fruit in all states. 6 Prices In-Shell basis except almonds which are shelled basis. 7 FOB shipping point prices. 8 Includes some processing. 9 Non-citrus fruit and tree nut estimates discontinued October The program was later reinstated with a publication date of March 15,. Parity prices will be published in the July Agricultural Prices report to include these prices. 32 Agricultural Prices ( )

33 Reliability of Prices Received Estimates Definition: Prices received represent sales from producers to first buyers. They include all grades and qualities. The average commodity price from the survey multiplied by the total quantity marketed theoretically should give the total cash receipts for the commodity. Survey procedures: Primary sales data used to determine grain prices were obtained from probability samples of about 1900 mills and elevators. These procedures ensure that virtually all grain moving into commercial channels has a chance of being included in the survey. Generally, States surveyed account for 90 percent or more of total United States production. Livestock prices are obtained from packers, stockyards, auctions, dealers, and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, and state commodity groups and agencies. Inter-farm sales of grain and livestock are not included since they represent very small percentages of the total marketings. Grain marketed for seed is also excluded. Fruit and vegetable prices are obtained from sample surveys and market check data from AMS-USDA, private marketing organizations, state agencies, and universities. Summary and estimation procedures: Survey quantities sold are expanded by strata to state levels and used to weight average strata prices to a state average. State prices are then weighted to a United States price based on expanded marketings. Recommendations are prepared by the State Field Offices and reviewed by the Agricultural Statistics Board in Washington, D.C. State recommendations are reviewed for reasonableness with survey data, other States, and recent historic estimates. Revisions: For most items, the current month's preliminary price represents a 3-5 day period around the 15th of the month. Previous month's prices represent actual dollars received for quantities sold during the entire month. Revisions are published in monthly issues of Agricultural Prices. Reliability: United States price estimates based on probability surveys generally have a sampling error of less than one percent for the major commodities such as corn, wheat, soybeans, cotton, and rice. Current methods of summarization for non-probability commodities are not designed directly to calculate sampling errors. However, analytical measures approximate the United States relative sampling errors at around five percent. Any nonsampling errors are attributed to such things as the inability to obtain correct information, differences in interpreting questions or definitions, mistakes in coding or processing the data, etc. Efforts are made at each step in the survey process to minimize these nonsampling errors. Agricultural Prices ( ) 33