CANADIAN REGULATIONS AND PROCEDURES FOR PEDIGREED SEED CROP PRODUCTION

Transcription

1 CANADIAN REGULATIONS AND PROCEDURES FOR PEDIGREED SEED CROP PRODUCTION Canadian Seed Growers' Association Circular Revision February 1, 2013 This revised version of the Canadian Regulations and Procedures for Pedigreed Seed Crop Production Circular 6 supersedes all previous versions. Active seed growers and crop certificate assignees will be advised of changes in these regulations. The official version of Canadian Regulations and Procedures for Pedigreed Seed Crop Production Circular 6 is maintained at the CSGA s website: This version is published for convenient reference.

2 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev QUICK REFERENCE SUMMARY MAJOR SEED CROPS AND SPECIFIC SECTION REQUIREMENTS IN CIRCULAR 6 CROP SECTION PEDIGREED CLASS Bean 03 except Select plots 12 Select plots Canola, Rapeseed, Mustard Hybrid 05 except Foundation plots Other 04 except Foundation plots All 13 Foundation plots Cereals (e.g. Barley, Oats, Wheat) 02 except Select Plots 12 Select plots Corn Hybrid 08 Open-pollinated 09 Flax 02 except Select plots 12 Select plots Forage Grasses 06 Forage Legumes 07 Industrial Hemp 10 except Foundation plots 11 Foundation plots Other Crops 14 Pea 03 except Select plots 12 Select plots Pulse Crops (e.g. Lentils) 03 except Select plots 12 Select plots Soybean 03 except Select plots 12 Select plots Sunflower 16 except Foundation plots 13 Foundation plots Introduction 0-2

3 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev TABLE OF CONTENTS BY SECTION SECTION CONTENT DESCRIPTION 0 Introduction: Foreword; Objectives; Information and Contacts; First Steps to Producing Pedigreed Seed Crops; Procedures for the Production of Pedigreed Seed Crops 1 Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops 2 Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Barley, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Flax, Oat, Rye, Triticale, and Wheat 3 Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, and Soybean 4 Certified Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, and Rapeseed (including spring and winter varieties) 5 Certified Production of Hybrid Canola and Rapeseed 6 Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Grasses 7 Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Alfalfa, Birdsfoot Trefoil, Clover, Crown Vetch, Milkvetch, and Sainfoin 8 Foundation and Certified Production of Hybrid Field Corn 9 Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Open Pollinated Corn 10 Registered and Certified Production of Industrial Hemp 11 Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Industrial Hemp 12 Probation and Select Plot Production of Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 13 Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, Rapeseed, Safflower, and Sunflower 14 Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Other Crops 15 Certified Production of Safflower 16 Crops of Open-Pollinated and Hybrid Sunflower 17 Crops of Carrot, Mangel, Sugar Beet, and Rutabaga (Turnip) 18 Crops of Tobacco 19 Crops of Vegetables Introduction 0-3

4 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Appendix A Sample Documents and CSGA Forms: 1. Application for Crop Inspection and Membership (Form 100) 2. Report of Seed Crop Inspection 3. Report of Plot Production (Form 50) 4. Authorization to Assign a Crop Certificate (Form 179 and Form 179A) 5. Crop Certificate 6. Application to Commence Probation Plot Production (Form 154) 7. Official Seed Sealing Tags 8. Application for Appeal (Form 200) 9. Land Use Verification Prior to Planting (Form 101) 10. Declaration of Percent Hybrid Seed (Form 180) 11. Demotion of Breeder Seed Application (Form 45) 12. Application for Breeder Seed Crop Certificate and Certification Eligibility (Form 43) 13. Variety Certification Eligiblity Application (Form 300) 14. Refuge Declaration (Form 182) 15. Authorization to Release Personal Information on CSGA Website (Form 111) 16. Recertification Application (Form 210) 17. Authorization to Submit an Application and Assign Crop Certificates (Form 175) 18. Isolation verification (Form 102) Appendix B The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Seed Certification Schemes The Association of Official Seed Certifying Agencies (AOSCA) Plant Breeders Rights (PBR) Appendix C Glossary Appendix D Seed Crops and Scientific Names Related CSGA Regulations and Programs (available from CSGA) Canadian Regulations and Procedures for Production of Breeder Seed Crops Native Plant Certification Program Identity Preserved Program CSGA By-laws Introduction 0-4

5 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CANADIAN SEED GROWERS ASSOCIATION CANADIAN REGULATIONS AND PROCEDURES FOR PEDIGREED SEED CROP PRODUCTION CIRCULAR 6 RECORD OF AMENDMENTS Amendments to the Canadian Regulations and Procedures for Pedigreed Seed Crop Production will be issued as required. Amendments will be numbered and dated. Please ensure the amendments outlined below have been inserted. If any amended pages are missing, contact the CSGA or download pages from the CSGA website ( Remove obsolete pages. Amendment Number & Date Description of Amendment (Section/Sub-section Number(s), page number(s), etc.) Sections 4.4.2, 6.4.6, Sections: 0-1, 0-3, 0-11, 1.7.1, 1.7.4, 1.7.7, 2 (In this Sec.), 2.2.2a), 2.2.5, 2.4.4, 3.3.7, 4.3.3, 5.5.5f), 9.1.2, 9.2.1, 9.2.2, b), 12 (In this Sec.), , , Appendix A Sections: 0-1, 2 (In this Sec.), 2.2.2a), 2.2.5, 4.4.1b), 4.4.4, 4.5.4, 5.5.1b), 5.5.5, 5.6.2, 8.5.1a), b), , Sections: 0-1, 0-3, 0-4, 0-5, 0-11, 0-12, 1.9.1, , , 2 (In this Sec.), 2.2.5, 2.5.1, 3.2.5, 3.2.6, 3.4.2, 6.5.5, , , , , , , , 12(In this Sec.), , , , , , , , , , Sec. 14, Sec. 17, Sec. 19, Appendix A, A-1, A-15, Appendix C, C Sections: 0-1, 0-4, 0-5, 0-10, 0-11, 0-12, , 2.2.5, 2.4.2, 4.4.2, 5.5.2, , , , , , Sec. 14, Appendix A: A.14 on A-1 and A Sections: 0-1, 0-2, 0-3, 0-4, 0-5, 0-11, 0-12, 1.5.1, , , , , 2.2.5, 3.1.4, 3.2.2, 3.3.5, 4.4.1, 4.4.4, 4.5.4, 5.5.1, , 6.2.2, 6.4.6, 7 (In this Sec.), 7.2.2, 7.4.5, 7.5.3, , , 12 (In this Sec.), 12.3, , , , , , Sec. 14, Sec. 16, Appendix A: A.11 A.14 on A-1 and A-15, Appendix C: C-5, C-6, C-12. Entered by: Introduction 0-5

6 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Amendment Description of Amendment Number & Date (Section/Sub-section Number(s), page number(s), etc.) Sections: 0-1, 0-2, 0-4, 0-6, 0-7, 0-8, 0-9, 0-10, 0-11, 0-12, 0-13, 0-14, 0-15, 0-16, 0-17, 0-18, 0-19, 0-20, 3.1.4, 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 7.1.1, 7.1.2, 7.4.4, 8.5.1, , , , Sec. 14 on 14-1, , , Section 14.11, Section 14.12, Appendix A: A.15 on A-1 and A-15, Appendix C: C-5, C Sections: 0-1, 0-4, 0-6, 0-12, 2.2.5, 3.4.1, 6.5.7, 7.5.6, , Sec. 14 on 14-1, Section 14.4, Section 14.7, Section Appendix A: A.16, A.17 on A-1 and A-15, A-2, A-3, A-4, Appendix C: C-6, C-7, C-8, C-9, C-10, C- 11, C-12, C-13, C-14, C-15, C Sections 0-1, 0-4, 0-6, 1-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5, 2-6, 2-7, 2-8, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-4, 4-5, 12-5, 12-6, 12-7, 12-8, 12-9, 12-10, 12-11, 12-12, 12-13, 13-1, 13-4, 13-5, 13-6, 13-7, 13-8, 13-9, 13-10, 13-11, , , 18-1, Appendix A : A-1, A-2, A-3, A-4, A-16, Appendix C: C-1, C-2, C-15, C-16 Entered by: Introduction 0-6

7 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SEED CROP CERTIFICATION Seed crop certification is a program of planned production, record keeping, unbiased inspections, and rigid standards to ensure the production of high quality, variety specific seed. Whether by traditional means or with the use of biotechnology, plant breeders continue to produce superior varieties of field crops. By overseeing production of seed crops, CSGA provides the vital link between plant breeders and farmers who benefit from these advances. Certified seed is derived from a seed crop that has been issued a CSGA crop certificate, is labelled with an official blue Certified tag (or bulk pedigreed certificate) and graded with a Canada pedigreed grade name when sold in Canada. The blue Certified tag is a symbol of the high quality standards of certification assuring dependable performance. Certification is a limited generation concept whereby variety specific characteristics are maintained. New varieties developed by plant breeders are increased to supply farmers with seed of superior performance. BREEDER SEED PLOTS FOUNDATION SEED CERTIFIED SEED GRAIN Breeder Seed is developed and maintained by the CSGA-recognized plant breeders of public research institutions and private companies. Foundation Seed is the first generation for most open-pollinated crops, and second generation for most self-pollinated crops, produced from Breeder seed and rogued for off-types to meet variety descriptions and strict Foundation purity standards. Certified Seed is the first generation for most open-pollinated crops, and second generation for most self-pollinated crops, produced from Foundation seed by CSGA seed growers for sale to farmers to use in planting their commercial grain acreage. For most self-pollinated crops, Select plots are the first generation from Breeder seed and Registered crops are the first generation from Foundation seed. Most open-pollinated crops are produced in Foundation plots. Seed crop certification is performed for CSGA seed growers and processors dedicated to taking the extra steps necessary in planting, harvesting, handling, storage, and conditioning to produce Certified seed. Introduction 0-7

8 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev FOREWORD The Canadian Seed Growers Association (CSGA) is recognized by the federal Seeds Act and Regulations as the official Canadian pedigreeing agency responsible for prescribing varietal purity standards and certifying seed crops of all agricultural crops, with the exception of potatoes. The Association came into being in 1904, when both President and Secretary were officials from the federal Department of Agriculture. It was not until 1923 that the first non-government employee took over as Secretary, and not until 1925 was the office of President filled by other than a federal government officer. In 1926, the Association elected its first grower President. The Canadian Regulations and Procedures for Pedigreed Seed Crop Production, as prepared by the CSGA, represent the collective experience of federal, university and provincial research and regulatory specialists and representatives of the seed trade assisted by the practical experience of seed growers. Changes in methods and operations have taken place over the years, but the aims and objectives of the CSGA to improve pedigreed seed production and usage have not changed. The coregulatory relationship with the inspection branch of the Department of Agriculture, now the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA), has continued over the years on a partnership basis. The CSGA also works closely with the Research Branch of Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, the agricultural faculties of universities throughout the country, provincial ministries of agriculture, the Canadian Seed Institute (CSI), the Canadian Seed Trade Association (CSTA), the Commercial Seed Analysts Association of Canada (CSAAC), the Association of Official Seed Certifying Agencies (AOSCA), the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Seed Schemes, and many other related organizations. The CSGA s affairs are conducted by a President and a 24-member Board of Directors. Fourteen directors are active growers elected by the general membership, and nine are appointed by Provincial Ministers of Agriculture. The CSGA is located in Ottawa under the supervision of the Executive Director, who is also a director of the Association. Provision is made for the formation of provincial or regional organizations affiliated with the CSGA. These provincial organizations are not authorized to issue crop certificates or to act in any way as pedigreeing agencies. They act as a liaison between seed growers and the national Association, and conduct promotional and extension programs on a provincial basis. The CSGA assures Breeder seed quality through its Canadian Regulations and Procedures for the Production of Breeder Seed Crops, which include requirements for professional recognition of Breeders, audited Quality Management Systems, and seedlot testing for compliance with federal seed grade standards. Most self-pollinated crops are pedigreed through five classes: Breeder, Select, Foundation, Registered and Certified. Most open-pollinated crops are pedigreed through three classes: Breeder, Foundation and Certified. Introduction 0-8

9 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Varietal purity is maintained by limits on generations or multiplications as well as pedigreed classes, parent seed pedigree verification, restrictions on previous land use, isolation distance, impurities, seed crop inspections and other regulations established by the CSGA. Perennial crops are also subject to limits on the age of stand or number of crops eligible for pedigreed status. Breeder, Select, Foundation and Registered seed are principally multiplication classes. Certified seed the terminal pedigreed class is the seed recommended for commercial crop production. The pedigreeing of seed and seed crops ensures varietal purity. This is especially important to maintain yield, quality, disease resistance and the other distinguishing characteristics of a variety. From its office in Ottawa and through Certified seed growers, government representatives, and the seed trade across the country, the CSGA has worked since 1904 to ensure the supply of high quality seed for crop production. Introduction 0-9

10 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev OBJECTIVES The objectives of the Canadian Seed Growers Association are: To ensure, and certify to, the varietal purity of seed crops produced by its members and to maintain the pedigree thereof. To identify, and certify to, for purposes other than further pedigreeing, the varietal purity of seed crops produced from superior propagating material. To encourage the development and introduction of superior varieties and strains of plants. To develop programs which expand the use of pedigreed seed. Generally to contribute to the establishment and maintenance of high standards in yield and quality of agricultural crops. To co-operate with other agencies which have an interest in seed production, promotion and distribution in Canada and abroad. To coordinate the endeavors of pedigreed seed growers with those of plant breeders and commercial crop producers. Introduction 0-10

11 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev INFORMATION AND CONTACTS Canadian Seed Growers Association For more information on CSGA requirements, contact: Mailing Address: Canadian Seed Growers Association P.O. Box 8455 Ottawa, Ontario Canada K1G 3T1 Telephone: (613) Fax: (613) Courier Address: Canadian Seed Growers Association Catherine Street Ottawa, Ontario Canada K2P 2G8 Website: A complete list of CSGA office staff is available from the CSGA s website at: Canadian Food Inspection Agency Enquiries relating to enforcement of the federal seeds regulations should be directed to seed inspection staff at the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA). A complete list of CFIA office contact information is available at: Introduction 0-11

12 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CANADIAN FOOD INSPECTION AGENCY (CFIA) Central Offices for Seed Inspection District Address Phone/Fax British Columbia Box 217 Creston, BC V0B 1G0 Alberta North Room th Street Edmonton, AB T6H 5T6 Alberta South Floor 1, Room Country Hills Landing NW Calgary, AB T3K 5P3 Saskatchewan Room Downey Rd. Saskatoon, SK S7N 4L8 Tel: (250) Fax: (250) Tel: (780) Fax: (780) Tel: (403) Fax: (403) Tel: (306) Fax: (306) Manitoba Ontario Main Street Winnipeg, MB R3C 1B2 259 Woodland Road Suite A Guelph, ON N1H 8J1 Tel: (204) Fax: (204) Tel: (519) Fax: (519) Quebec 2954 boul. Laurier, Suite 100 Quebec, QC G1V 5C7 Tel: (418) Ext. 139 Fax: (418) Atlantic Ottawa Box 6088, 5th Floor, 1081 Main St. Moncton, NB E1C 8R2 CFIA Headquarters Seed Section Canadian Food Inspection Agency 59 Camelot Drive Ottawa, ON K1A 0Y9 Tel: (506) Fax: (506) Tel: (613) Fax: (613) Introduction 0-12

13 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECRETARIES OF CSGA PROVINCIAL AND REGIONAL BRANCHES AND ASSOCIATIONS Name Address Phone/Fax BRITISH COLUMBIA Janet Banman R.R.1, S16 C90 Fort St. John, BC V1J 4M6 Tel: (250) Fax: (250) djbanman@telus.net ALBERTA Lorena Pahl Seed Industry Partnership St. Lacombe, AB T4L 1W8 Tel: (403) Fax: (403) lorena.pahl@seed.ab.ca SASKATCHEWAN Dave Akister West Broadway Yorkton, SK S3N 0L6 Tel: (306) Fax: (306) saskseed@sasktel.net MANITOBA Jennifer Stow R.R.#3, Box 121 Carmen, MB R0G 0J0 Tel: (204) Fax: (204) jennifer.stow@seedmanitoba.ca ONTARIO Harold Rudy 1 Stone Rd. West Guelph, ON N1G 4Y2 Tel: (519) / Fax: (519) harold.rudy@ontariosoilcrop.org QUEBEC Geneviève Blain 3800 boul. Casavant Ouest St. Hyacinthe, PQ J2S 8E3 Tel: (450) Fax: (450) genevieve.blain@upa.qc.ca MARITIMES Daniel Savoie Regional Crop Development Officer Agriculture & Aquaculture P.O. Box 5001 Grand-Falls, N.B. E3Z 1G1 Tel: (506) Fax: (506) daniel.savoie@gnb.ca Introduction 0-13

