WHEAT VARIETY TRIALS

Transcription

1 WHEAT VARIETY TRIALS Rob Wheeler, SARDI, Key Points: These trials are carried out each year to assess the range of wheat varieties at several sites across the South-East. The regular use of fungicides for disease control within wheat NVT has reduced the impact of disease on grain yield performance, placing greater importance on the use of disease guides for varietal choice. Need to minimise or avoid sowing of susceptible varieties which do not meet minimum disease standards unless a vigilant and successful disease control strategy is in place. Data from the NVT (National Variety Trial) data contains long-term site results. This data should be utilised to reduce the effect of seasonal variability in the decision-making process. Trial Notes for Wheat Varietal trials: - Replicated Plot Trials (generally 3 replicates unless otherwise stated) - Wheat plots were 8m x 1.6m plots (15cm row spacings) (except Millicent which was 5m x 1.6m plots) Sites: Farmer Co-operator April-Oct Rainfall Keith NVT Kym Makin 313 Conmurra NVT Lachie Seears 514 Wolseley NVT Jim and Peter McLellan 428 Millicent James and Chris Gilbertson 567 Frances Chris and Tim Fry 315 Sherwood Ross Lutt 305 Additional information: The Frances site was affected by root disease (Rhizoctonia). The yields from this site have been adjusted based on % infection of the plot. 15

2 Table 1: South-East 2012 Wheat NVT Yield Results 2012 (variety yield as % site average) Variety Conmurra Keith Sherwood Wolseley t/ha Long Term average across sites(08-12) as %site av. AGT Katana Axe Catalina Clearfield Jnz Cobra Corack Correll Dart Derrimut Emu Rock Espada Estoc Gladius Grenade CL Plus Justica CL Plus Kord CLPLUS Lincoln Mace Magenta Peake Phantom Scout Shield Wallup Wyalkatchem Young Yitpi # trials Site av. yield t/ha LSD (%) Date sown 8 June 28 May 6 June 12 June CL/limeston L/limesto Soil Type SL CL e ne J-M / A-O rain mm 50/514 42/306 48/305 49/340 ph water previous crop beans canola canola Canola Site stresses stripe rust Data source: NVT & SARDI/GRDC (long term data based on weighted analysis of sites, ) Data analysis by GRDC funded National Statistics Group 16

3 Table 2: South-East 2012 NVT protein results (% protein at 11% moisture) Variety Conmurra Keith Sherwood Wolseley Mean AGT Katana Axe Catalina Cobra Corack Correll Dart Derrimut Emu Rock Espada Estoc Gladius Grenade CL Plus Justica CL Plus Lincoln Mace Magenta Peake Phantom Scout Wallup Wyalkatchem Table 3: South-East 2012 NVT test weight and screenings results Test weight (kg/hl) Screenings (% <2mm) Variety Conmurra Keith Sherwood Wolseley Mean Conmurra Keith Sherwood Wolseley Mean AGT Katana Axe Catalina Cobra Corack Correll Dart Derrimut Emu Rock Espada Estoc Gladius Grenade CL Plus Justica CL Plus Lincoln Mace Magenta Peake Phantom Scout Wallup Wyalkatchem

