Crop Advisories for Kharif-2015 (Contingency Plan/Measures) GUJARAT

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1 Crop Advisories for Kharif-2015 (Contingency Plan/Measures) GUJARAT These advisories are intended to enhance the preparedness for taking up appropriate measures in the event of deficit rainfall situations Natural Resource Management Division & Crop Science Division Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi 0

2 Crop advisories in case of delay in Onset of monsoon till July Monsoon seasonal forecast: The South Asian Climate Outlook Forum (SASCOF-6), which is a collaborative effort of national and international agencies, in their outlook for the monsoon forecast issued during 3 rd week of April,2015, indicated that Below normal rainfall is most likely during the 2015 southwest monsoon season (June September) over South Asia as a whole. This consensus outlook for the 2015 southwest monsoon rainfall over South Asia has been developed through an expert assessment of the prevailing global climate conditions and forecasts from different climate models from around the world. Belownormal rainfall is likely over broad areas of western, central and southwestern parts of South Asia and some areas in the northeastern-most parts of the region. Normal rainfall is likely over broad areas of northern and eastern parts of the region. The outlook for southwest monsoon rainfall over South Asia is shown in Fig.1. The figure illustrates the most likely categories over the region, as well as the probabilities for each category. The probabilities were derived by synthesis of the available information and expert assessment. Summary of the ESSO-IMD s Operational long range forecast: Monsoon season rainfall is likely to be 93% of the Long Period Average (LPA) with a model error of ± 5% in the first outlook issued on 22 nd April and this is revised on 2 nd June 2015 and seasonal rainfall is forecasted to be 88% of the LPA. The LPA of the season rainfall over the country as a whole for the period is 89 cm. IMD in its update on 2 nd June forecasted the rainfall amounts for different regions. The seasonal rainfall is likely to be 85% of LPA over North-West India, 90% of LPA over Central India, 92% of LPA over South peninsula and 90% of LPA over North-East India with a model error of ±8%. The rest of the country is likely to receive seasonal rainfall of 88% of LPA. This regional assessment was superimposed with districts map of India to derive information for different states (Fig. 2). 1

3 Fig 2: Region wise rainfall forecast as on 2 nd June 2015 Figure 3: Advancement of SWM 2015 as on 9 th June 2015 The progress of the monsoon as on 9 th June, 2015 (Fig. 3) indicated a delay of 3 days in the onset of monsoon over Kerala. Rainfall received during the months of March- May in many states is excess compared to normal rainfall. Much of this rainfall was received in March- April causing widespread damage to standing crops. Pre monsoon rainfall in North Eastern States was satisfactory, though delayed, and regular sowings were completed. In the Southern state of Karnataka, excess rainfall with high intensities was received during April and May helping in filling the farm ponds and tanks with reasonable water supplies. Based on the information available on forecast, the advisories for the season are given here. 2

4 Must Do Management Practices to be followed by farmers In-situ moisture conservation measures covering both soil and land management practices to be practiced. They include field bunding, ridges and furrows, conservation furrows, broad bed and furrow systems, mulches etc. Do avoid dry sowing of crops such as Cotton, Groundnut especially in shallow soils. Sowing needs to be done only when sufficient moisture is available in soil root zone. Unless 50-60mm rainfall is received over a period of 2-3 days, sowing should not be carried out. Facility of crop insurance including weather based insurance to be availed. Follow the weather advisories available for the region. General Contingent Suggestions Grow medium and short duration preferably drought tolerant varieties recommended for the region. Rice: GR 3, GR 4, GR 6, GR 7, IR 28, Shukhvel 20, Hathiya, Tulsi, Virender, Gujrat Nagli-4. Bajra: GHB 538, GHB 719, HHB 234, HHB 226, HHB 216, Bio 70, MBC 2, RHB 177, RHB 154, Pusa Cpmposite 443 Sorghum: CSH 6, CFS 4, CFS 5, CFAS 11 Arhar: BDN 2, GT 100, GT 101, GT 1, AGT 102, AGT 2, Vaisali, Green gram: K851, G2, GM 4. Black gram: T 9, GBG 1, GBG 2 Soybean: Ahilya 4, Pratishta, JS 95-05, Maus 81, JS 97-52, Gujarat Soybean 1 Sesame: Purva 1, JTS 8, Praqgati, GT 10, GT 3, Jawahar Til 11, RT 346 Ground nut: JL 501, Castor: GAUCH 1, GCH 2, GCH 6, GCH 7, Less water requiring crops of til, urd, moong, etc. should be preferred under rainfed uplands. Promote intercrop of ground nut + castor (3:1) for better yields. 3