14 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev FIRST STEPS TO PRODUCING A PEDIGREED SEED CROP 1. Obtain a copy of the documents you require, such as: Canadian Regulations and Procedures for the Production of Pedigreed Seed Crops Circular 6. Application for Crop Inspection and Membership in the CSGA (Form 100). Fee schedule for current crop year. Locations of local seed crop inspection offices. The CSGA calendar of application deadline dates and events. Variety descriptions of the varieties you intend to produce. Rogues and Roguing manual. Forage Production manual (if producing forage crops for seed). Assignment of Crop Certificate (Form 179) for perennial crops with crop certificates assigned to another party, or the Annual Authorization to Assign Crop Certificates (Form 179A). Samples and explanations of documents are provided in Appendix A. 2. Purchase pedigreed seed of Foundation or Registered class. This seed may be purchased in bags or in bulk. The bagged seed must be tagged with official tags. Pedigreed seed purchased in bulk must be accompanied by official pedigree documentation supplied by the seller. The tags and/or documentation must be kept to present to the authorized seed crop inspector and the CSGA on request. This is proof of the pedigree of the seed you sow. A copy of the mechanical purity and germination analysis certificate should also be available to you for this seed. 3. Make sure that the seed is sown on land meeting the requirements of the regulations. Isolate the crop according to requirements. 4. The Application for Crop Inspection and Membership (Form 100) must be completed (including maps) and received by the CSGA before the prescribed deadline dates on the CSGA calendar. Fees must accompany the application. 5. The crop must be rogued throughout the growing season to remove plants of other varieties, off-types, difficult-to-separate other crop kinds, as well as objectionable weeds. 6. Do not harvest the crop until you are positive that the crop has been inspected by an inspector authorized by the CSGA, such as the CFIA. The inspector must provide you with a copy of the report of crop inspection. The original of this report is used by the CSGA to appraise the crop and determine its eligibility for certification. Introduction 0-14

15 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Summary of CSGA Requirements for Seed Crop Certification Circular 6 Application (+ Fee + Required Attachments) Section 1 General Regulations for All Crops Land Use Crop Inspection Crop Standards Parent Seed Eligibility Requirements Previous Land Use Requirements for All Crop Kinds within the Section Previous Land Use Requirements for Specific Crops Specific Crop Sections [2- to end] Crop Standards Isolation Weeds Maximum Impurity Standards Other or Additional Certification Requirements in Variety Description Introduction 0-15

16 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev PROCEDURES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PEDIGREED SEED CROPS This portion of the manual explains the general procedures for the production and certification of a pedigreed seed crop. There are three stages in the production and identification of pedigreed seed. The first is the production of a pedigreed seed crop. If all the requirements for this are met, the CSGA issues a crop certificate. This certifies that the crop meets the requirements for varietal purity and crop standards and shows the pedigreed status (Breeder, Select, Foundation, Registered, Certified) for which the seed is eligible. The second stage is the careful harvesting, handling, conditioning and storage of the seed to preserve purity and quality. The third stage is inspection of the seed to determine its eligibility for a grade under the federal Seeds Act and Regulations. Factors in this are germination, freedom from weed seeds and other crop kinds and general quality. If, from this inspection, the seed qualifies for an official grade, the grader, accredited by the CFIA, authorizes printing of official labels confirming the class of seed and the grade. For pedigreed seed handled in bulk, Bulk Storage Facilities, registered by the CFIA, may also issue a certificate which guarantees that the seed meets grading requirements. Regulations Growers should study the CSGA regulations in this manual and plan their operations to comply with them. The official current version of the Canadian Regulations and Procedures for Pedigreed Seed Crop Production is maintained at: If there are questions as to correct procedures, the grower should contact the CSGA for clarification. Land Requirements To produce pedigreed seed crops, land is chosen which meets requirements with respect to previous crops and isolation, as outlined in the regulations for each crop kind. Certain crops grown in previous years may render the land unacceptable for pedigreed seed production of some crops in following years. It is necessary to plan ahead and to keep accurate records of crops grown on land in previous years. Seed Requirements The seed used must be of a class eligible to produce an additional class of pedigreed seed (e.g., Certified seed cannot normally be used for pedigreed seed production). These classes are specified in the regulations. In cereals, for example, while a grower wishing to produce Certified seed may normally sow Registered, Certified seed may also be produced from Select or Foundation. The grower must retain documents to prove the class of seed planted. This document is the Crop Certificate if the grower produced the seed. If purchased seed was sown, the documents are the official seed labels which were attached to the bags and/or bulk seed certification documents. The crop certificate and/or all labels are to be retained and available to the inspector when the crop is inspected. The CSGA may also require the grower to forward one or more of the labels to the CSGA. Introduction 0-16

17 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Application for Crop Inspection and Membership When the grower has decided on the land and seed to use and has seeded the crop, the grower then completes an Application for Crop Inspection and Membership (Form 100), and includes directions to the farm and fields. (Refer to Appendix A.1.) The first two copies of the form are to be mailed to the CSGA in Ottawa with the appropriate national and Branch fees as detailed in the fee schedule accompanying the application form. Cheques or money orders are to be made payable to the Canadian Seed Growers Association. The grower retains the third copy of the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership. The CSGA forwards a copy of the application to authorized inspectors, usually the local office of the CFIA, who contact the grower and conduct inspection of the crop. In the case of a partnership or corporation, the application form must be signed by a designated signing officer. The CSGA record is kept in the name of the designated person. See glossary for definition of Partnerships. The Application for Crop Inspection and Membership is available from the CSGA, from CSGA s website at most offices of CFIA, or from the secretary of the provincial and regional branches and associations. Crops for which applications for crop inspection are received by the CSGA after the deadline date may be inspected, but only when inspection resources are available. Isolation, Roguing and Management Isolation of seed crop fields, as required by the regulations, should be completed before crop inspection. Roguing must be done when impurities and off-types can be readily identified and before crop inspection. Failure to remove impurities and off-types could result in decline of the crop s pedigree certification. Weed control should be done using recommended control measures. Crop Inspection and Crop Certificate It is the grower s responsibility to: advise the local authorized inspectors, usually at the local office of the CFIA, prior to crop inspection if the crop is not to be inspected; ensure that the crop has been inspected prior to cutting the crop. A crop certificate will not be issued if a grower harvests or swaths the crop before inspection. The crop should be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. The grower should have available for the inspector all the necessary documents and should provide on the application complete directions to field location(s). After the crop has been inspected, the inspector will complete a Report of Seed Crop Inspection, the original of which is forwarded to the CSGA and a copy given to the grower. If the CSGA determines, from its appraisal of this report, that the crop conforms to the required standards, a crop certificate may then be issued. Assigning a Crop Certificate (Form 179/179A) The grower of a pedigreed seed crop may assign the crop certificate to an assignee (usually the vendor of the parent seeds or vendor s designate). Assignment of a crop certificate to an assignee means that the grower has directed the CSGA to issue that crop certificate in the names of both the grower and the assignee, to send that crop certificate to the assignee and a notification of issuance to the grower and also to permit the assignee to access all CSGA certification records for that crop. Introduction 0-17

18 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Except for perennial crops, growers assign crop certificates to an assignee on the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership and/or the Annual Authorization to Assign a Crop Certificate (CSGA Form 179A). For perennial crops, assignment of crop certificates requires submission to the CSGA of a completed Authorization to Assign a Crop Certificate (Form 179), attached to the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership, to confirm the term of the assignment. The Application for Crop Inspection should be submitted to CSGA in the name of the grower. Seed harvested from an assigned crop must be processed, graded and labeled according to the federal Seeds Act and Regulations before it can be sown for further pedigreed seed crop production by anyone other than the grower of the seed crop. (Refer to Section 1.19.) Grower s Records Records should be kept of all pedigreed seed planted and should include quantity of seed and acres planted as well as field identification. Parent seed records should include crop certificate and CSGA sequence numbers from the Report of Seed Crop Inspection for a grower s own seed and, for purchased seed, crop certificate and seed certificate numbers from bag labels or bulk seed certification documents. A grower should keep a complete file of the following documents: Application for Crop Inspection and Membership (Form 100); crop inspection reports; crop certificates issued, unless the certificate was assigned to another party; seed analysis certificates (purity and germination); pedigreed labels (tags) of parent seed planted; quantity of seed planted; year-to-year records of the grower s farm(s) showing: all fields, with identification numbers; the area of each field; the kind and, if known, the variety of crop grown in each field or land use in that year; on fields used for pedigreed seed production, the crop certificate number of the seed planted and the crop certificate number issued for each pedigreed seed crop produced. Seed Equipment All equipment used in the production, handling and processing of pedigreed seed, including seed planters and drills, combines, trucks and seed cleaning or processing equipment, must be cleaned thoroughly before use, particularly if it has been used previously for a different variety or kind of seed or grain. This is essential to prevent contamination. Seed Storage Seed from each field should be stored separately from all other fields in cleaned storage facilities. If a grower has more than one field of the same variety, and one field is rejected, all seed of that variety may be rejected for certification if the seed from other fields is stored with it. Seed of different kinds, varieties, or classes must be stored separately. Grading and Labeling of Seed Harvested seed for which a crop certificate has been issued is not considered as pedigreed seed eligible for sale with a variety name, unless it is processed, inspected, graded and labeled according to the federal Seeds Act and Regulations. Introduction 0-18

19 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Maintaining the reliable reputation of pedigreed seed requires processing to very high quality standards. Processing to a lower standard involves potential purity risks and could damage the reputation for quality of pedigreed seed. Tags should remain on bags of pedigreed seed until seeding time. Reasons Why Crops are Declined Pedigreed Status CSGA records indicate that less than 2 percent of the crops that are inspected each year are declined pedigreed status for one or more of the following reasons: Other Crop Kinds in excess of the CSGA standards for difficult-to-separate crop kinds (e.g., barley plants in a wheat crop). This type of problem is usually the result of volunteer growth from a previous crop grown on the land or the improper cleaning of seeding equipment prior to sowing the field. All crops for pedigree should be intensively rogued throughout the growing season and prior to inspection. Official variety descriptions define the characteristics of a variety. Off-types or Other Varieties in excess of the maximum impurity standard for the variety (e.g., bearded types in a non-bearded variety). This may result from seed contamination, previous crops volunteering, poorly cleaned equipment or mixing of seed lots at seed processing or seeding. All crops for pedigree should be intensively rogued throughout the growing season and prior to inspection. Previous Land Use not conforming to the regulations (e.g., growing a seed crop on land which produced a commercial crop of the same crop kind the previous year). Some crop kinds, especially for plot production, require careful selection of land because of previous land use conditions, which may extend up to 5 prior years. Accurate land history records are essential. Very Weedy crops are declined because the excessive presence of weeds does not allow adequate inspection of the crop for varietal impurities and other crop kinds. Very weedy crops can also damage the quality reputation of pedigreed seed. For some crop kinds, there are specific weeds that must not be present, e.g., Cleavers Bedstraw or Wild Mustard in Canola/Rapeseed/Mustard crops and prohibited noxious weeds in all pedigreed seed crops. Insufficient Isolation of the crop. CSGA regulations require that crops for pedigree be isolated from other crops which might offer a source of varietal or mechanical contamination through cross-pollination or harvesting mistakes. Seed Planted not Eligible results from Certified seed being sown; seed of foreign origin for which pedigree cannot be established or seed not tagged or properly documented according to the federal Seeds Act and Regulations. Crop Cut before Inspection results in an automatic decline of pedigree to the crop. Standing crops must be inspected to determine varietal purity by an authorized inspector recognized by the CSGA. Age of Stand may be reason for demotion or decline of pedigree for perennial crops. Tables and prescribe the age of stand for grass and legume seed crops. Introduction 0-19

20 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Demotion to a Lower Pedigree Class Crops may also be demoted to a lower pedigree class if the problem is not sufficiently severe to cause a decline of pedigree. Before declining or demoting a crop, the CSGA carefully considers all information available. An appeal process for declines and demotions is available to provide new information to the CSGA (Refer to Section 1.9 and Appendix A.8.) Introduction 0-20

21 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 1 REGULATIONS FOR ALL PEDIGREED SEED CROPS 1.1 A condition which will bring pedigreed seed into disrepute may be cause for declining pedigreed status. 1.2 MEMBERSHIP Any person, partnership or organization producing or undertaking to produce pedigreed seed must apply for membership in the Canadian Seed Growers Association (CSGA), in accordance with the By-Laws All Applications for Crop Inspection and Membership (CSGA Form 100) must be made to the CSGA each year in which a crop is grown and presented for pedigreed status certification An applicant must be of legal age. In the case of a partnership, at least one member of the partnership must be of legal age In provinces or regions where there is a seed growers organization approved by the Board of Directors of the CSGA, an applicant for membership in the CSGA is required to become a member of the Branch or Association in the province or region in which the crop is grown as a condition of being admitted to membership in the CSGA. 1.3 APPLICATION FOR CROP INSPECTION AND MEMBERSHIP Growers must apply for crop inspection on the application form supplied by the CSGA. The Application for Crop Inspection and Membership (refer to Appendix A.1) is available from the CSGA, from CSGA s website at most offices of CFIA, or from the secretary of the provincial and regional branches and associations Crops for which applications for crop inspection are received by the CSGA after the CSGA s deadline date may be inspected but only when inspection resources are available All inspections depend on an authorized inspector being able to safely provide the requested service at the proper time. Acceptance of application and fees by CSGA does not guarantee field inspection In order to ensure field inspection, the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership, accompanied by the necessary fees, must be received by the CSGA by deadlines dates published by the CSGA. 1.4 EVIDENCE OF PEDIGREE Growers must present satisfactory evidence of the pedigree of the parent seed of crops offered for pedigreed status. When seed is purchased, all pedigreed seed labels or documentation must be retained and made available to the authorized seed crop inspector and to the CSGA upon request. Regulations for all Pedigreed Seed Crops 1-1

22 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev DETERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY, STATUS AND CLASS The CSGA reserves the right to determine the eligibility of any crop for pedigree and the status of the seed crop produced. A crop planted with Certified seed is not eligible to produce a pedigreed crop unless otherwise specified by the CSGA (e.g., for export only, Certified second generation under the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) Seed Certification Schemes). 1.6 CROP UNIT AND ISOLATION Isolation requirements are stated in the specific regulations for crop kinds and are the minimum isolation distances required. a) Boundaries must be clearly defined and adjacent crops must not overlap. b) Isolation strips are not considered part of the crop area. c) A part of the crop may be refused pedigreed status if it does not meet the standards. The remainder of the field may be granted pedigreed status if it has the proper isolation from the unacceptable portion and meets all other standards. d) The area, density and location of contaminants within isolation strips may determine eligibility for pedigreed status A crop for pedigreed status may be grown with a companion crop provided permission is obtained from the CSGA and the seed used to plant the companion crop is of a purity acceptable to the CSGA The crop should be planted in such a manner as to facilitate inspection and effective removal of plants of off-types, other varieties, other crop kinds and weeds. 1.7 CROP INSPECTION The number of inspections required is determined by the crop kind The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected prior to swathing or harvesting It is the responsibility of the grower at the time of application to correctly identify the location of the crops to be inspected. The inspector assumes no responsibility for inspecting the wrong crop The inspector will provide the grower with a copy of the final Report of Seed Crop Inspection (refer to Appendix A.2) If not satisfied with the Report of Seed Crop Inspection or if corrective action verification is required, the grower has the right to request a reinspection at the grower s expense. Regulations for all Pedigreed Seed Crops 1-2

23 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev If the classification or identification of off-type plants is challenged, the grower may request a referee inspection, which must be performed by an authorized seed crop inspector. Any charges incurred for such referee inspections will be the responsibility of the grower The CSGA is under no obligation to authorize reinspections requested because of a grower s failure to comply with regulations A commercial crop may be inspected to assess the eligibility of the land for pedigreed seed production the following year. This is called land use inspection. Fees for this service are paid directly to the CFIA or authorized crop inspection service. (Refer to Section 1.17.) 1.8 CROP CERTIFICATES A Crop Certificate (refer to Appendix A.5) will be issued in the name of the seed grower responsible for the management and production of the seed crop as indicated on the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership, except as set out below (1.8.2 and 1.8.5) Crop certificates for hybrid crops may be issued to the person or company responsible for the variety The record of seed crop production is credited to the CSGA production record of the grower of the crop Crops for which a crop certificate has not been issued by April 30 of the year following crop inspection will be considered as ineligible for pedigree unless approved by the CSGA The grower may assign a crop certificate to another party on the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership (CSGA Form 100), on the Annual Authorization to Assign a Crop Certificate (CSGA Form 179A), or as required for perennial crops, by completing an Authorization to Assign a Crop Certificate (CSGA Form 179). The names of both the grower and the assignee will appear on the crop certificate provided that the assignment is received by the CSGA before the crop certificate is issued. Refer to Section 1.19 and Appendix A The CSGA reserves the right to issue a crop certificate to the grower if an assignment has not been received prior to certificate issuance The CSGA reserves the right to delay issuing a crop certificate until the applicant s account has been paid in full. 1.9 APPEALS A grower may request an appeal of the CSGA decision on an inspected crop. The appeal request must include a completed Appeal Application (Form 200), factual, verifiable information and, for most crop kinds, be submitted to CSGA by October 15 of the year of crop inspection Although an assignee may support the appeal, the Appeal Application must be submitted under the signature of the grower of the crop. Regulations for all Pedigreed Seed Crops 1-3