4 COMMENTS ON SELECTED NEWER WHEAT VARIETIES (Note: quality classification based on max. eligibility for SA grades) Corack Corack (VW2316) is an early maturing APW quality wheat derived from Wyalkatchem. It has CCN resistance and good yellow leaf spot resistance but is moderately susceptible to leaf and stripe rust and very susceptible to powdery mildew. Trials, in SA NVT since 2010 indicates a high yield potential, particularly in low to medium rainfall situations. Corack has only recently been released in Western Australia, with seed available through AGT (Seed sharing between farmers is allowed with conditions). Emu Rock Released by Intergrain, Emu Rock (IGW3167) is a high yielding, AH (WA/SA/Vic) variety for mid to late sowings in a broad range of environments across WA. This early maturing wheat, is susceptible to CCN but has moderate resistance to stem and stripe rust and is MS/S to leaf rust and MS to yellow spot. Across two seasons NVT in SA, Emu Rock has shown large grain and high yields aligning with Wyalkatchem. Estoc Estoc (RAC1412) was released in late 2010 and is related to Yitpi. It is a mid to late maturing variety like Yitpi, moderately resistant to CCN, S/VS to P. neglectus, with good levels of resistance to all rusts (MR/MS to Yr), slightly better yellow leaf spot (S) resistance and significantly higher grain yields. Estoc is eligible for APW classification, has good physical grain quality like Yitpi and has shown good sprouting tolerance. Seed is available through AGT (Seed Sharing is allowed between farmers with conditions). Forrest Forrest was released by HRZ wheats in 2011, targeting high rainfall zones, as an 18 APW (SA) quality wheat. Forrest has late maturity and plump grain coupled with triple rust resistance, MR/MS to yellow leaf spot, MR to black point and resistance/tolerance to wheat streak mosaic virus. Forrest is susceptible to CCN and S/VS to crown rot. Forrest is commercialised by SeedNet. CL Plus Grenade Grenade (RAC1689R) was released in 2012 and is an imidazolinone herbicide tolerant (Clearfield type) replacement for Justica CL Plus. It is early to mid season flowering with moderate resistance to CCN, useful rust resistance (stem rust MR, stripe rust (WA-Yr17) MR/MS and leaf rust - MS/S) and rated susceptible to yellow leaf spot. It has improved test weight and sprouting tolerance over Justica and an AH classification with seed available for 2013 from AGT Seeds.. Longreach Cobra Cobra (LPB ) was recently released in Western Australia as an early maturing Westonia derivative with AH quality and high yield potential although further evaluation in SA is required. While resistant to CCN and MR/MS to yellow leaf spot, Cobra has moderate susceptibility to stripe (MS/S) and leaf rust. Cobra has good grain size but is moderately susceptible to pre-harvest sprouting. Seed is licensed to Pacific Seeds Longreach Dart Dart (LPB ) is a very early flowering variety released for NSW with AH classification (NSW). Dart is derived from Kurkri and has good resistance to stem and leaf rust and rated MR to stripe rust (WA-yr17). It has good resistance to yellow spot and has good early vigour and a long coleoptile. Dart has been evaluated in SA NVT since Seed is licensed to Pacific Seeds

5 Longreach Phantom Phantom (LRPB ) is a recently released mid to late flowering, moderate yielding milling wheat with an AH classification. It has resistance to CCN, good resistance to powdery mildew and useful resistance to all rusts (stem rust MR/MS, stripe rust MR and MR/MS to leaf rust). Phantom is rated S/VS to yellow leaf spot. Phantom has boron tolerance, low screenings and acceptable test weight. Released from Longreach PB, seed will be available for 2013 and is licensed to Pacific Seeds. Shield Shield (RAC 1718) is a recently released, early to mid season flowering, moderate yielding milling wheat with AH classification and acid soils tolerance. Shield has resistance to CCN, good resistance to all rusts (stem rust R, stripe rust (WA-Yr17) R/MR and leaf rust R/MR) and rated S to yellow leaf spot and moderately resistant to powdery mildew. Shield has good black point resistance (MR/MS), moderate test weight and a low sprouting risk (MI). Seed will be available for 2013 from AGT Seeds. Shield has only been tested since 2011 in NVT and further evaluation is needed. between farmers is allowed with conditions). SOFT WHEATS Longreach Impala Impala is an early to midseason soft biscuit (ASFT) wheat targeted to eastern Australia. Impala has mid season maturity, is susceptible to CCN but has good stem and stripe rust resistance but is susceptible to leaf rust. Impala produces large grain with improved test weight over Bowie and low screenings losses and is MR/MS to black point and resistant to powdery mildew. Seed is licensed to Pacific Seeds. Longreach Gazelle LRPB Gazelle is being marketed by PacSeeds (and their Seed Associate network) and will be focused in the NSW irrigated soft wheat market in its first few years. (Longreach 2012) Wallup Wallup (VV4978-1) was released in 2011 for the Victorian Wimmera and other medium to higher rainfall regions. Wallup has AH quality combined with early to mid season maturity, CCN resistance, moderate stem, stripe and leaf rust resistance, and moderate (MS) levels of yellow leaf spot resistance and good black point resistance. It has useful resistance to root lesion nematodes, excellent straw strength and limited evaluation in NVT shows a moderate yield potential. Seed is available through AGT (Seed Sharing 19

6 Table 4: Durum Wheat Mean grain quality and yield from 2012 NVT Yield (% mean) Quality Results Variety Yorke Peninsula Mid North protein Testwt screenings Caparoi Hyperno Saintly Tamaroi Tjilkuri WID Yawa Site Mean (t/ha) Trial Number 3 3 DURUM WHEATS Tjilkuri Tjilkuri (WID801) has a similar maturity, adaptation and disease resistance profile to Tamaroi, but generally offers greater yields, like Hyperno together with improved semolina colour. Tjilkuri is eligible for APDR grade in SA and was released from the University of Adelaide in 2010 with seed available from the Durum Growers Association. Yawa Yawa (WID803) has just been released from the University of Adelaide with seed available from the Durum Growers Association. Yawa has a similar maturity, adaptation and disease resistance profile to Tamaroi, but offers very high yields, albeit with generally small grain size. Yawa has excellent semolina colour and is eligible for APDR grade in SA WID802 WID802 has just been released from the University of Adelaide with seed available from the Durum Growers Association. WID802 is targeted for the SE of SA (Tatiara districts) and has a similar maturity, adaptation and disease resistance profile to Tamaroi, but offers high yields, albeit with sometimes small grain size. WID802 is eligible for APDR grade in SA 20

