FAO S INTEGRATED VISION ON SUSTAINABLE FOOD AND AGRICULTURE AND LINKAGES WITH THE WATER-FOOD-ENERGY NEXUS

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1 FAO S INTEGRATED VISION ON SUSTAINABLE FOOD AND AGRICULTURE AND LINKAGES WITH THE WATER-FOOD-ENERGY NEXUS asdda JEAN-MARC FAURÈS FAO LAND AND WATER DIVISION

2 CONTENTS Sustainability in FAO strategic framework A conceptual representation of sustainability Principles of sustainability Monitoring sustainability Linkages with the WEF Nexus

3 FAO STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK SO1 Contribute to the eradication of hunger, food insecurity and malnutrition SO2 Increase and improve provision of goods and services from agriculture, forestry and fisheries in a sustainable manner SO3 Reduce rural poverty SO4 Enable more inclusive and efficient agricultural and food systems SO5 Increase the resilience of livelihoods to threats and crises SO: Strategic Objective

4 CROSS-SECTORAL AND THEMATIC APPROACHES EXISTING FAO APPROACHES AND FRAMEWORKS OVERVIEW OF SECTORAL AND CROSS-SECTORAL APPROACHES SECTORAL APPROACHES Crops Livestock Forestry Fisheries Aquaculture Save and Grow: Sustainable Crop Production Intensification Global Agenda for Sustainable Livestock Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries (EAF) Ecosystem Approach to Aquaculture (EAA) Conservation and Sustainable Use of Biodiversity and Genetic Resources Energy-Smart Food for People and Climate (ESF) Sustainable diets Resilient livelihoods Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and FAO-Adapt Coping with water scarcity Global Soil Partnership (GSP) Sustainable Land Management (SLM) Landscape initiative (in development) 4

5 CONCEPTS A SIMPLIFIED VIEW OF AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY NATURAL SYSTEM HUMAN SYSTEM 5

6 CONCEPTS A SIMPLIFIED VIEW OF AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY NATURAL SYSTEM HUMAN SYSTEM NATURAL RESOURCES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES Climate Nutrient cycling Biodiversity Oceans and water Environmental Health Land Energy Nutrients Water Genetics Forests Fish AGRICULTURE Crops Livestock Forestry Fishery Aquaculture Food Feed Fiber Fuel ECONOMIC and SOCIAL SERVICES Nutrition and health Poverty reduction and gender Equity, access to resources and services Employment Cultural Values 6

7 CONCEPTS EXTERNAL DRIVERS NATURAL SYSTEM HUMAN SYSTEM NATURAL RESOURCES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS Climate change Habitat loss Pathogens AGRICULTURE Other sectors, relative importance of agriculture in the economy ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES ECONOMIC and SOCIAL SERVICES Demand / competition from other sectors Population growth Dietary change 7

8 SUSTAINABILITY PRINCIPLES PRINCIPLES 5 PRINCIPLES HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED NATURAL SYSTEM HUMAN SYSTEM NATURAL RESOURCES AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES AGRICULTURE ECONOMIC and SOCIAL SERVICES 2. Conserve, protect, and enhance natural resources 1. Enhance the efficiency of resource use 3. Improve and protect livelihoods and human well-being 4. Enhance the resilience of people, communities and ecosystems, especially to climate change and market volatility 5. Promote and improve effective governance 8

9 THE FIVE PRINCIPLES 1. Enhance the efficiency of resource use Focus on systems and resource transformation 2. Conserve, protect, and enhance natural resources 3. Improve and protect livelihoods and human well-being 4. Enhance the resilience of people, communities and ecosystems, especially to climate change and market volatility Focus on landscapes and integrated resource management Focus on values, access, equity, rights, distribution, consumption, social protection Focus on vulnerability, risks and coping 5. Promote and improve effective governance Focus on institutions and participation 9

10 COORDINATED AREAS OF ACTION FOR PRACTICE CHANGE Identify i. Data and analysis ii. Assessment of sustainability gaps iii. Possible responses and scenarios Dialogue i. Stakeholder engagement ii. Identify partners iii. Build consensus iv. Operate choices Practice change Motivate & enable i. Address barriers ii. Develop incentive schemes iii. Adapt and strengthen institutions and policies iv. Feedback and correction Innovation i. Framework for analysis ii. Identify options iii. Develop programmes iv. Build coordination mechanisms 10

11 MONITORING PROGRESS THROUGH THE FIVE PRINCIPLES What to measure 1. Enhance the efficiency of resource use Easy: 3-D Yield gap: land, water and energy use efficiency 2. Conserve, protect, and enhance natural resources 3. Improve and protect livelihoods and human well-being 4. Enhance the resilience of people, communities and ecosystems, especially to climate change and market volatility Easy: Land use/land cover change, Less easy: land degradation, water use, pollution, biodiversity, soil carbon, ecosystem health Difficult: equity in access to land, water and energy, distribution of power, water and land grab, Easy: changes in T and P: droughts, floods, heat waves, pest outbreak, food prices Difficult: resilience, adaptive capacity, response 5. Promote and improve effective governance Difficult: accountability, efficiency, transparency, effectiveness, rule of law 11

12 LINKAGES WITH THE NEXUS FRAMEWORK 12

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