24 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev The appeal may be reviewed by the Appeals Committee of the CSGA Board of Directors If corrective action is taken by the grower to correct a problem with the crop, the grower should immediately request a reinspection by an authorized seed crop inspector FEES Applicable fees for pedigreeing crops are as published by and payable to the CSGA The CSGA does not collect fees incurred for reinspection and inspection for land use. These fees are paid directly to the authorized crop inspection agency, such as the CFIA Acreage fees, variety fees and/or plot fees will not be charged for a field or plot cancelled prior to inspection Where applicable, the annual membership fee of the provincial affiliated organization (Branch or Association) of the CSGA must be paid as a condition of membership in the CSGA BREEDER SEED PRODUCTION It is the responsibility of the Breeder to make application to the CSGA for Breeder seed crop inspection. All production of Breeder seed crops for CSGA certification are subject to CSGA crop inspection requirements for Breeder seed crops. The standards for Breeder seed crop production are published in the Canadian Regulations and Procedures for Production of Breeder Seed Crops, which is available from the CSGA and on the CSGA website at Breeder seed can only be demoted and sold as Foundation or Registered seed provided the seedlot is subject to official varietal purity verification testing and a crop certificate of the demoted class has been issued by the CSGA Breeder seed must be transferred in closed containers, identified by tags or labels signed by the Breeder. The seed should have a minimum mechanical purity at least equal to that required for Canada Foundation seed verified by a seed analysis certificate which should accompany the seed TRANSFER AND SALE OF SEED FROM PEDIGREED SEED CROPS A grower does not need to have parent seed graded and labelled if the crop applied for inspection is grown by the same grower who produced the parent seed. Otherwise, documented pedigreed seed of an eligible class must be obtained to produce a crop for further pedigree. If imported seed is sown, it must be labeled as authorized by an official certifying agency recognized by the CFIA The CSGA may refuse to recognize the pedigree of parent seed if: a) When the seed left the premises or the responsibility of the vendor or distributor, the pedigreed seed was not officially graded, tagged, labeled or documented. b) Original container(s) of seed were split into different lots and then the lots were not resealed according to the federal Seeds Act and Regulations requirements. Regulations for all Pedigreed Seed Crops 1-4

25 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev c) Official certification labels or documents were not on the parent seed containers when received by the purchaser Select seed being sold or transferred must be in closed containers, identified with Select tags provided by the CSGA and must meet the grading and conditioning, as well as germination and purity requirements, of the Canada Foundation grade of the federal Seeds Act and Regulations. A seed analysis certificate indicating mechanical purity and germination and test date should accompany Select seed Unless otherwise prescribed by the CSGA: a) Accredited Select or Foundation plot growers may obtain Breeder seed for Select or Foundation plot production. Select plot growers may produce Select plots from their own Select seed production. b) Probation plot growers may produce only one Probation plot in each year of Probation. c) Growers, other than Select and Foundation plot growers accredited by the CSGA, planting Breeder seed or Select seed may be granted Registered or Certified status Seed from pedigreed crops, other than Breeder or Select seed, may be transferred to other parties for processing and grading in accordance with the federal Seeds Act and Regulations Bulk pedigreed seed may be delivered only by a Bulk Storage Facility registered pursuant to the federal Seeds Act and Regulations Applicants for crop inspection are responsible for ensuring that seed crops destined for seed certification under the OECD Seed Schemes meet all the certification requirements of the OECD Seed Schemes NUMBER OF VARIETIES PERMITTED The CSGA reserves the right to refuse pedigreed status to any or all varieties when a seed grower is growing more varieties and kinds than the CSGA considers an acceptable seed production practice especially for plot production. For Select and Foundation plot production requirements, refer to Sections 11, 12 and DISEASE Prevention of disease in pedigreed crops and seed is a very important factor in maintaining high production and seed quality. A crop may be declined pedigreed status because of the presence of disease which exceeds the limits established from time to time by the CSGA, unless the crop or seed is treated as recommended Seed borne disease standards may be established by official regulations A strict watch should be maintained for plant diseases at all levels of production. Suspicion of an unknown disease should be reported to the CFIA or provincial authority who can advise as to the necessary control treatment When seed treatment is recommended, all seed should be treated before planting. Regulations for all Pedigreed Seed Crops 1-5

26 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev REGULATIONS FOR OTHER CROPS Regulations for most crop kinds not provided in this publication are available from the CSGA IMPORTATION OF PEDIGREED SEED Pedigreed seed imported into Canada must meet the minimum standards for mechanical purity as prescribed by the federal Seeds Act and Regulations If the variety is subject to registration and is not registered for sale in Canada, the importer must comply with all requirements of the federal Seeds Act and Regulations, which may include an import declaration, sale pursuant to a contract and responsibility for all production Pedigreed seed of foreign origin may be imported into Canada but, if offered for sale by variety name, the seed must be graded and labelled with a Canada pedigreed grade name LAND USE INFORMATION Regulations governing the land which is eligible to produce a pedigreed seed crop are based on sound cropping practices Crops should not be grown on land where volunteer growth from a previous crop may cause contamination Minimum requirements have been established for each crop kind and are outlined in the crop specific sections of these regulations When choosing land for a pedigreed seed crop the seed grower must consider the following: a) Will volunteer growth from the previous crop on this land provide a source of varietal contamination to the proposed seed crop? b) Will any volunteer plants be difficult to rogue from the seed crop, or will their seed be difficult to separate? c) Will seedborne disease problems occur in the crop as a result of previous crops? d) Was the previous crop inspected for pedigree and did it meet CSGA standards? If uncertain of the eligibility of land for seed production, the grower should use the Land Use Verification form (Form 101, Appendix A.9) to provide the following information to CSGA in writing, prior to planting: a) What variety, kind and class is intended for planting on the land this year? b) When was the proposed crop kind (or variety) last grown on this land? c) What was the variety and kind of the previous crops in the past 3 years? d) Was a pedigreed class of seed used to sow the previous crops? If so, provide the crop certificate number covering the seed planted in the past 3 years. e) Was the previous crop field inspected? If so, provide the crop certificate number issued for the inspected crop (not the crop certificate number of the seed sown). f) Was the previous crop free of plants of the proposed crop kind to be grown this year? Regulations for all Pedigreed Seed Crops 1-6

27 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev If the land use plans outlined in the Land Use Verification (Form 101, Appendix A.9) meet the CSGA requirements, notice of approval is sent to the grower If a grower wishes to establish a land use eligibility record for subsequent pedigreed seed crop production on a particular field, this field should be included on the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership. Fees for land use inspections are paid directly to the CFIA or authorized crop inspection agency. Land use inspections are not used for subsequent production of Select, Probation or Foundation Plots because the land use inspections are considered non-pedigreed crops STORING OF PARENT SEED Clean, clearly identified and separate storage for all pedigreed seed is essential. Requirements and recommended procedures for handling and labelling pedigreed seed are outlined in Sections 2 and 5 of the Canadian Seed Institute (CSI) Approved Conditioner Technical Manual and some conditions can require a new crop certificate to be issued by the CSGA ASSIGNMENT OF CROP CERTIFICATES The grower of a pedigreed seed crop may assign the crop certificate to an assignee. The grower of the crop is defined as the person responsible for production of the seed crop from sowing to harvesting Inspectors will report to the CSGA those crops which do not appear to be grown under the direct management of the applicant for crop inspection Except for the assignment of certificates for more than 1 year for perennial crops, growers assign crop certificates to an assignee on the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership (CSGA Form 100, Appendix A.1) and/or the Annual Authorization to Assign a Crop Certificate (CSGA Form 179A, Appendix A.4). For perennial crops, assignment of crop certificates requires submission to the CSGA of a completed Authorization to Assign a Crop Certificate (CSGA Form 179, Appendix A.4), attached to the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership, to confirm the term of assignment The Application for Crop Inspection and Membership should be submitted to the CSGA in the name of the grower The seed used to plant a crop with an assigned crop certificate must either be the grower s own seed or seed that has been graded and labeled according to the federal Seeds Act and Regulations. (Refer to Section 1.12 for details governing movement of pedigreed seed.) Assignment of a crop certificate to an assignee means that the grower has directed the CSGA to issue that crop certificate in the names of both the grower and the assignee, to send that crop certificate to the assignee, to send a notification of issuance to the grower and to permit the assignee to access all CSGA certification records for that crop Cancellation of an Authorization to Assign a Crop Certificate requires a letter to the CSGA, signed by all parties involved, requesting cancellation of the assignment. Regulations for all Pedigreed Seed Crops 1-7

28 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev VARIETAL PURITY SEED STANDARD Although crop inspection remains the primary method for assessing varietal purity in Canada, the standards for varietal purity of seed for Foundation, Registered and Certified grades are those established by the Association of Official Seed Certifying Agencies (AOSCA) and published in the AOSCA Certification Handbook A CSGA exception to the AOSCA seed standards are the following maximum impurity standards for off-types and other varieties in Field Peas: 2/10,000 Foundation; 5/10,000 Registered; 20/10,000 Certified HIGHER VOLUNTARY OR ADDITIONAL CERTIFICATION STANDARDS Seed crops may require higher voluntary or additional certification standards that are clearly defined in the variety description, provided that: a) the higher voluntary or additional certification standards have been communicated by the Breeder or variety distributor to all parties involved with regulation and production of the variety; and b) when required to verify varietal identity, the CSGA has been authorized by the Breeder or variety distributor to require varietal purity verification testing before a crop certificate is issued by the CSGA Examples of higher voluntary or additional certification standards include previous land use or isolation distance requirements that exceed the standards in Circular 6, border row requirements and lab tests for varietal identity verification For additional certification standards that involve varietal blends, a refuge declaration (Form 182) stating the percent refuge must be submitted to CSGA before a crop certificate is issued. Unless otherwise specified in the additional certification standards, the refuge declaration shall provide the year the seed was produced, the CSGA crop sequence numbers, the test method name or number, the number of seeds tested and the confidence level of the test results. Regulations for all Pedigreed Seed Crops 1-8

29 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 2 FOUNDATION, REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF BARLEY, BUCKWHEAT, CANARYSEED, DURUM, FLAX, OAT, RYE, TRITICALE, AND WHEAT In this Section: Barley includes spring and winter Barley. Oat includes covered and naked Oat. Rye includes spring and fall (winter) Rye. Triticale includes spring and winter Triticale. Wheat includes spring and winter Wheat, Einkorn, Emmer and Spelt (unless otherwise specified). Durum is not included. Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations. 2.1 SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and are normally Foundation, Registered and Certified. a) Breeder: controlled by the Plant Breeder. No generation limit. b) Select: normally 5 generations. Grown by accredited plot growers. c) Foundation: one generation. d) Registered: one generation. e) Certified: one generation For Select and Probation plot production, refer to Section For those growers who are not accredited by the CSGA to grow Probation, Select or Foundation plots, and who plant crops with Breeder or Select seed, the CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the crop and may issue a Registered or Certified crop certificate. 2.2 LAND REQUIREMENTS Crops should not be planted on land where volunteer growth from a previous crop may cause contamination Status granted to crops determined by the previous crop a) Land requirements prevent production of a higher pedigreed status crop (of the same variety) than the pedigreed status of the crop produced on that land the previous year. b) Breeder or Select seed of the same variety may be sown in two consecutive years on the same land and the crop will be eligible for Foundation status. The third and fourth consecutive crops of the same variety on the same land, if planted with Breeder, Select or Foundation seed, will be eligible for Registered status. c) Foundation seed of the same variety may be sown in two consecutive years on the same land and the crop will be eligible for Registered status. The third and fourth consecutive crops of the same variety on the same land, if planted with Breeder, Select, Foundation or Registered seed, will be eligible for Certified status. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Barley, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Flax, Oat, Rye, Triticale, and Wheat 2-1

30 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev d) Breeder, Select, Foundation or Registered seed of the same variety may be sown to produce a Certified seed crop on the same land for unlimited consecutive years Land Use Inspection Non-pedigreed crops may be inspected to determine the eligibility of the land for pedigreed crop production the following year. Authorized seed crop inspectors conduct these inspections on request at the grower s expense. Refer to Section Land Use Verification If uncertain of the eligibility of land for pedigreed crop production, growers may submit to the CSGA a request for Land Use Verification Prior to Planting. Refer to Section 1.17 and Appendix A Specific Crop Land Requirements The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: Table 2.2.5: Specific Crop Land Requirements Inspected Crop Barley (Spring and Winter) Certified Barley (Spring and Winter) Foundation and Registered Buckwheat Certified Buckwheat Foundation and Registered Canaryseed Foundation, Registered and Certified Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale or Wheat; - a crop of a different variety of Barley. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Canaryseed, Flax, Safflower or Sunflower which followed a non-pedigreed crop of Barley 2 years prior or a different variety of Barley 2 years prior. In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale or Wheat; - a crop of a different variety of Barley. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Bean, Canaryseed, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Safflower, Soybean or Sunflower which followed a non-pedigreed crop of Barley 2 years prior or a different variety of Barley 2 years prior. In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Buckwheat; - a crop of a different variety of Buckwheat. In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Buckwheat; - a crop of a different variety of Buckwheat. In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Canaryseed; - a crop of a different variety of Canaryseed; - a crop of Flax. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Durum, Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Safflower, Soybean, Sunflower, Triticale or Wheat which followed a non-pedigreed crop of Canaryseed 2 years prior or a different variety of Canaryseed 2 years prior. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Barley, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Flax, Oat, Rye, Triticale, and Wheat 2-2

31 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Specific Crop Land Requirements Inspected Crop Durum Certified Durum Foundation and Registered Flax Foundation, Registered and Certified Oat Certified Oat Foundation and Registered Rye (Spring and Winter) Certified Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Canaryseed, Durum, Oats, Rye, Triticale, Winter Wheat or Spring Wheat; - a crop of a different variety of Durum. In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Canaryseed, Durum, Oats, Rye, Winter Wheat or Triticale; - a crop of a different variety of Durum; In either of the preceding 2 years, produced a crop of Spring Wheat; In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop which followed a nonpedigreed crop of Durum 2 years prior or a different variety of Durum 2 years prior. In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Flax; - a crop of a different variety of Flax; - a crop of Canaryseed. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Durum, Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Safflower, Soybean, Sunflower, Triticale or Wheat which followed a non-pedigreed crop of Flax 2 years prior or a different variety of Flax 2 years prior. In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale or Wheat; - a crop of a different variety of Oat. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Canaryseed, Flax, Safflower or Sunflower which followed a non-pedigreed crop of Oat 2 years prior or a different variety of Oat 2 years prior. In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale or Wheat; - a crop of a different variety of Oat. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Bean, Canaryseed, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Safflower, Soybean or Sunflower which followed a non-pedigreed crop of Oat 2 years prior or a different variety of Oat 2 years prior. In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale or Wheat; - a crop of a different variety of Rye. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Canaryseed, Flax, Safflower or Sunflower which followed a non-pedigreed crop of Rye 2 years prior or a different variety of Rye 2 years prior. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Barley, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Flax, Oat, Rye, Triticale, and Wheat 2-3

