Updating Soil Maps Who, what, where, when,

Transcription

1 Updating Soil Maps Who, what, where, when, Nicole Rabe Land Resource Specialist Environmental Management Branch why?

2 Where have we been? Legacy soil maps in Agricultural Information Atlas: Where are we going? Drivers for soil map and information renewal Soil Health and Conservation Strategy Climate Change Action Plan Pilot Soil Mapping Initiative LiDAR acquisition Bringing it all together Future Initiatives and Applications Precision Agriculture, Soil health Presentation Overview 1

3 Historical Soil Mapping Aerial Photography Road side surveys Photo Source: Kapuskasing Cochrane Soil Map sheet 42G:1West

4 Legacy Soil Maps Vintage 3

5 Finding Existing Soil Information

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7 Drivers for Soil Map Renewal Legacy soil maps and data are not able to address information needs of current policy and programs - updates needed to support environmental, economic and social initiatives. OMAFRA is currently developing an agricultural soil health and conservation strategy with stakeholder input. Discussion paper posted on EBR for comment Soil mapping and information is a key theme Soil health initiative submitted for consideration under Government Climate Change Action Plan (CCAP) Improve our spatial understanding of Ontario s soil characteristics. Increase our understanding of the soil-climate-management practices relationship Science of soil GHG sources and sinks in Ontario 6

8 Soil Mapping and the Soil Strategy Theme Areas Benefits Environmental Benefits Soil Health and Conservation Soil Management Soil Information and Mapping Economic Benefits Soil Monitoring and Modeling Social Benefits Soil Knowledge and Innovation Theme Inter-relationships 7

9 Soil Mapping Initiative OMAFRA has launched a pilot soil mapping initiative to address critical map areas 2 Year funding support under GF2: Initial mapping efforts: City of Ottawa Urban Fringe County of Peterborough Cochrane Hearst Temiskaming Shores GRCA Greater Golden Horseshoe 8

10 Historical Soil Survey Data o Historical soil survey information will help to inform new mapping. o We have a good idea what soils are in the study areas, need to verify information is correct in the current scale of mapping and current state of information and knowledge.

11 Foundational Data Support to Mapping LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) acquisition 2 yr project 3 planned capture areas leaf off: fall 2016 and spring 2017 Cochrane-Hearst and Peterborough Lake Erie watershed spring 2017 Open data Detailed DEM 10

12 LiDAR Light Detection And Ranging 10 m 15 m Photo Source: City of Ottawa: LiDAR Dataset

13 Geomatics to Bring it all Together o Geomatics tools and software will play a key role in bringing together legacy soil information and new spatial and tabular data and information to generate renewed soil maps. o Predictive soil mapping (PSM) will also be utilized in the renewal process.

14 Predictive Soil Mapping o Predictive soil mapping (PSM) begins with the development of a numerical or statistical model of the relationship among environmental variables and soil properties, which is then applied to a geographic data base to create a predictive map (Franklin, 1995). o The future of soil survey lies in using GIS to model spatial soil variation from more easily mapped environmental variables (Scull, 2003).

15 GIS Data Layers: Quaternary Geology Landowner Access Legacy Soil Maps

16 GIS Data Layers Elevation Data Slope Slope & curvature plays an important role in assigning Land Suitability ratings for soil polygons Curvature

17 GIS Data Layers Ortho Imagery o High resolution imagery helps to identify changes in the landscape. o This helps to identify where soil inspections points should be taken.

18 Applying New Soil Mapping: Precision Agriculture Predictive Digital Soil Field Scale

19 Precision Ag Case Study: Highly Detailed Soil Maps Yield Elevation Hydrologic Slope Value High : 1.0 peak or ridge, dry Soil Remote Sensing Low : 0.0 stream channel or pit (wet) Soybeans Sept 4, 2013

20 Woodrill Farms Wellington Linders - (52ac) Doug Aspinall Soil Map Retired OMAFRA Soil Scientist

21 Soil Type Zone Performance Soil type Soybean Yield SB WW WW WW WW SB SB WW GPH.l # DBK.lcs # LDR.l # Field Avg On average over 25 bu/ac difference between Donnybrook and the Linders Loam in a 10 year period. Soil type WW SB GPH.l DBK.lcs LDR.l Field Slide Courtesy of Dan Breckon

22 Management Decisions by Soil Type Donnybrook Guelph Loam Lower corn seed population Multiple Nitrogen applications Continuous no till Apply higher rate of Higher corn seed populations Lower Nitrogen rates Full tillage 1 out of 4 years Lower rate of compost/manure compost/manure Slide Courtesy of Dan Breckon 21

23 Tillage Prescription Fall 2015 No Tillage Tillage Slide Courtesy of Dan Breckon 22

24 Variable Rate Population Corn (2016) Slide Courtesy of Dan Breckon

25 Nicole Rabe Land Resource Specialist (EMB) Phone: (226) THANK-YOU!