5 Encourage directed seed rice (DSR) over conventional transplanting. Instead of flooding rice crop, keep the field wet with light irrigation. Resource conservation technologies viz. Broad bed and furrow (BBF) system, zero tillage, laser land leveling etc improves moisture availability to crops and also helps in draining out flooded fields, if needed. Frequent intercultural operation should be followed to remove the weeds and break the soil capillaries. Use weeds and farm wastes as mulch in between the crop rows. Foliar spray of 1-3% urea (with or without 0.5% ZnSO 4), 2% DAP, 2% 13:0:45 or 2% 19:19:19 solutions during intermittent drought and immediately after rains to rejuvenate the crops. Use of organic manures to enhances moisture availability in field. Give lifesaving irrigation at critical crop growth stages preferably through sprinkler or drip system, if feasible. Date bound crop specific contingency measures for rainfall deficit/prolonged dry spells Main crops 15 June - 15 July July 1-15 August August 1-15 September Cotton, groundnut, castor, pearl millet, maize, pigeonpea, sorghum, cluster bean, greengram, moth bean Delayed onset / deficit rainfall situation Cotton can be sown up to 15 th July. Recommended varieties include ADCH 1, GSGDH 2, G.Cot 23, G.Cot 21, G.Cot 18, G.Cot 17, G.Cot 16, G.Cot DH 9, G.Cot 15, G.Cot Hy 8, G.Cot 13, G.Cot12, G.Cot 11, V 797 Sow bunch type groundnut (CG2, 5,7,9) and sesame (GT-1, GT-2, GT-3, GT-10); hybrid bajra Early season drought Sow bunch type groundnut (CG2, 5,7,9) and sesame (GT- 2,GT-3, GT-4); hybrid bajra (GHB-905, GHB-719, GHB-744, HHB 234, GHB 558); green gram (GM4); black gram (GU1); pigeonpea (GT 101, BSMR 853, Banas, BDN-2, AGT-2), moth bean (GMO-1, GMO-2) If monsoon is delayed, short Mid-season drought at vegetative stage Thinning of plant population in sorghum and pearl millet. Ratooning depending upon severity. Sow fodder sorghum (GRS-4, GFS-5, S-1049) Sow blackgram (GU-1), forage maize/sorghum (GFS 5), castor (GC-2, Mid-season drought reproductive stage Repeated interculture in black soils to close cracks in soil and create soil mulch to conserve soil moisture. Foliar spray of urea (2%) or KNO 3 (2%) in cotton. Terminal drought Prepare fields for early rabi crops of chickpea, wheat, cumin and oilseeds Apply lifesaving irrigation in cotton, castor and pigeon pea 4

6 Main crops 15 June - 15 July July 1-15 August August 1-15 September Rice Early varieties should be preferred like Sukhwel-20, GR30, Rasi, Tulasi, Virender, GR- 5, GR-8, GR-9, Hathiya duration Spanish bunch varieties like GG 2, GG 5, GG 7 and TG 37A are recommended Gap filling and re-sowing Thinning of plant population in bajra (1 plant / hill) Opening of conservation furrows Soil mulch by repeated interculturing. Alternate furrow irrigation or through micro irrigation. Avoid fertilizer application if insufficient moisture. Sow cluster bean(gg-1, GG-2), castor (GCH-7) and fodder sorghum in unsown areas Spray a combination of two post emergence herbicides i.e. Imazethapyr + g/ha in cluster bean Transplanting of 3 week old nursery of bajra (GHB 744, GHB 538, 719, 732) Early varieties should be preferred like Sukhwel-20, GR30, Rasi, Tulasi, Virender GAUCH-7,) pigeon pea (GT101, BSMR 853, Banas, BDN 2, AGT-2) Repeated interculture in black soils to close cracks in soil and create soil mulch to conserve soil moisture. Conservation of soil moisture by hoeing and weeding Foliar spray of urea (2 %) in castor, cotton, pigeonpea and groundnut Delay top dressing of N, till sufficient occurrence of rain in castor, cotton and pearl millet Adopt topping in cotton to reduce evapotranspiration losses. Foliar spray of thiourea (0.2%) in Rice Delay top dressing of N, till sufficient occurrence of rain in castor and cotton. Conserve moisture for early sowing of rabi crops Alternate furrow irrigation Harvest one row for every 3-rows of bajra and maize. Sow semi rabi sesame (Purva 1) Foliar spray of thiourea (0.2%) in Rice (RHB-177, GHB-719, GHB 538, HHB 234, GHB 558); green gram (PKV AKM 4, GM 4, Pant mung 2); black gram (GU 1, KU 96-3) Use early maturing pigeonpea varieties GT 100, GT 101 & Banas and medium maturing varieties BDN 2, BSMR 853 but if the monsoon is delayed, use varieties Laxmi, Vipula, JKM 189 Provide alternate furrow irrigation or through microirrigation Avoid fertilizer application if soil moisture is insufficient. Sow cluster bean(gg-1, GG-2), castor (GCH-7) and fodder sorghum in unsown areas Transplanting of 3 week old nursery of bajra (GHB 744, GHB 538, 719, 732) Castor: GCH-7, DCH-519, GCH- 6, GCH-4, GC-3 (microirrigation) 5