32 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Specific Crop Land Requirements Inspected Crop Rye (Spring) Registered (Winter) Foundation and Registered Rye (Spring) Foundation Triticale (Spring and Winter) Certified Triticale (Spring) Registered (Winter) Foundation and Registered Triticale (Spring) Foundation Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale or Wheat; - a crop of a different variety of Rye. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Bean, Canaryseed, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Safflower, Soybean or Sunflower which followed a non-pedigreed crop of Rye 2 years prior or a different variety of Rye 2 years prior. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Triticale or Wheat. In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Rye; - a crop of a different variety of Rye. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Bean, Canaryseed, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Safflower, Soybean or Sunflower which followed a non-pedigreed crop of Rye 3 years prior, or a different variety of Rye 3 years prior. In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale, or Wheat; - a crop of a different variety of Triticale. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Canaryseed, Flax, Safflower or Sunflower which followed a non-pedigreed crop of Triticale 2 years prior, or a different variety of Triticale 2 years prior. In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale, or Wheat; - a crop of a different variety of Triticale. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Bean, Canaryseed, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Safflower, Soybean or Sunflower which followed a non-pedigreed crop of Triticale 2 years prior, or a different variety of Triticale 2 years prior. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, or Wheat. In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Triticale; - a crop of a different variety of Triticale. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Bean, Canaryseed, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Safflower, Soybean or Sunflower which followed a non-pedigreed crop of Triticale 3 years prior or a different variety of Triticale 3 years prior. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Barley, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Flax, Oat, Rye, Triticale, and Wheat 2-4

33 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Specific Crop Land Requirements Inspected Crop Must NOT be grown on land which: Wheat In the previous year produced: (Spring and - a non-pedigreed** crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Oat, Rye, Triticale or Winter) Wheat; Certified - a crop of a different* variety of Wheat; - a crop of Durum. In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Canaryseed, Flax, Safflower or Sunflower, and which followed a non-pedigreed** crop of Wheat or a different* variety of Wheat 2 years prior. Wheat In the previous year produced: (Spring) - a non-pedigreed** crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Oat, Rye, Triticale or Registered Wheat; - a crop of a different* variety of Wheat; (Winter) - a crop of Durum. Foundation and In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Bean, Canaryseed, Registered Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Safflower, Soybean or Sunflower, and which followed a non-pedigreed** crop of Wheat, or a different* variety of Wheat 2 years prior. Wheat In the previous year produced: (Spring) -a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Oat, Rye or Triticale. Foundation -a crop of Durum In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed** crop of Wheat; - a crop of a different* variety of Wheat; In the previous year produced a non-pedigreed crop of Bean, Canaryseed, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Safflower, Soybean or Sunflower and which followed a non-pedigreed** crop of Wheat 3 years prior, or a different* variety of Wheat 3 years prior. - In crops of pest tolerant varietal blends: * different variety means a variety other than the varieties prescribed in the description of the pest tolerant variety. ** non-pedigreed crop means a crop that did not meet the requirements of Circular CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status. Cereal crops must be headed and other crops must be in bloom. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Barley, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Flax, Oat, Rye, Triticale, and Wheat 2-5

34 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation for All Crops in this Section a) The perimeter of the crop to be inspected must be clearly defined. b) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection, and may be clean summerfallow, non-contaminating native growth, forage crop, cultivated row crop of another crop kind, the seeds of which can be easily separated, or a mowed grain crop, provided the plants in the mowed strip do not form seed heads or in any way constitute a source of contamination. c) Any plants considered a source of contamination found within 3 meters (10 feet) of the inspected crop may be reason for declining pedigreed status. Table 2.4.2: Minimum Isolation Distances Required from an Inspected Crop to Other Crops Inspected Crop Other Crops Isolation Distance Required Barley - Inspected pedigreed Barley of same variety 1 meter (3 feet) - Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale, Wheat - Different varieties of Barley 3 meters (10 feet) - Non-pedigreed Barley Buckwheat - Inspected pedigreed Buckwheat of same variety 1 meter (3 feet) - Barley, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale, Wheat 3 meters (10 feet) - Crop planted with Certified seed of the same variety 3 meters (10 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and that the adjacent crop is free for 200 meters (660 feet) from non-pedigreed or different varieties of Buckwheat - Different varieties of Buckwheat 200 meters (660 feet) - Non-pedigreed Buckwheat Canaryseed - Inspected pedigreed Canaryseed of same variety 1 meter (3 feet) - Flax - Different varieties of Canaryseed 3 meters (10 feet) - Non-pedigreed Canaryseed or Flax Durum - Inspected pedigreed Durum of the same variety 1 meter (3 feet) - Barley, Buckwheat, Oat, Rye, Triticale, Wheat 3 meters (10 feet) - Different varieties of Durum - Non-pedigreed Durum Flax - Inspected pedigreed Flax of same variety 1 meter (3 feet) - Canaryseed - Different varieties of Flax 3 meters (10 feet) - Non-pedigreed Flax or Canaryseed Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Barley, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Flax, Oat, Rye, Triticale, and Wheat 2-6

35 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Minimum Isolation Distances Required from an Inspected Crop to Other Crops Inspected Other Crops Crop Oat - Inspected pedigreed Oat of same variety 1 meter (3 feet) - Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Rye, Triticale, Wheat - Different varieties of Oat 3 meters (10 feet) - Non-pedigreed Oat Rye - Inspected pedigreed Rye of same variety 1 meter (3 feet) - Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Triticale, Wheat 3 meters (10 feet) - Crop planted with Certified seed of the same variety 3 meters (10 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and that the adjacent crop is free for 300 meters (984 feet) from non-pedigreed or different varieties of Rye - Different varieties of Rye 300 meters (984 feet) - Non-pedigreed Rye Triticale - Inspected pedigreed Triticale of same variety 1 meter (3 feet) - Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Wheat 3 meters (10 feet) - Different varieties of Triticale - Non-pedigreed Triticale Wheat - Inspected pedigreed Wheat of same* variety 1 meter (3 feet) - Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale - Different* varieties of Wheat 3 meters (10 feet) - Non-pedigreed Wheat * In crops of pest tolerant varietal blends, different variety means a variety other than the varieties prescribed in the description of the pest tolerant variety Weeds a) All crops for pedigree should be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards a) Crops contaminated with limited amounts of other crop kinds which are readily removable in processing and do not hinder crop inspection may be allowed pedigreed status. b) Impurities in pedigreed crops should be removed prior to crop inspection. c) The impurities outlined in Table are the maximum levels for impurities. Variants may be specified by the responsible Breeder and are not considered impurities unless reported in excess of the acceptable level specified. d) Any combination of impurities may be reason for declining pedigreed status. Isolation Distance Required Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Barley, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Flax, Oat, Rye, Triticale, and Wheat 2-7

36 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev e) Table indicates the maximum number of plants of other varieties or other crop kinds permitted in approximately 10,000 plants of the inspected crop. The inspector makes 6 counts (10,000 plants each) in the field to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average must not exceed the maximum impurity standards in Table Table 2.4.4: Maximum Impurity Standards IMPURITIES IN CROP Inspected Crop Off-types or Other Varieties of the same crop kind Barley Buckwheat Durum Oats Rye Triticale Wheat F & R C F & R C F & R C F & R C F & R C F & R C F & R C F & R C Barley 1 5 n/a n/a Buckwheat n/a n/a Canaryseed 1 5 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Durum n/a n/a Flax 1 5 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a Oat* n/a n/a Rye n/a n/a Triticale n/a n/a 1 5 Wheat ** n/a n/a F = Foundation R = Registered C = Certified n/a = Not Applicable * In Oat crops, counts of Wild Oats are subject to the maximum impurity standards for Off-types or Other Varieties of the same crop kind. **C.P.S. wheat for other varieties and Off-types: Foundation = 1, Registered = 3, Certified = SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS CSGA may require submission of a seed sample for varietal identity verification testing. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Barley, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Flax, Oat, Rye, Triticale, and Wheat 2-8

37 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 3 FOUNDATION, REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF BEAN, FABABEAN, LENTIL, LUPIN, PEA, AND SOYBEAN In this Section: Bean includes field, garden, white, coloured, navy or dry edible type Bean. Pea includes Chickpea. Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations. 3.1 SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety. Normally these are Foundation, Registered and Certified, unless otherwise specified by the Breeder. a) Breeder: controlled by the Plant Breeder. No generation limit. b) Select: normally 5 generations. Grown by accredited plot growers. c) Foundation: one generation. d) Registered: one generation. e) Certified: one generation For Select and Probation plot production, refer to Section For those growers who are not accredited by the CSGA to grow Probation, Select or Foundation plots, and who plant crops with Breeder or Select seed, the CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the crop and may issue a Registered or Certified crop certificate A Foundation Soybean crop may be produced by a grower not accredited by the CSGA as a Plot Grower subject to the following requirements: a) Parent seed planted to produce the Foundation Soybean seed crop must be Breeder or Select status; b) In three of the past five years, the grower must have produced pedigreed Soybean seed crops; c) The Foundation Soybean seed crop must be produced under a contract and assigned to a Registered Seed Establishment (RSE) within an officially recognized Quality Management System subject to audit by the Canadian Seed Institute; and d) Seedlot(s) from the Foundation Soybean seed crop will be tested, by the grower or the RSE, for variety verification and test results will be available for CSGA audit. 3.2 LAND REQUIREMENTS Crops should not be planted on land where volunteer growth from a previous crop may cause contamination. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, and Soybean 3-1

38 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Status granted to crops determined by previous crop a) Land requirements prevent production of a higher pedigreed status crop, of the same variety, than the pedigreed status of the crop produced on that land the previous year. b) Breeder or Select seed of the same variety may be sown in two consecutive years on the same land and the crop will be eligible for Foundation status. The third and fourth consecutive crops of the same variety on the same land, if planted with Breeder, Select or Foundation seed, will be eligible for Registered status. c) Foundation seed of the same variety may be sown in two consecutive years on the same land and the crop will be eligible for Registered status. The third and fourth consecutive crops of the same variety on the same land, if planted with Breeder, Select, Foundation or Registered seed, will be eligible for Certified status. d) Breeder, Select, Foundation or Registered seed of the same variety may be sown to produce a Certified seed crop on the same land for unlimited consecutive years Land Use Inspection Non-pedigreed crops may be inspected to determine the eligibility of the land for pedigreed crop production the following year. Authorized seed crop inspectors conduct these inspections on request at the grower s expense. Refer to Section Land Use Verification If uncertain of the eligibility of land for pedigreed crop production, growers may submit to the CSGA a request for Land Use Verification Prior to Planting. (Section 1.17 and Appendix A.9.) Specific Crop Land Requirements The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: Table 3.2.5: Specific Crop Land Requirements Inspected Crop Bean Fababean Lentil Lupin Pea Soybean Must NOT be grown on land which in the previous year produced: A non-pedigreed crop of Bean or a different variety of Bean. A non-pedigreed crop of Fababean or a different variety of Fababean. A non-pedigreed crop of Lentil or a different variety of Lentil. A non-pedigreed crop of Lupin or a different variety of Lupin. A non-pedigreed crop of Pea or a different variety of Pea. A non-pedigreed crop of Soybean or a different variety of Soybean except as in Section Land Requirements for Certified Crops of Herbicide Tolerant Soybean Varieties The following applies only when a herbicide tolerant soybean variety is to be grown for Certified crop status following a soybean crop of a different variety. (Herbicide tolerant soybean variety is defined for the purpose of pedigreed seed production as a variety of soybean in which plants of different soybean varieties can be eradicated in the crop by a herbicide.) A herbicide tolerant soybean variety for Certified status may be produced on land, which in the previous year produced a soybean crop of a different variety only if the following conditions are met: (i) The crop to be Certified is a herbicide tolerant soybean variety. (ii) The herbicide applied to the soybean crop for Certified status is a different herbicide than that which was applied to the previous soybean crop. (iii) The previous soybean crop was sown with pedigreed seed of a variety not tolerant to the herbicide being applied to the crop for Certified status. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, and Soybean 3-2

39 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status Soybean crops must be inspected at maturity Fababean crops must be inspected either at flowering or at maturity depending on the type Lentil, Lupin, and Pea crops must be in bloom Crops of Bean should be inspected twice before harvest by an authorized inspector. The first inspection must be made between 10 and 20 days after full bloom and the second inspection must be made at maturity. 3.4 CROP STANDARDS Isolation for All Crops in this Section a) The perimeter of the crop to be inspected must be clearly defined. b) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection, and may be clean summerfallow, non-contaminating native growth, forage crop, a grain crop or a cultivated row crop of another crop kind the seeds of which are easily separated from the inspected crop. c) Adjacent crops must not overlap. d) Any plants considered a source of contamination found within 3 meters (10 feet) of the inspected crop may be reason for declining pedigreed status. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, and Soybean 3-3

40 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table 3.4.2: Minimum Isolation Distances Required from an Inspected Crop to Other Crops Inspected Crop Other Crops Isolation Distance Required Bean Registered, - Any crop of Bean 3 meters (10 feet) Certified Bean Foundation - Inspected pedigreed Bean seed crop 3 meters (10 feet) - Non-pedigreed Bean crop 20 meters (65 feet) Bean all classes - Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Peanut, 3 meters (10 feet) Soybean Fababean - Inspected pedigreed Fababean of same 1 meter (3 feet) variety - Bean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Peanut, Soybean - Crops of different varieties of Fababean 3 meters (10 feet) - Non-pedigreed crop of Fababean Lentil - Inspected pedigreed Lentil of same variety 1 meter (3 feet) - Bean, Fababean, Lupin, Peanut, Soybean - Crops of different varieties of Lentil 3 meters (10 feet) - Non-pedigreed crop of Lentil Lupin - Inspected pedigreed Lupin of same variety 1 meter (3 feet) - Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Pea, Peanut, Soybean 3 meters (10 feet) - Crops of different varieties of Lupin - Non-pedigreed crop of Lupin Pea - Inspected pedigreed Pea of same variety 1 meter (3 feet) - Bean, Fababean, Lupin, Peanut, Soybean - Crops of different varieties of Pea 3 meters (10 feet) - Non-pedigreed crop of Pea Soybean - Inspected pedigreed Soybean crops of same 1 meter (3 feet) variety - Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Peanut - Crops of different varieties of Soybean 3 meters (10 feet) - Non-pedigreed crop of Soybean Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, and Soybean 3-4

41 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Weeds a) All crops for pedigree should be free of Prohibited and Primary noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards a) Crops with limited amounts of other crop kinds which are not difficult to separate, readily removable in processing and do not hinder crop inspection may be allowed pedigreed status. b) Impurities in pedigreed crops should be removed prior to crop inspection. c) The impurities outlined in Table are the maximum levels for impurities. Variants may be specified by the responsible Breeder and are not considered impurities unless reported in excess of the acceptable level specified. d) Any combination of impurities may be reason for declining pedigreed status. e) Table indicates the maximum number of plants of off-types or other varieties of the same crop kind permitted in approximately 10,000 plants of the inspected crop. The inspector makes 6 counts (10,000 plants each) in the field to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average must not exceed the maximum impurity standards in Table Table 3.4.4: Maximum Impurity Standards Inspected Crop Off-types or Other Varieties of the same crop kind Foundation Registered Certified Bean Fababean Lentil Lupin Pea Soybean SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS Foundation status crops may require submission of a 1 lb. (500 gram) seed sample for varietal purity verification testing. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, and Soybean 3-5

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43 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 4 CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF CANOLA, MUSTARD, OILSEED RADISH, AND RAPESEED In this Section: Canola and Rapeseed includes spring and winter varieties of Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, and canola-quality Brassica juncea. Mustard includes varieties of Brown or Oriental types (Brassica juncea), White/Yellow types (Sinapis alba) and Ethiopian types (Brassica carinata). Oilseed Radish includes varieties of Raphanus sativus. Composite varieties have descriptions that confirm they are not hybrids and that at least 70% of progeny result from crossing of the parent lines. Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations. 4.1 SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS Breeder: controlled by Breeder. No generation limit Select Synthetic: a physical blend of specific proportions of seed harvested from Breeder or Foundation plots used in the production of Certified seed crops of composite varieties. Crops sown with Synthetic Select Canola/Rapeseed are for Certified status only Foundation: one generation, grown by accredited Foundation plot growers. Refer to Section Certified: one generation For Certified Hybrid Canola and Certified Hybrid Rapeseed crops, refer to Section For growers not accredited to grow Foundation plots and who plant crops with Breeder seed, the CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the inspected crop and may issue a Certified crop certificate The direction of the cross of a composite variety must remain unchanged throughout certification unless adequate data, which verifies that parentage reversal does not change distinguishing characteristics or performance, are provided to the authority responsible for certification eligibility recognition. 4.2 LAND REQUIREMENTS Crops should not be planted on land where volunteer growth from a previous crop may cause contamination. Certified Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, and Rapeseed 4-1

44 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Status granted to crops determined by previous crop a) Crops for Certified status must not be grown on land which in the preceding 3 years produced a crop of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, or Rapeseed. b) Crops for Certified status may be grown on land which in the preceding 3 years produced a plot of the same variety that was granted Foundation status. 4.3 CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree Inspection must be made when the crop is in the early flowering stage as this is the stage when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status. 4.4 CROP STANDARDS Isolation for All Crops in this Section a) Under optimum conditions, not more than 3 plants per square meter of harmful contaminants (such as species in Section that can cross-pollinate with the inspected crop) are permitted within the required isolation distance(s) adjacent to the inspected crops. The conditions of each crop are assessed by the CSGA which may alter this standard, usually by reducing the number of contaminant plants permitted per square meter, according to the contamination risks involved. b) Harmful contamination within the required isolation distance, depending on density, location and distance from the inspected crop, may be cause for declining pedigreed status. Harmful contaminants for crop certification include the species in Section More information on other potential harmful contaminants, that are not crop certification requirements, is available from the CFIA s Biology reference documents at: c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection. Certified Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, and Rapeseed 4-2