7 Table 5: Conmurra Soft Wheat Variety Trial Pred Yield 1000 grain Screenings Hectolitre wt Protein Variety (kg/ha) wt <2.0mm Kg/hl (%) Gazelle Impala Orion Barham Bowie Yenda lsd 644 Site mean 7531 NB/ Yields were calculated on a plot area of 8m x cm (6 ) row spacings Table 6: Conmurra Wheat Variety Trial Early Time of Sowing (12/5/2012) NVT Trial Pred Yld Hectolitre wt Protein Screenings 100 grain wt Variety t/ha kg/hl % % <2.0mm g/1000 Estoc Beaufort Gascoigne Bolac Chara Preston EGA Wedgetail Sentinel Gazelle SQP Revenue EGA Gregory Elmore CL Plus Mansfield Kellalac QAL Naparoo Mean Yield 5.2 lsd 0.69 CV 7.90% NB/ Yields were calculated as per standardised NVT requirements 21

8 Table 7: Conmurra Wheat Variety Trial Main Time of Sowing (8/6/2012) NVT Trial Pred Yld Hectolitre wt Protein Screenings 1000 grain wt Variety t/ha kg/hl % % <2.0mm g/1000 Wallup Emu Rock Estoc Espada Corack Scout Dart Axe Justica CL Plus Clearfield Janz AGT Katana Gladius Elmore CL Plus Cobra Gascoigne Correll Mackellar Magenta Phantom Lincoln Derrimut Grenade CL Plus Peake SQP Revenue Impala Catalina Young Wyalkatchem Gazelle Clearfield Stl Mace Barham Orion Rudd Impose CL Plus Mean Yield 6.04 LSD: 0.69 CV: 6.60% NB/ Yields were calculated as per standardised NVT requirements 22

9 Table 8: Frances Wheat Variety Trial Pred Yld** 1000 grain screenings hectolitre Protein Variety kg/ha wt <2.0mm Kg/hl % Beaufort Correll Kord CL Plus Scout Guardian Impala Lincoln Bogong Yitpi Emu Rock Justica Clearfield Jnz Derrimut AGT Katana Janz Peake Gladius Sentinel HRZ Wakeliln Wallup Axe Bolac Catalina Sabel CL Plus Estoc Forrest Preston Frame Magenta HRZ Espada Barham Bowie HRZ Pugsley Rudd VW SQP-Revenue Wyalkatchem Mace Orion Brennan MacKellar GS GS GS lsd 572 Site Mean 5441 ** Yields have been adjusted based on the amount (%) of root disease present in the plots NB/ Yields were calculated on a plot area of 8m x cm (6 ) row spacings 23

10 Table 9: Millicent Wheat Variety Trial Pred Yield 1000 grain Screenings hectolitre wt Protein Variety (kg/ha) weight <2.00mm kg/hl (%) Bogong Beaufort Wallup VW SQP-Revenue Preston Gazelle Wyalkatchem Gladius MacKellar Scout Derrimut Sabel CL Plus Lincoln Magenta Justica CL Plus Janz Forrest Estoc Espada Barham Mace Bolac Axe HRZ Bowie Peake Impala Sentinel Guardian Clearfield Jnz Emu_Rock Catalina Yenda Brennan HRZ Pugsley Correll Kord CL Plus Frame AGT Katana Yitpi HRZ_Wakelin Rudd Orion LSD (5%) 1109 Site Mean 7111 NB/ Yields were calculated on a 4m x 1.6m plot size 24

11 Table 10: Frances Soft Wheat Variety Trial Pred Yield** 1000 grain Screenings Hectolitre wt Protein Variety kg/ha wt <2.0mm Kg/hl % Impala Gazelle Orion Yenda Bowie Barham lsd 343 Site mean 5365 NB/ Yields were calculated on a plot area of 8m x cm (6 ) row ** Yields have been adjusted based on the amount (%) of root disease present in the plots Acknowledgements - Trials undertaken by the SARDI New Variety Agronomy Group with comments about varieties provided by Rob Wheeler, SARDI - National Variety Trials