45 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table 4.4.2: Minimum Isolation Distances Required from an Inspected Crop to Other Crops Inspected Crop Canola or Rapeseed except canolaquality Brassica juncea Brown or Oriental Mustard and canola-quality Brassica juncea White/Yellow Mustard Other Crops -Different varieties of Canola or Rapeseed -Non-pedigreed Canola or Rapeseed -Brown or Oriental or Ethiopian Mustard -Planted with Certified seed of the same variety -White/Yellow Mustard -Oilseed Radish -Camelina -Different varieties of Brassica crop species -Non-pedigreed Brassica crop species -Planted with Certified seed of the same variety -White/Yellow or Ethiopian Mustard -Oilseed Radish -Camelina -Different varieties of White/Yellow Mustard -Non-pedigreed White/Yellow Mustard -Planted with Certified seed of the same variety -Canola, Brown or Oriental or Ethiopian Mustard -Rapeseed -Oilseed Radish -Camelina Isolation Distance Required 100 meters (328 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and that the adjacent crop is free for 100 meters (328 feet) from harmful contamination (i.e. other species that can cross pollinate with the inspected crop). 3 meters (10 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free for 100 meters (328 feet) from harmful contamination (i.e. other species that can cross pollinate with the inspected crop). 200 meters (656 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and that the adjacent crop is free for 100 meters (328 feet) from harmful contamination, i.e. other species which can cross pollinate with the inspected crop. 3 meters (10 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free for 100 meters (328 feet) from harmful contamination (i.e. other species that can cross pollinate with the inspected crop). 200 meters (656 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and that the adjacent crop is free for 100 meters (328 feet) from harmful contamination (i.e. other species which can cross pollinate with the inspected crop). 3 meters (10 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free for 100 meters (328 feet) from harmful contamination (i.e. other species that can cross pollinate with the inspected crop). Certified Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, and Rapeseed 4-3

46 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Minimum Isolation Distances Required from an Inspected Crop to Other Crops Inspected Crop Oilseed Radish Ethiopian Mustard Other Crops -Different varieties of Oilseed Radish -Non-pedigreed Oilseed Radish -Planted with Certified seed of the same variety -Canola, Brown or Oriental, or White/Yellow or Ethiopian Mustard -Rapeseed -Camelina Different varieties of Brassica crop species -Non-pedigreed Brassica crop species -Planted with Certified seed of the same variety -White/Yellow Mustard -Oilseed Radish -Camelina Isolation Distance Required 200 meters (656 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and that the adjacent crop is free for 100 meters (328 feet) from harmful contamination (i.e. other species which can cross pollinate with the inspected crop) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free for 100 meters (328 feet) from harmful contamination (i.e. other species that can cross pollinate with the inspected crop). 200 meters (656 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and that the adjacent crop is free for 100 meters (328 feet) from harmful contamination (i.e. other species which can cross pollinate with the inspected crop) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free for 100 meters (328 feet) from harmful contamination (i.e. other species that can cross pollinate with the inspected crop) Weeds a) All crops for pedigree should be free of Prohibited and Primary noxious weeds. b) The presence of either Cleavers Bedstraw or Wild Mustard is cause for declining pedigreed status. c) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards a) Crops for pedigreed status must be practically free from plants of: - other varieties or distinct off-types foreign to the variety being grown; - other crop kinds, the seeds of which are difficult to separate from the crop presented for pedigreed status, e.g., Mustard in Canola. b) In Oilseed Radish seed crops, impurity standards apply for plants of other Brassica crop species and Wild Mustard, but not for White Mustard (Sinapis alba). c) Impurities in pedigreed crops should be removed prior to crop inspection. d) The impurities outlined in Table are the maximum levels for impurities. Variants may be specified by the responsible Breeder and are not considered impurities unless reported in excess of the acceptable level specified. Certified Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, and Rapeseed 4-4

47 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev e) Any combination of impurities may be reason for declining pedigreed status. f) Table indicates the maximum number of plants of other varieties, off-types or other crop kinds permitted in approximately 10,000 plants of the inspected crop. The inspector makes 6 counts (10,000 plants each) in the field to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average of the 6 counts must not exceed the maximum standards in Table Table 4.4.4: Maximum Impurity Standards Inspected Crop Off-types/Other Varieties Plants of harmful contaminant species (Section 4.5.4) Canola, Rapeseed, Mustard and Oilseed Radish SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS It is recommended that not more than one variety or crop kind of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, or Rapeseed be grown under the management of one grower The CSGA may require seed test results from a recognized laboratory, indicating a satisfactory erucic acid and/or glucosinolate content, before a crop certificate is issued Composite varieties are subject to hybridity seed testing requirements of Section prior to a crop certificate being issued Species considered harmful contaminants for crop certification, that may cross pollinate successfully with inspected crops of species in this Section, include the following: - B. juncea: Brown or Oriental Mustard; - B. napus: Argentine Canola; - B. rapa: Polish Canola; - S. alba: White or Yellow Mustard; - R. raphanistrum: Wild Radish. - R. sativus: Oilseed Radish. Certified Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, and Rapeseed 4-5

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49 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 5 CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF HYBRID CANOLA AND RAPESEED In this Section: Canola and Rapeseed includes spring and winter varieties of Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, and canola-quality Brassica juncea, except where otherwise indicated. Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations. 5.1 SEED CLASSES, GENERATIONS, DEFINITIONS AND TYPES Seed Classes/Generations a) Breeder: controlled by the Breeder. No generation limit. b) Foundation: one generation, grown by accredited Foundation plot growers. (Refer to Section 13.) c) Certified: one generation Definitions a) Parent line or population: a relatively true breeding strain or selection used for seed crop production. b) Inbred line: a relatively true breeding homozygous strain. c) A line: line or population which is male sterile. d) B line: male fertile line or population capable of maintaining male sterility. e) Restorer line: line or population used as male parent which has the capability of restoring fertility to male sterile lines/populations when crossed onto them. f) Self-incompatible (S.I.) line: male fertile line or population incapable of selfpollination due to self incompatibility. g) Self-compatible (S.C.) line: male fertile line or population which is capable of self pollination. h) Composite variety: a plant population in which at least 70% of progeny result from crossing of the parent lines. (Refer to Section 4.) Types a) Single-cross hybrid: the first generation of a cross between two specified inbred parent lines or relatively homogeneous parent populations. b) Foundation single-cross: a single-cross used in the production of a double-cross, a Foundation three-way cross hybrid or a top-cross hybrid. c) Double-cross hybrid: the first generation of a cross between two Foundation singlecross hybrids. d) Three-way cross hybrid: the first generation of a cross between an inbred parent line or parental population and a Foundation single-cross. e) Top-cross hybrid: The first generation of a cross between an inbred parent line and an open pollinated variety. Certified Production of Hybrid Canola and Rapeseed 5-1

50 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SEED REQUIREMENTS Breeder or Foundation status seed must be used to establish all stands of Hybrid Canola and Hybrid Rapeseed for pedigreeing The direction of the cross of a Hybrid Canola or Hybrid Rapeseed or composite variety must remain unchanged throughout the certification of the variety unless adequate data, which verifies that parentage reversal does not change the variety s distinguishing characteristics or performance, are provided to the authority responsible for certification eligibility recognition. 5.3 LAND REQUIREMENTS Crops of Brassica rapa or winter Brassica napus for Certified status must not be planted on land which has produced: a) Brassica rapa or winter Brassica napus during the preceding 5 years; or b) spring Brassica napus, Mustard or Oilseed Radish during the preceding 3 years Crops of spring sown Brassica napus for Certified status must not be planted on land which has produced Canola, Rapeseed, Mustard or Oilseed Radish during the preceding 3 years. 5.4 CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status All Hybrid Canola and Hybrid Rapeseed crops must be inspected by an authorized inspector when the crop is in the early flowering stage of the female parent. Additional inspections may be warranted Crops for inspection include all parent lines (e.g., both A line and Restorer line). Certified Production of Hybrid Canola and Rapeseed 5-2

51 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Under optimum conditions, not more than 3 plants per square meter of harmful contaminants (species in Section that can cross-pollinate with the inspected crop) are permitted within the required isolation distance(s) adjacent to the inspected crops. The conditions of each crop are assessed by the CSGA which may alter this standard, usually by reducing the number of contaminant plants permitted per square meter, according to the contamination risks involved. b) Harmful contamination within the required isolation distance, depending on density, location and distance from the inspected crop, may be cause for declining pedigreed status. Harmful contaminants for crop certification include the species in Section More information on other potential harmful contaminants, that are not crop certification requirements, is available from the CFIA s Biology reference documents at: c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection. Table 5.5.2: Minimum Isolation Distances Required from an Inspected Crop to Other Crops Inspected Crop Other Crops Isolation Distance Required -Any other Canola or 800 meters (2624 feet) (or more, as specified by the Rapeseed crop Breeder) Canola or Rapeseed planted with Breeder or Foundation Seed for Certified Hybrid seed production -Crop planted with Foundation seed of the same pollen bearing (male) parent -Does not apply to S.I. hybrid crop production -Brown or Oriental Mustard crop -White/Yellow Mustard crop -Oilseed Radish crop -Camelina 3 meters (10 feet), provided the pedigree of the Foundation seed used can be established and the prescribed isolation distance is free from harmful contamination (i.e., other species which can cross pollinate with the inspected crop, including A-line pollen shedders) 100 meters (328 feet), provided the Brown or Oriental Mustard crop is free of Canola or Rapeseed plants for a distance of 800 meters (2624 feet) from the inspected crop 3 meters (10 feet), provided the White/Yellow Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Camelina crop is free of Canola or Rapeseed plants for a distance of 800 meters (2624 feet) from the inspected crop Border Rows a) Must be planted with the same seed as the pollen (male) parent rows. b) Must be planted such that synchronous flowering occurs with pollen (male) parent rows and, more importantly, with receptive female parent plants of the inspected crop Weeds a) Crops should be free of Prohibited and Primary noxious weeds. b) The presence of either Cleavers Bedstraw or Wild Mustard in the area of the crop to be harvested for seed is cause for declining pedigreed status. c) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status. Certified Production of Hybrid Canola and Rapeseed 5-3

52 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Maximum Impurity Standards a) Impurities in pedigreed crops should be removed prior to crop inspection. b) The impurities outlined in Table are the maximum levels for impurities. Variants may be specified by the responsible Breeder and are not considered impurities unless reported in excess of the acceptable level specified. c) Any combination of impurities may be reason for declining pedigreed status. d) Table indicates the maximum number of plants of other varieties, off-types or other crop kinds permitted in approximately 10,000 plants of the inspected crop. The inspector makes 6 counts (10,000 plants each) in the field to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average must not exceed the maximum impurity standards in Table Table 5.5.5: Maximum Impurity Standards Inspected Crop Off-types/Other Varieties Plants of harmful contaminant species (Section 5.6.2) Brassica napus, Brassica rapa and Canola-quality Brassica juncea e) Percent hybrid seed shall be determined by a method approved by the CFIA. f) Percent hybrid seed shall not be less than 80% for hybrid Canola or hybrid Rapeseed and not less than 70% hybridity or heterozygosity for composite varieties of Canola. The balance of the seed must result from incompletely controlled pollination in the seed field. g) A declaration (CSGA Form 180, Appendix A.10) stating the actual percent hybrid seed of a representative sample of the Hybrid Canola, Hybrid Rapeseed or composite variety seed crop, and the method of determining the percent hybrid seed, must be submitted to the CSGA prior to a crop certificate being issued. Unless otherwise specified in the variety description, the declaration of percent hybrid seed shall also provide the following information: CSGA Sequence number, the test method name or number, the number of seeds tested and the confidence level of the test. 5.6 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS The CSGA, at its discretion, may require the results from a recognized laboratory indicating a satisfactory erucic acid and/or glucosinolate content before a crop certificate is issued Species considered harmful contaminants for crop certification, that may cross pollinate successfully with inspected crops of species in this Section, include the following: - B. juncea: Brown or Oriental Mustard; - B. napus: Argentine Canola; - B. rapa: Polish Canola; - S. alba: White or Yellow Mustard; and - R. raphanistrum: Wild Radish. Certified Production of Hybrid Canola and Rapeseed 5-4

53 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 6 FOUNDATION, REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF GRASSES Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations. 6.1 SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS Varieties will normally be multiplied through Breeder, Foundation and Certified classes with one generation in each class unless otherwise specified by the Breeder and the official seed certification authority in the state or country of origin A Foundation seed crop is normally grown from planting Breeder seed A Registered seed crop is grown from planting Breeder or Foundation seed A Certified seed crop is grown from planting Breeder, Foundation or Registered seed Tags from seed planted must be retained for the life of the stand and made available to the crop inspector and/or the CSGA on request. 6.2 LAND REQUIREMENTS Crops should not be planted on land where volunteer growth from a previous crop may cause contamination Specific Crop Land Requirements The following applies except where chemical control measures acceptable to the CSGA have been taken to eradicate growth from a previous crop of the same crop kind. Table 6.2.2: Specific Crop Land Requirements Inspected Crop Foundation Registered Certified Inspected Crop Annual Ryegrass Certified Must NOT be grown on land which: In the 5 years prior to seeding produced a non-pedigreed crop of the same crop kind or a crop of a different variety of the same crop kind. In the 3 years prior to seeding produced a pedigreed crop of the same variety. In the 3 years prior to seeding produced a crop of the same crop kind. In the 2 years prior to seeding produced a crop of the same crop kind. May be grown on land which: In the 2 years prior to seeding produced a pedigreed crop of the same variety Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Grasses 6-1

54 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev No manure or other potential sources of contamination should be applied to the land prior to seeding or during the productive life of the stand The land should be free of plants of the same crop kind prior to seeding. 6.3 CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status Crop inspection by an authorized inspector is required each year that a pedigreed seed crop is to be harvested Crop inspection shall be made when the crop is headed and before harvest. 6.4 AGE OF STAND The pedigreed class of the seed crop will vary by crop species, the number of classes designated by the Breeder or the authorized agent of the Breeder and the Age of Stand. (Refer to Table ) Additional limitations on Age of Stand through which a variety may be multiplied outside the region of adaptation may be specified by the Breeder or the authorized agent of the Breeder If rejuvenation is used as a management practice, it will count as a year of production in calculating the Age of Stand For most perennial crops there is a specified maximum number of years during which pedigreed seed may be harvested from one planting Calculating Age of Stand a) For calculating Age of Stand, the first seed crop is the first year in which a seed crop could normally be harvested, irrespective of time or method of planting. b) Each calendar year thereafter will be considered a seed crop year. For example: Timothy sown without a companion crop in the fall is normally considered capable of producing seed the following year. Timothy seeded with pedigreed seed of Winter Wheat as a companion crop in the fall will be considered for the first year of seed production in the second year after planting. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Grasses 6-2

55 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table 6.4.6: Effect of Age of Stand on Pedigreed Class of Major Grass Seed Crops* (Breeder, Foundation, Certified) When crop is When crop is established with established with INSPECTED CROP Breeder Seed Foundation Seed No. of years No. of years No. of years Mode of for for for pollination Foundation Certified Certified Bentgrass C.P. Bluegrass Alpine A. Big A. Canada A. Kentucky A. Rough A. Bromegrass Meadow C.P. Smooth C.P. Fescue Chewing's C.P. Creeping Red C.P. Hard C.P. Meadow C.P. Sheep C.P. Tall C.P. Foxtail Creeping C.P. Meadow C.P. Junegrass C.P. Needlegrass C.P. Orchardgrass C.P. Reed Canarygrass C.P. Red Top C.P. Ryegrass Altai Wild C.P. Annual C.P. Dahurian Wild S.P. Italian C.P. Intermediate C.P. Perennial C.P. Russian Wild C.P. Westerwold C.P. Timothy C.P. Wheatgrass Broadglumed C.P. Crested C.P. Green C.P. Intermediate C.P. Northern C.P. Pubescent C.P. Slender S.P. Streambank C.P. Tall C.P. Western C.P. * Information on other grass seed crops is available from CSGA A. = Apomictic C.P. = Cross Pollinating S.P. = Self Pollinating Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Grasses 6-3

56 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) A crop offered for inspection must be isolated from any possible source of contaminating pollen in compliance with the minimum isolation distance requirements in Table and Table b) The area, density and location of the contaminating source is an important factor in cross pollination, and therefore must be noted on the Report of Crop Inspection for consideration in determining pedigreed status. c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection. Table 6.5.2: Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Inspected Grass Crops and Different Varieties or Non-pedigreed Crops of the Same Crop Kind Mode of pollination (Refer to Table 6.4.6) Cross-pollinated species (C.P.) Highly selfpollinated species (S.P.) Field size (if applicable) Isolation distance required from a crop of a different variety or non-pedigreed crop of the Same Crop Kind for production of: Foundation Registered Certified 5 acres or less 400 m (1312 ft) 300 m (984 ft) 150 m (492 ft) More than 5 acres 300 m (984 ft) 100 m (328 ft) 50 m (164 ft) 20 m (65 ft) 10 m (33 ft) 5 m (16 ft) Apomictic species (A.) 20 m (65 ft) 10 m (33 ft) 5 m (16 ft) Table 6.5.3: Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Inspected Grass Crops and Other Crop Kinds and Other Pedigreed Crops Planted with Seed of the Same Variety Inspected Crop Grasses all classes Grasses for Certified crop status Other Crop - Crops of different classes of the same variety - Crop kinds with seeds that are difficult to separate. - Planted with Certified seed of the same variety Isolation Distance Required 3 meters (10 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided there is no harmful contamination within 50 meters (164 feet) of the inspected crop Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Grasses 6-4

57 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Border Removal in Lieu of Isolation Distances a) Border removal is not practical for fields of 5 acres or less. b) Border removal is not recommended if the pedigreed seed field is a thin stand. c) For crops in excess of 5 acres in area, removal of a border from the inspected crop in lieu of required isolation is permitted if arrangements can be made for a second inspection. Costs for a second inspection must be paid directly by the grower to the CFIA or authorized crop inspection service. d) The border must be allowed to shed pollen before being discarded. Evidence of the discarded border must be verified at the second inspection. e) The distance between the inspected crop and a crop of a different variety or a nonpedigreed crop of the same crop kind is outlined in Table Table 6.5.4: Border Removal in Lieu of Isolation Distances Inspected Crop Actual isolation distance from contaminating source Foundation 300 m (984 ft) + 0 m (0 ft) m ( ft) 3 m (10 ft) m ( ft) 5 m (16 ft) less than 150 m (492 ft) Registered 100 m (328 ft) + 0 m (0 ft) m ( ft) 3 m (16 ft) m ( ft) 5 m (16 ft) less than 50 m (164 ft) Certified 50 m (164 ft) 0 m (0 ft) m ( ft) 3 m (10 ft) m (82-97 ft) 5 m (16 ft) less than 25 m (82 ft) Distance to be removed from the inspected seed crop 5 m (16 ft) m (492 ft) minus the actual isolation distance 5 m (16 ft) + 50 m (164 ft) minus the actual isolation distance 5 m (16 ft) + 25 m (82 ft) minus the actual isolation distance) Border Removal in Lieu of Isolation for Certified Crops of Creeping Red Fescue a) Isolation requirements for Certified status crops of Creeping Red Fescue, of more than 5 acres, are based on the size of the Certified crop and the percentage of the crop within 50 meters (164 feet) of a Creeping Red Fescue crop of another variety or a Creeping Red Fescue crop planted with non-pedigreed seed. b) For a Certified status crop of Creeping Red Fescue, 50 meters (164 feet) is normally required from the edge of the seed crop to the nearest Creeping Red Fescue crop or a Creeping Red Fescue crop planted with non-pedigreed seed. c) If the isolation distance provided is less than 50 meters (164 feet), then determine if border removal is required by using the procedures outlined in Chart 6.5.5, 10% Rule Procedures for Determining if Border Removal is Required for Certified Crops of Creeping Red Fescue. d) If the isolation zone area within 50 meters (164 feet) of the contaminating pollen source is 10% or less of the total area of the inspected Certified seed crop, then border removal in lieu of isolation is NOT required and only 3 meters (10 feet) of isolation distance is required. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Grasses 6-5

58 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev e) If the isolation zone area within 50 meters (164 feet) of the contaminating pollen source is more than 10% of the total area of the inspected Certified crop, then border removal in lieu of isolation IS required as prescribed in Section Certified crops of Creeping Red Fescue must still meet any other isolation requirements such as Table Chart 6.5.5: 10% RULE PROCEDURES for DETERMINING IF BORDER REMOVAL IS REQUIRED FOR CERTIFIED CROPS OF CREEPING RED FESCUE a) To determine if border removal is required, calculate the area of the isolation zone using the following example: Example: L = length of inspected seed crop W = width of inspected seed crop Y = 50 meters minus D L x W = total area of inspected seed crop D = isolation distance provided W x Y = area of isolation zone If; L = 200 meters; W = 40 meters; D = 30 meters and Y = (50-D) = 20 meters, then calculations for 10% rule procedures to determine if border removal is required are: 1. Isolation zone area: W x Y (40m x 20m) = 800 sq. m 2. Total area of inspected seed crop: W x L (40m x 200m) = 8,000 sq. m. 3. Since the isolation zone area (800 sq. m.) is 10% or less of the total area of inspected seed crop (8,000 sq. m.), therefore border removal is NOT required. L seed crop Contaminating pollen source a Creeping Red Fescue crop of a different variety seed crop Y isolation zone D or a Creeping Red Fescue crop planted with nonpedigreed seed W b) If the isolation zone area within 50 meters (164 feet) of the contaminating pollen source (WxY) is more than 10% of the total area of the inspected Certified crop (LxW), then border removal in lieu of isolation is required as prescribed in Section i.e. (WxY) is greater than 10% of (LxW). c) If the isolation zone area within 50 meters (164 feet) of the contaminating pollen source (WxY), is 10% or less of the total area of the inspected Certified crop (LxW), then border removal in lieu of isolation is NOT required and only 3 meters (10 ft.) isolation distance is required. i.e. (WxY) is 10% or less of (LxW). Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Grasses 6-6

59 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Weeds a) All crops for pedigree should be free of Prohibited and Primary noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards a) In a crop offered for Foundation status, the inspector makes 6 counts (100 square meters each) to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average count, of other varieties, types foreign to the variety or other crop kinds (the seeds of which are difficult to separate from the seeds of the inspected crop) must not exceed 0.1 percent of the plant population of the inspected crop (1 plant per 100 square meters). Variants may be specified by the responsible Breeder and are not considered impurities unless reported in excess of the acceptable level specified. b) In a crop offered for Registered or Certified status, the inspector makes 6 counts (10 square meters each) to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average count, of other varieties, types foreign to the variety or other crop kinds (the seeds of which are difficult to separate from the seeds of the inspected crop) must not exceed 1 percent of the plant population of the inspected crop (1 plant per 10 square meters). Variants may be specified by the responsible Breeder and are not considered impurities unless reported in excess of the acceptable level specified. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Grasses 6-7

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61 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 7 FOUNDATION, REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF ALFALFA, BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL, CLOVER, CROWN VETCH, MILKVETCH, PHACELIA AND SAINFOIN In this Section: Alfalfa crops of hybrid alfalfa varieties have additional requirements (refer to Section 14). Clover includes all types of clover, such as Alsike, Persian, Red (single cut and double cut), Sweet and White types. Phacelia includes crops of Phacelia tanacetifolia. Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations. 7.1 SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS Varieties will normally be multiplied only through Breeder, Foundation and Certified classes with one generation in each class unless otherwise specified by the Breeder and the official seed certification authority in the state or country of origin A Foundation seed crop is normally grown from planting Breeder seed A Registered seed crop is grown from planting Breeder or Foundation seed A Certified seed crop is grown from planting Breeder, Foundation or Registered seed Tags from the seed planted must be retained for the life of the stand and made available to the authorized seed crop inspector and/or the CSGA on request. 7.2 LAND REQUIREMENTS Crops should not be planted on land where volunteer growth from a previous crop may cause contamination Specific Crop Land Requirements The following applies except where chemical control measures acceptable to the CSGA have been taken to eradicate growth from a previous crop of the same crop kind. Table 7.2.2: Specific Crop Land Requirements Inspected Crop Foundation Registered Certified Must NOT be grown on land which: In the 5 years prior to seeding produced a non-pedigreed crop of the same crop kind or a crop of a different variety of the same crop kind. In the 3 years prior to seeding produced a pedigreed crop of the same variety. In the 3 years prior to seeding produced a crop of the same crop kind. In the 2 years prior to seeding produced a crop of the same crop kind. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Alfalfa, Birdsfoot Trefoil, Clover, Crown Vetch, Milkvetch, Phacelia and Sainfoin 7-1

62 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev No manure or other potential sources of contamination should be applied to the land prior to seeding or during the productive life of the stand The land should be free of plants of the same crop kind prior to seeding. 7.3 CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized crop inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status Crop inspection by an authorized crop inspector is required each year that a pedigreed seed crop is to be harvested Crop inspection shall be made when the crop is in bloom and before harvest. 7.4 AGE OF STAND The pedigreed class of the seed crop will vary by crop species, the number of classes designated by the Breeder or the authorized agent of the Breeder and the Age of Stand. (Refer to Table ) Additional limitations on Age of Stand through which a variety may be multiplied outside the region of adaptation may be specified by the Breeder or the authorized agent of the Breeder For most perennial crops there is a specified number of years during which pedigreed seed may be harvested from one planting Calculating Age of Stand a) If rejuvenation is used as a management practice, it will count as a year of production in calculating the Age of Stand. b) For calculating Age of Stand, the first seed crop is the first year in which a seed crop could normally be harvested, irrespective of time or method of planting. c) Each calendar year thereafter will be considered a seed crop year. For example: Alfalfa sown without a companion crop in the fall is normally considered capable of seed production the following year. Alfalfa seeded with pedigreed seed of Winter Wheat as a companion crop in the fall will be considered for the first year of seed production in the second year after planting. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Alfalfa, Birdsfoot Trefoil, Clover, Crown Vetch, Milkvetch, Phacelia and Sainfoin 7-2

63 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table 7.4.5: Effect of Age of Stand on Pedigreed Class of Forage Legume Seed Crops (Breeder, Foundation, Certified) When crop is established with: Breeder seed Foundation seed Inspected Crop No. of years for Foundation No. of years for Certified No. of years for Certified Alfalfa Birdsfoot Trefoil 4 + no limit* no limit* Clover Alsike Red double cut Red single cut Sweet White Phacelia Sainfoin Vetch Crown Milk *When stands have been established for 5 years, and at each 5 year interval thereafter, a 100 gram sample of the Birdsfoot Trefoil seed crop produced in that year must be submitted for a variety verification test. 7.5 CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) A crop offered for inspection must be isolated from any possible source of contaminating pollen in compliance with the minimum isolation distance requirements in Table b) The area, density and location of the contaminating source is an important factor in cross pollination, and therefore must be noted on the Report of Crop Inspection for consideration in determining pedigreed status. c) The required isolation must be provided prior to flowering and crop inspection. Table 7.5.2: Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Inspected Forage Legume Crops and Different Varieties or Non-pedigreed Crops of the Same Crop Kind Area of Inspected Crop Isolation distance required from a crop of a different variety or non-pedigreed crop of the same kind for production of: Foundation Registered Certified 5 acres or less 300 m (984 ft) 150 m (492 ft) 50 m (164 ft) More than 5 acres 200 m (656 ft) 100 m (328 ft) 50 m (164 ft) Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Alfalfa, Birdsfoot Trefoil, Clover, Crown Vetch, Milkvetch, Phacelia and Sainfoin 7-3

64 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table 7.5.3: Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Inspected Forage Legume Crops and Other Pedigreed Crops of the Same Variety and Other Crop Kinds Inspected Crop Alfalfa, Birdsfoot Trefoil, Clover, Phacelia, Sainfoin, Vetch Other Crops - Pedigreed crops of different classes of the same variety - Crop kinds with seeds that are difficult to separate Isolation Distance Required 3 meters (10 feet) Border Removal in Lieu of Isolation for Certified Crops of Alfalfa a) Isolation requirements for the Certified class are based on the size of the Certified crop and the percentage of the crop within 50 meters (164 feet) of another variety of Alfalfa. b) For a Certified crop, 50 meters (164 feet) is normally required from the edge of the seed field to the nearest contaminating pollen source. c) Contaminating sources of pollen include: a crop of a different variety of Alfalfa; a crop sown with commercial Alfalfa seed; or a crop of Alfalfa where the seed sown cannot be verified as being pedigreed seed. d) If the distance provided is less than 50 meters (164 feet) then the area of the seed crop to be discarded is determined by the procedure outlined in Chart (next page) Procedure for Determining Area of Alfalfa Seed Crop to be Discarded Weeds a) All crops for pedigree should be free of Prohibited and Primary noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards a) In a crop offered for Foundation status, the inspector makes 6 counts (100 square meters each) to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average count, of other varieties, types foreign to the variety or other crop kinds (the seeds of which are difficult to separate from the seeds of the crop inspected) must not exceed 0.1 percent of the plant population of the inspected crop (1 plant per 100 square meters). Variants may be specified by the responsible Breeder and are not considered impurities unless reported in excess of the acceptable level specified. b) In a crop offered for Registered or Certified status, the inspector makes 6 counts (10 square meters each) to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average count, of other varieties, types foreign to the variety or other crop kinds (the seeds of which are difficult to separate from the seeds of the crop inspected) must not exceed 1 percent of the plant population of the inspected crop (1 plant per 10 square meters). Variants may be specified by the responsible Breeder and are not considered impurities unless reported in excess of the acceptable level specified. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Alfalfa, Birdsfoot Trefoil, Clover, Crown Vetch, Milkvetch, Phacelia and Sainfoin 7-4

65 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Chart 7.5.4: PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING AREA OF ALFALFA SEED CROP TO BE DISCARDED L = length of seed field W = width of seed field Y = 50 meters minus D L x W = total area of seed field D = Distance W x Y = zone which may not be eligible for pedigree Example: If L = 200 meters; W = 40 meters; D = 30 meters and Y = (50-D) = 20 meters. Calculation of ineligible area: W x Y (40 x 20) = 800; W x L = (40 x 200) = 8,000 L Seed Field Contaminating source of pollen: - a crop of a different variety of alfalfa Y Portion of crop eligible Portion of W for crop NOT Certified eligible for seed crop pedigreed seed D or - a crop sown with commercial alfalfa seed or - a crop of alfalfa where the seed sown cannot be verified as being pedigreed seed If 10% or less of the Certified field is within the 50 meters (164 ft.) isolation zone (WxY), 3 meters (10 ft.) of isolation is required. If more than 10% of the field is within the isolation zone (WxY), that part of the field must not be harvested as Certified seed. The isolation zone is that area calculated by multiplying the length (L) of the seed field by the average width (W) of the seed field falling within the 50 meters (164 ft) isolation distance requirements, then a clear line of demarcation shall be established between the Certified and non-certified portion of the field. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Alfalfa, Birdsfoot Trefoil, Clover, Crown Vetch, Milkvetch, Phacelia and Sainfoin 7-5

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67 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 8 FOUNDATION AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF HYBRID FIELD CORN Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations. 8.1 SEED CLASSES, TYPES, AND GENERATIONS Classes: Breeder, Foundation, and Certified Types a) Inbred Line: a relatively true breeding strain resulting from at least five successive generations of controlled self fertilization or of back crossing to an inbred recurrent parent with selection or its equivalent. b) Single-Cross Hybrid: the first generation of a cross between 2 specified inbred lines. c) Foundation Single Cross: a single cross used in the production of a double-cross, a three-way cross or a top cross. d) Double-Cross Hybrid: the first generation of a cross between 2 single-cross hybrids. e) Three-Way Cross Hybrid: the first generation of a cross between an inbred line and a single-cross hybrid. f) Top-Cross Hybrid: the first generation of a cross between an inbred line and an open pollinated variety. g) Varietal-Cross Hybrid: the first generation of a cross between recognized stocks of 2 open pollinated varieties. h) Open Pollinated: seed produced as a result of natural pollination as opposed to hybrid seed produced as a result of controlled pollination Generations a) Inbred: no generation limit for Breeder or Foundation classes. b) Hybrid: the crop produced as described in Sections b), d), e), f) and g), and granted Certified class. 8.2 SEED REQUIREMENTS Breeder or Foundation seed must be planted to produce Certified crops The direction of the cross of Corn hybrids must remain unchanged throughout the life of the hybrid variety. Foundation and Certified Production of Hybrid Field Corn 8-1

68 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev LAND REQUIREMENTS Crops should not be planted on land where volunteer growth from a previous crop may cause contamination There are no requirements as to previous land use, except the Corn after Corn inspection requirements in Section CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status All fields must be inspected 3 times by an authorized inspector when the silks of the seed (female) parent are receptive The entire field must be inspected, but a portion or all of a field may be approved for certification provided corrections for improper isolations are made by either: a) discarding or detasselling the necessary amount of contaminating Corn before its pollen is shed; or b) discarding before harvest the female parent plants which are improperly isolated from contaminating Corn, and having the discard verified by inspection prior to harvesting the portion of the crop eligible for pedigree When Corn is planted on land that produced a Corn crop in the previous or current year, an inspection must be made to determine freedom of the seed crop from plants which have volunteered from the previous crop The removal of interplanted male rows should be done within a reasonable time after pollination to allow for inspection prior to harvest. 8.5 CROP STANDARDS Minimum Isolation Distances Required a) Table indicates the relationship of the size of field, distance from contaminating pollen source and the required number of border rows in order to provide isolation for the hybrid seed crop s (female) parent plants. Foundation and Certified Production of Hybrid Field Corn 8-2

69 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table 8.5.1: Minimum Isolation Distances Required for Pedigreed Hybrid Corn Distance separating seed crop (female) parent row from contaminating corn Number of pollen (male parent) Border Rows to be provided is: Total acres of field unit for seed crop inspection Less than 20 acres 20 acres or more Less than 90 ft (27.5 m) ft (27.5 m) ft (45.7 m) ft (64.0 m) ft (82.3 m) ft (100.6 m) ft (125.0 m) ft (149.4 m) ft (173.7 m) ft (201.2 m) Minimum of 60 ft (18.3 m) including border rows. 2 Minimum of 40 ft (12.2 m) including border rows. 3 means greater than or equal to b) The concept of adjacent fields is considered to be more satisfactory than small separated fields, even with full isolation. Adjacent seed fields using the same pollen (male) parent may be considered as one crop for isolation purposes and the combined area of adjacent seed fields may be used to determine the required border rows. c) A farm lane, or similar gap, must exceed 10 meters (33 feet) to be considered as dividing a field for isolation purposes. d) To accommodate a public road, railroad, etc., a vacant strip not more than 20 meters (66 feet) wide is acceptable between the required border rows, provided there are at least 4 border rows within the seed field and the remaining border rows are outside the vacant strip. e) A vacant turning strip not more than 10 meters (33 feet) wide across the end of the rows between the seed (female) parent and the required border rows in the same field is acceptable. f) Different pollination dates are permitted for modifying isolation distances provided there are no receptive silks in the seed (female) parent at the same time pollen is being shed by the contaminating corn. g) In the production of Foundation Inbred Lines or Foundation Single-Crosses, an isolation of 200 meters (656 feet) is required from other contaminating corn that is shedding pollen at the same time as the inspected pedigreed seed crop. Foundation and Certified Production of Hybrid Field Corn 8-3

70 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Border Rows a) Border rows must be planted with the same seed as the pollen (male) parent rows. b) Border rows must be planted on land managed by the producer. c) Border rows must shed pollen simultaneously with the pollen (male) parent and silk emergence of the seed (female) parent. d) Spacing between border rows shall not be less than 40 cm (15 inches) in width. e) Plant density of border rows on a per acre basis shall not be less than 80% of that of the pollen (male) parent in the seed field. f) Border rows are not required when the seed (female) parent is more than 200 meters (656 feet) from the contaminating corn Maximum Impurity Standards a) Volunteer plants must not exceed 1 plant in 2,000 plants in the seed crop immediately prior to detasselling or the commencement of the pollination period. b) A crop may not be eligible for pedigreed status if more than 1 plant in 1,000 (0.1%) obvious off-type plants in the pollen (male) parent have shed pollen. Variants may be specified by the responsible Breeder and are not considered impurities unless reported in excess of the acceptable level specified. c) A crop may not be eligible for pedigreed status if more than 1 plant in 1,000 (0.1%) obvious off-type plants are found in the seed (female) parent at the time of last inspection. Variants may be specified by the responsible Breeder and are not considered impurities unless reported in excess of the acceptable level specified Detasselling a) When 5% or more seed (female) parent plants have receptive silks, a crop may not be eligible for pedigreed status if on any one inspection more than 1% of the seed (female) parent plants possess tassels which have shed or are shedding pollen, or if the total for three inspections on different dates exceeds 2%. b) When 5% or more seed (female) parent plants have receptive silks, sucker tassels and/or portions of tassels on the main plants will be counted as shedding pollen when 5 cm (2 inches) or more of the central stem and/or the side branches have their anthers extended from their glumes and are shedding pollen Male Sterile (Female) Parent a) A male sterile seed (female) parent can be used to produce Certified hybrid corn seed by either of two methods: (i) by blending seed produced by the sterile seed (female) parent with seed produced by the fertile seed (female) parent, where the ratio of male sterile (female) parent seed shall not exceed 2 to 1; or (ii) by using a pollen (male) parent which contains a specific restorer line or lines so that not fewer than one-third of the plants grown from the resulting hybrid will produce pollen which appears normal in all respects. Foundation and Certified Production of Hybrid Field Corn 8-4

71 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 9 FOUNDATION, REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF OPEN POLLINATED CORN Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations. 9.1 SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS Breeder: under the control of the Breeder Foundation: limited to one generation Registered: limited to one generation Certified: limited to one generation. 9.2 SEED REQUIREMENTS Breeder seed must be used to establish all Foundation corn crops Breeder, Foundation or Registered seed must be used to establish all Certified corn crops. 9.3 LAND REQUIREMENTS There are no requirements as to previous crop, except the Corn after Corn inspection requirements in Section CROP INSPECTION REQUIREMENTS The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status A field inspection must be made at the time the silks are receptive to determine whether isolation has been provided in accordance with the regulations and whether there are any detectable off-type plants A crop or a portion of a crop may be eligible for pedigreed status but the rejected parts of the crop must be removed, and confirmed by an authorized seed crop inspector. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Open Pollinated Corn 9-1

72 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev When corn is planted following a corn crop in either the previous or current year, an inspection must be made to determine freedom of the seed crop from plants which have volunteered from the previous crop. 9.5 CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Open pollinated corn must be isolated by a minimum of 200 meters (656 feet) from any contaminating corn. This isolation distance may be modified by designating certain rows of the same variety for pollen-shedding purposes only. b) The minimum isolation and border requirements appearing for Hybrid Field Corn production, in Table 8.5.1, shall apply to open-pollinated corn crops. c) Rows that function to provide isolation shall not be harvested for pedigreed seed and their removal shall be confirmed by an authorized seed crop inspector. d) Three meters (10 feet) isolation is required between different pedigreed classes of the same variety Maximum Impurity Standards a) There shall not be more than 1/20 of 1 per cent (0.05% or 1 plant in 2,000) detectable admixture with plants of other varieties or off-type plants in the variety being inspected. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Open Pollinated Corn 9-2

73 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 10 REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP In this Section: Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) includes varieties of these kinds: Dioecious type: with male and female flowers on separate plants. Monoecious type: with male and female flowers on the same plant. (Unisexual Female) Hybrids: with sterile male and fertile female flowers on the same plant. Approved Cultivar means any variety designated in Health Canada s List of Approved Cultivars. THC means delta-nine (Δ9) tetrahydrocannabinol, which is the component of Industrial Hemp regulated by Health Canada. Although traditionally a crop with a Dioecious plant type similar to open pollinated corn, many Monoecious varieties of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) have been developed. Hemp is sexually polymorphic and often produces many different ratios of intersexual plant types that can increase roguing requirements. Variety descriptions normally define these ratios. All production of Industrial Hemp crops in Canada is subject to license application approval by Health Canada. Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS Breeder or Pre-Basic seed: determined by Breeder Foundation seed: one generation, grown by accredited Foundation plot growers. (Refer to Section 11.) Registered seed: one generation Certified seed: one generation Only varieties of Industrial Hemp approved by Health Canada are eligible for certification LAND REQUIREMENTS Crops should not be planted on land where volunteer growth from a previous crop may cause contamination Crops for Registered status must not be grown on land which in the preceding 5 years produced a crop of Industrial Hemp or Tobacco Crops for Certified status must not be grown on land which in the preceding 3 years produced a crop of Industrial Hemp or Tobacco. Registered and Certified Production of Industrial Hemp 10-1

74 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector at least twice prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status First inspection must be made before female (pistillate) flowers of the inspected crop are receptive and after the formation of male (staminate) flowers, preferably before pollen is shed Second inspection must be made during the receptive stage of female plants in the inspected crop, normally within 3 weeks after first inspection Third inspections must be made when off-type female flowers can be identified Isolation areas will be inspected for volunteer Industrial Hemp plants and harmful contaminants on each inspection visit CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Isolation areas must be kept free of Industrial Hemp plants. Under optimum conditions, not more than 3 plants per square meter of harmful contaminants (species that can cross pollinate with the inspected crop) are permitted within the required isolation distance(s) adjacent to the inspected crop. The conditions of each crop are assessed by the CSGA which may alter this standard, usually by reducing the number of contaminant plants permitted per square meter, according to the contamination risks involved. b) Harmful contamination within the required isolation distance, depending on density, location and distance from the inspected crop, may be cause for declining pedigreed status. Harmful contaminants include the species identified for reproductive isolation by the Plant Biosafety Office of the CFIA, in their confined field trial conditions for Plants with Novel Traits, and by Health Canada. For more information, refer to the CFIA website at or to Health Canada at c) The required isolation must be provided prior to flowering and crop inspection. Registered and Certified Production of Industrial Hemp 10-2

75 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table : Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Inspected Industrial Hemp Crops and Other Crops Inspected Crop Dioecious type Registered Dioecious type Certified Monoecious type and Hybrids Registered Monoecious type and Hybrids Certified Other Crops Isolation Distance Required - Different varieties of Industrial Hemp - Non-pedigreed crop of same kind 5000 meters (16,150 feet) - Lower pedigreed class seed crop of same variety 2000 meters (6460 feet) - Same pedigreed seed of same variety 1 meter (3.32 feet) - Different varieties of Industrial Hemp 1000 meters - Non-pedigreed crop of same kind (3230 feet) - Lower pedigreed class seed crop of same variety 200 meters (646 feet) - Same pedigreed seed of same variety 1 meter (3.32 feet) - Dioecious variety of Industrial Hemp 5000 meters - Non-pedigreed crop of same kind (16,150 feet) - Different varieties of the same type of Industrial 2000 meters Hemp (Monoecious or Female Hybrid) (6460 feet) - Lower pedigreed class seed crop of same variety 1000 meters (3230 feet) - Same pedigreed class of seed of same variety 1 meter (3.23 feet) - Dioecious variety of Industrial Hemp 1000 meters - Non-pedigreed crop of same kind (3230 feet) - Different varieties of the same type of Industrial 200 meters Hemp (Monoecious or Female Hybrid) (646 feet) - Lower pedigreed class seed crop of same variety - Same pedigreed class of seed of same variety 1 meter (3.23 feet) Weeds a) All pedigree seed crops should be free of Prohibited and Primary noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status. c) The presence of Broomrape (Orobanche spp.) in Industrial Hemp crops is cause for declining pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards a) Impurities should be removed prior to crop inspection. b) Any combination of impurities may be reason for declining pedigreed status. c) An Industrial Hemp crop for pedigreed status, unless otherwise specified by the Breeder, must be practically free from harmful contaminants (species that can cross pollinate with the inspected crop), plants of other varieties or distinct types foreign to the variety being inspected, weeds or other crops with seeds that are difficult to separate from Industrial Hemp seed (e.g. Hemp Nettle). d) Table indicates the maximum number of impurities permitted by the CSGA in approximately 10,000 plants of the inspected crop. The inspector makes at least 6 counts (10,000 plants each) or the equivalent to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average of these counts must not exceed the maximum impurity standards in Table Registered and Certified Production of Industrial Hemp 10-3

76 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Inspected Crop Maximum Impurity Standards per 10,000 plants in Registered and Certified Industrial Hemp Seed Crops Maximum Number of Maximum Number of Too Male Dioecious Male Plants Monoecious Plants Shedding Pollen Maximum Number of Other Impurities Dioecious type Registered and Certified 10 Monoecious type Registered Monoecious type and Hybrids Certified Roguing a) All male flowers rogued from the crop should be removed from the field and burial is recommended. b) Regrowth of rogued male flowers or plants must be prevented SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS It is recommended that not more than one variety of Industrial Hemp be grown under the management of one grower Growers are required by Health Canada to obtain THC test results, from a recognized laboratory, verifying that the THC content of their Industrial Hemp crop complies with Health Canada regulations. Growers may be required to submit these results to the CSGA before a crop certificate is issued. Registered and Certified Production of Industrial Hemp 10-4

77 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table 10.6: Summary of Seed Crop Inspection Standards for Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in Canada All Types Registered Certified Minimum Size of Field (acres) (Health Canada requirement) Maximum Size of Field (acres) Previous Land Use: minimum number of years without hemp or tobacco 5 3 production Maximum Impurity Standards: Maximum number of Monoecious too male off-type plants shedding pollen during inspection (#/10,000 plants) (10.0%) Maximum number of Dioecious male plants** shedding pollen 2 (0.02 %) 100 (1.0 %) during inspection (#/10,000 plants) Maximum other impurity tolerances (#/10,000 plants) 10 (0.1 %) 10 (0.1 %) Dioecious Type Number of Inspections 2 2 Minimum Isolation Distance (meters): from Other Varieties and non-pedigreed hemp crops from other pedigreed classes, same variety from same pedigreed class, same variety 1 1 Monoecious Type and (Unisexual Female) Hybrids Number of Inspections 3 2 Minimum Isolation Distance (meters): from Dioecious varieties and non-pedigreed Hemp crops from other Monoecious varieties from lower pedigreed classes, same variety from same pedigreed class, same variety 1 1 ** If Dioecious male plants start flowering before removal from field, all plants around them should be destroyed for a radius of 3 meters for Foundation and 2 meters for Registered seed crops. Registered and Certified Production of Industrial Hemp 10-5

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79 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 11 PROBATION AND FOUNDATION PLOT PRODUCTION OF INDUSTRIAL HEMP In this Section: Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) varieties of these kinds: Dioecious type: with male and female flowers on separate plants. Monoecious type: with male and female flowers on the same plant. (Unisexual Female) Hybrids: with sterile male and fertile female flowers on the same plant. Approved Cultivars means any variety designated in Health Canada s List of Approved Cultivars. THC means delta-nine (Δ9) tetrahydrocannabinol, which is the component of industrial hemp regulated by Health Canada. Although traditionally a crop with a Dioecious plant type similar to open pollinated corn, many Monoecious varieties of hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) have been developed. Hemp is sexually polymorphic and often produces many different ratios of intersexual plant types that can increase roguing requirements. Variety descriptions normally define these ratios. All production of Industrial Hemp crops in Canada is subject to license application approval by Health Canada. Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS Breeder or Pre-Basic seed: determined by the Breeder Foundation seed: one generation, grown by accredited Foundation plot growers Registered seed: one generation (refer to Section 10) Certified seed: one generation (refer to Section 10) Only varieties of Industrial Hemp approved by Health Canada are eligible for certification For growers not accredited by CSGA to grow Foundation plots and who plant crops with Breeder or Pre-Basic seed, the CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the inspected crop and may issue a Registered or Certified crop certificate. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Industrial Hemp 11-1

80 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev PROBATION PLOT PRODUCTION An individual grower wishing to produce a Foundation plot must receive permission from the CSGA before commencing Probation plot production An Application to Commence Probation Plot Production (CSGA Form 154, Appendix A.6), must be submitted to the CSGA The grower may be required to have grown Certified seed crops of the crop kind in which the grower is commencing Probation An individual seed grower must complete 3 successful years of Probation plot production in order to be granted Foundation plot grower status. a) This status is granted to an individual seed grower only. b) This status cannot be acquired through an affiliation with another seed grower or transferred to or from other Foundation plot growers Breeder or Pre-Basic seed of varieties approved by Health Canada must be sown each year The status granted to plots grown during the Probation period is as follows: a) First Year: provided all requirements are met, the First Year plot will be granted Foundation status. Breeder or Pre-Basic seed must be obtained for the Second Year plot. b) Second Year: provided all requirements are met, the Second Year plot will be granted Foundation status. Breeder or Pre-Basic seed must be obtained for the Third Year plot. c) Third Year: provided all requirements are met, the Third Year plot will be granted Foundation status. The grower is then granted Foundation plot grower status and is then eligible to grow Foundation plots of Industrial Hemp Any means of processing or conditioning of seed from a Probation plot which may contaminate the varietal purity of the seed is prohibited A Report of Plot Production (Form 50) for each Probation plot will be sent to the grower and must be completed and submitted to the CSGA A sample of clean seed from each Probation plot must be submitted for variety verification. The sample must be representative of the seed harvested from the plot Area of Probation Plot a) The area of the Foundation plot during the 3-year Probation period must not be less than 0.4 hectare (1.0 acre) nor exceed 0.5 hectare (1.25 acres). Health Canada regulations require a minimum plot size of 0.4 hectare (1.0 acre). b) When unforeseen circumstances do not permit proper maintenance of the entire plot, it is recommended that the area be reduced by destroying part of the plot or by isolating a part to meet the requirements of a lower status of pedigreed crop. The remainder must meet the requirements for Probation plot production. Health Canada regulations require a minimum plot size of 0.4 hectare (1.0 acre). Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Industrial Hemp 11-2

81 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev c) The total area of a Probation plot includes the walkways provided within the plot to facilitate effective roguing. d) In each year of Probation, a Probation grower may only produce one (1) Probation plot FOUNDATION PLOT PRODUCTION An individual seed grower must complete 3 successful years of Probation plot production in order to be granted Foundation plot grower status. a) This status is granted to an individual seed grower only. b) This status cannot be acquired through an affiliation with another seed grower or transferred to or from other Foundation plot growers Plots for Foundation status must be planted with Breeder or Pre-Basic seed of Approved Cultivars approved by the CSGA Any means of processing or conditioning of seed from a Foundation plot which may contaminate the varietal purity of the seed is prohibited A Report of Plot Production (Form 50) for each Foundation plot will be sent to the grower and must be completed and submitted to the CSGA A sample of clean seed from each Foundation plot must be submitted for variety verification. The sample must be representative of the seed harvested from the plot Area of Foundation Plots a) The area of a Foundation plot of one variety must not be less than 0.4 hectare (1.0 acre) nor exceed 1 hectare (2.5 acres). b) When unforeseen circumstances do not permit proper maintenance of the entire plot, it is recommended that the area be reduced by destroying part of the plot or by isolating a part to meet the requirements of a lower status of Pedigreed seed. The remainder of the plot must meet the requirements for Foundation plot production. Health Canada regulations require a minimum plot size of 0.4 hectare (1.0 acre). c) The area of a Foundation plot includes the walkways provided within the plot to facilitate effective roguing LAND REQUIREMENTS Crops should not be planted on land where volunteer growth from a previous crop may cause contamination Plots for Foundation status of Industrial Hemp must not be planted on land which in the previous 5 years grew a crop of Industrial Hemp or Tobacco. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Industrial Hemp 11-3

82 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that plots are inspected by an authorized inspector at least twice prior to swathing or harvesting A plot that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The plot must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status First inspection must be made before female (pistillate) flowers of the inspected crop are receptive and after the formation of male (staminate) flowers, preferably before pollen is shed Second inspection must be made during the receptive stage of the female plants in the inspected plot, normally within 3 weeks of first inspection Third inspections must be made when off-type female flowers can be identified Isolation areas will be inspected for volunteer Industrial Hemp plants and harmful contaminants on each inspection visit CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Isolation areas must be kept free of Industrial Hemp plants. Under optimum conditions, not more than 3 plants per square meter of harmful contaminants (species that can cross pollinate with the inspected crop) are permitted within the required isolation distance(s) adjacent to the inspected crop. The conditions of each crop are assessed by the CSGA which may alter this standard, usually by reducing the number of contaminant plants permitted per square meter, according to the contamination risks involved. b) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Industrial Hemp 11-4

83 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table : Plot Crop Dioecious type Monoecious type or Hybrid Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Inspected Industrial Hemp Plots and Other Crops Other Crops Isolation Distance Required 5000 meters (16,150 feet) - Different varieties of Industrial Hemp - Non-pedigreed crop of same kind - Lower pedigreed class seed crop of same 2000 meters (6460 feet) variety - Breeder or Pre-Basic plot of same variety 5 meters (16 feet) - Dioecious variety of Industrial Hemp 5000 meters (16,150 feet) - Non-pedigreed crop of same kind - Other Monoecious varieties 3000 meters (9690 feet) - Lower pedigreed class seed crop of same variety - Breeder or Pre-Basic plot of same variety 5 meters (16 feet) Weeds a) All pedigreed seed crops should be free of Prohibited and Primary noxious weeds. b) The presence of Broomrape (Orobanche spp.) in an Industrial Hemp plot may be cause for declining pedigreed status. c) Very weedy plots may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards a) Impurities should be removed prior to crop inspection. b) Any combination of impurities may be reason for declining pedigreed status. c) An Industrial Hemp plot for Foundation status, unless otherwise specified by the Breeder, must be practically free from harmful contaminants (species that can cross pollinate with the inspected crop), plants of other varieties or distinct types foreign to the variety being inspected, weeds or other crops with seeds that are difficult to separate from Industrial Hemp seed (e.g. Hemp Nettle). d) Table indicates the maximum number of impurities permitted by the CSGA in approximately 10,000 plants of the inspected crop. The inspector makes at least 6 counts (10,000 plants each) or the equivalent to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average of these counts must not exceed the maximum impurity standards in Table Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Industrial Hemp 11-5

84 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Maximum Impurity Standards per 10,000 plants in Foundation Industrial Hemp Seed Plots Plot Crop Maximum Number of Too Male Monoecious Plants Maximum Number of Dioecious Male Plants Shedding Pollen Maximum Number of Other Impurities Dioecious type 3 Monoecious type RECOMMENDED PRODUCTION PROCEDURES FOR PLOTS Planting of Plots a) Plots should be planted to facilitate inspection, roguing and harvesting. b) Plots should be planted in areas easily accessible for frequent maintenance and to provide the maximum protection from outside sources of contamination, such as roadways and building sites. c) Regulations for land requirements are minimum standards and caution is necessary in choosing land, as volunteer growth from previous crops may vary according to local conditions. d) The regulations for isolation are minimum standards. It is always to the grower s advantage to provide more isolation than required. When planting Probation and Foundation plots, specific requirements may influence the location and size of the plot. It is a safeguard if adjacent crops are the same variety as the plot and are inspected for pedigreed status Roguing of Probation and Foundation Plots a) The plot must be thoroughly and intensively rogued many times throughout the crop season. b) Off-type male flowers must be removed before the receptive stage of female flowers in the inspected crop. c) The numbers and kinds of plants removed should be recorded and described on the Report of Plot Production (CSGA Form 50). d) All male flowers rogued from the crop must be removed from the plot area and burial is recommended. e) Regrowth of rogued flowers or plants must be prevented Harvesting, Cleaning and Storing of Probation and Foundation Plot Seed a) A Probation or Foundation plot grower should have access to the necessary equipment for harvesting and cleaning the seed from the plot in such a manner as to ensure that the varietal purity of the seed is maintained. b) The seed should be stored, in compliance with Health Canada regulations, in a clean, cool, dry area. c) The seed containers should be labelled for identification. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Industrial Hemp 11-6

85 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Probation and Foundation Plot Grower Courses a) Probation and Foundation plot growers are encouraged to attend courses on plot production organized by the CSGA SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS It is recommended that not more than one variety of Industrial Hemp be grown under the management of one grower Growers are required by Health Canada to obtain THC test results, from a recognized laboratory, verifying that the THC content of their Industrial Hemp crop complies with Health Canada regulations. Growers may be required to submit these results to the CSGA before a crop certificate is issued. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Industrial Hemp 11-7

86 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table 11.9: Summary of Seed Crop Inspection Standards for Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in Canada All Types Foundation Registered Certified Minimum Size of Field (acres) (Health Canada requirement) Maximum Size of Field (acres) Previous Land Use: minimum number of years without hemp or tobacco production Maximum Impurity Standards: Maximum number of Monoecious too male offtype plants shedding pollen during inspection (#/10,000 plants) (5.0 %) (10.0%) Maximum number of Dioecious male plants** shedding pollen during inspection (#/10,000 plants) 1 (0.01 %) 2 (0.02 %) 100 (1.0 %) Maximum other impurity tolerances (#/10,000 plants) 3 (0.03 %) 10 (0.1 %) 10 (0.1 %) Dioecious Type Number of Inspections At least Minimum Isolation Distance (meters): from Other Varieties and non-pedigreed hemp crops from other pedigreed classes, same variety from same pedigreed class, same variety Monoecious Type and (Unisexual Female) Hybrids Number of Inspections At least Minimum Isolation Distance (meters): from Dioecious varieties and non-pedigreed Hemp crops from other Monoecious varieties from lower pedigreed classes, same variety from same pedigreed class, same variety ** If Dioecious male plants start flowering before removal from field, all plants around them should be destroyed for a radius of 3 meters for Foundation and 2 meters for Registered seed crops. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Industrial Hemp 11-8

87 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 12 PROBATION AND SELECT PLOT PRODUCTION OF SEED CROPS: BARLEY, BEAN, BUCKWHEAT, CANARYSEED, DURUM, FABABEAN, FLAX, LENTIL, LUPIN, OAT, PEA, RYE, SOYBEAN, TRITICALE, AND WHEAT In this section: Barley includes spring and winter Barley. Bean includes field, garden, white, coloured, navy or dry edible type Bean. Oat includes covered and naked Oat. Pea includes Chickpea. Rye includes spring and fall (winter) Rye. Triticale includes spring and winter Triticale. Wheat includes spring and winter Wheat, Einkorn, Emmer and Spelt (unless otherwise specified). Durum is not included. This Section also includes the requirements for Probation and Select Plot production of other crop kinds. Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS Breeder seed: determined by the Breeder Select seed: five generations, unless otherwise specified by the Breeder; except Field Beans, which are limited to one generation. Select seed is grown by accredited plot growers Foundation seed: one generation (refer to Sections 2 and 3) Registered seed: one generation, unless otherwise specified by the Breeder (refer to Sections 2 and 3) Certified seed: one generation (refer to Sections 2 and 3) For growers not accredited to grow Probation or Select plots and who plant crops with Breeder seed, the CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the inspected crop and may issue a Registered or Certified crop certificate PROBATION PLOT PRODUCTION A grower wishing to produce a Select plot must receive permission from the CSGA and meet the requirements of the CSGA before commencing Probation plot production An Application to Commence Probation Plot Production (Form 154) is available from the CSGA and should be submitted prior to March 31 for spring seeded crops and prior to July 31 for fall seeded crops. Refer to Appendix A.6. Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-1

88 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev The grower may be required to have grown pedigreed seed crops of the crop kind in which the grower is commencing Probation, in at least 3 of the previous 5 crop seasons An individual seed grower must complete 3 successful years of Probation plot production in order to be granted Select plot grower status. a) This status is granted to an individual seed grower only. b) This status cannot be acquired through an affiliation with another seed grower or transferred to or from other Select plot growers Plots for First Year Probation status must be planted with Breeder seed. Select seed may be planted with the prior approval of the CSGA Breeder seed is obtained directly from the organization responsible for the variety. (Check with distributor for deadline dates) Probationary growers may change varieties within the crop kind which they started their probation without receiving prior permission from the CSGA The status granted to plots produced during the probation is as follows (refer to Chart , next page): a) First Year: provided all requirements are met, the First Year plot will be granted Foundation status. Sufficient seed is selected from this plot to plant the Second Year Probation plot and the balance of this seed may be used to produce Registered seed or Certified seed. b) Second Year: provided all requirements are met, the Second Year plot will be granted Foundation status. Sufficient seed is selected from this plot to plant the Third Year Probation plot and the balance of this seed may be used to produced Registered seed or Certified seed. c) Third Year: provided all requirements are met, the Third Year plot will be granted Select status and the seed may be used for further Select or Foundation production. The grower is now eligible to produce Select and Foundation plots Any means of processing or conditioning of seed from a Probation plot which may contaminate the varietal purity of the seed is prohibited A Report of Plot Production (Form 50) for each Probation plot will be sent to the grower and must be completed and submitted to the CSGA A sample of clean seed from each Probation plot must be submitted for variety verification. The sample must be representative of the seed harvested from the plot Probation plot growers must obtain new Breeder or Select seed if the plot is declined pedigreed status Probation plot growers may produce only 1 plot in each year of Probation. Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-2

89 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Chart BREEDER SEED Can be used to produce Registered or Certified crops First Probation Plot FOUNDATION CERTIFICATE 0.25 hectares to 0.50 hectares (0.50 acres to 1.25 acres) 1 st Multiplication Generation* Plot Seed Can be used to produce Registered or Certified crops Second Probation Plot FOUNDATION CERTIFICATE 0.25 hectares to 0.50 hectares (0.50 acres to 1.25 acres) 2 nd Multiplication Generation* A Sample from each plot is required for variety verification. A plot production report, CSGA Form 50, is also required. Plot Seed * Multiplication Generation from Breeder Seed Can be used to produce Select, Foundation, Registered, or Certified crops Third Probation Plot SELECT CERTIFICATE 0.25 hectares to 0.50 hectares (0.50 acres to 1.25 acres) 3 rd Multiplication Generation* Area of Probation Plot a) The total area of a Probation plot must not exceed 0.5 hectare (1.25 acres) or be less than 0.25 hectare (0.5 acre). b) When unforeseen circumstances do not permit proper maintenance of the entire plot, it is recommended that the area be reduced by destroying part of the plot or by isolating a part to meet the requirements of a lower status of pedigreed seed. The remainder must meet the requirements for Probation plot production. c) The total area of a Probation plot includes walkways provided within the plot to facilitate effective roguing Probation plots in this section are subject to all Select plot production requirements SELECT PLOT PRODUCTION An individual seed grower must complete 3 successful years of Probation plot production in order to be granted Select plot grower status. a) This status is granted to an individual seed grower only. b) This status cannot be acquired through an affiliation with another seed grower or transferred to or from other Select plot growers. Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-3

90 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Plots for Select status must be planted with Breeder seed or Select seed Select seed obtained from another Select seed grower may not be used for the production of a Select or Probation plot unless transferred in compliance with CSGA requirements Normally 5 generations of Select plot production from Breeder seed are allowed. Field Beans are limited to one generation Information on the number of generations permitted in the Select class is available from the CSGA Select and Probation Bean plots must be planted with Breeder seed unless otherwise specified by the Breeder, to reduce the risk of seedborne disease transmission Breeder seed is obtained directly from the organization responsible for distribution of the variety. (Check with distributor for application deadline dates) Any means of processing or conditioning of seed from a Select plot which may contaminate the varietal purity of the seed is prohibited A Report of Plot Production (Form 50) for each Select plot will be sent to the grower and must be completed and submitted to the CSGA A sample of clean seed from each Select plot must be submitted for variety verification. The sample must be representative of the seed harvested from the plot A Select seed grower must obtain new Breeder seed or Select seed if the plot is declined for any reason other than excess acreage Area of Select Plots a) There is no limit on total acreage of plots, number of crop kinds, number of varieties or acreage of one variety. Each plot is limited to 1 hectare (2.5 acres) in size. b) When unforeseen circumstances do not permit proper maintenance of the entire plot, it is recommended that the area be reduced by destroying part of the plot or by isolating a part to meet the requirements of a lower status of pedigreed seed. The remainder of the plot must meet the requirements for Select plot production. c) The area of a Select plot includes walkways provided within the plot to facilitate effective roguing LAND REQUIREMENTS Crops should not be planted on land where volunteer growth from a previous crop may cause contamination Plots may be grown, for example, on land which in the required previous years was effectively summerfallowed or produced perennial forage crops. Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-4

91 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Previous Land Use a) The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section Note that land use inspections are not used for subsequent production of Select, Probation or Foundation Plots because the land use inspections are considered non-pedigreed crops. In addition to the basic standards, the following apply to crops in this section: Table : Specific Crop Land Requirements Select Plot Crop Barley (Spring and Winter) Bean Buckwheat Canaryseed Durum Land Requirements Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a Foundation, Registered or Certified crop of Barley; In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale, or Wheat; - a crop of a different variety of Barley; - a Certified crop of Barley. Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed Bean crop; - a crop of a different variety of Bean; - a Foundation, Registered or Certified crop of Beans. Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a Foundation, Registered or Certified crop of Buckwheat; In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Buckwheat; - a crop of a different variety of Buckwheat; - a Certified crop of Buckwheat. Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a Foundation, Registered or Certified crop of Canaryseed; In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Canaryseed or Flax; - a Certified crop of Canaryseed. Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a Foundation, Registered or Certified crop of Durum. In either of the 2 preceding years produced: - a crop of Spring Wheat; - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Winter Wheat, Oat, Rye, or Triticale; - a crop of a different variety of Durum; - a Certified crop of Durum. Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-5

92 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Specific Crop Land Requirements Select Plot Crop Fababean Flax Lentil Lupin Oat Pea Rye (Spring and Winter) Soybean Land Requirements Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed Fababean crop; - a crop of a different variety of Fababean; - a Foundation, Registered or Certified crop of Fababeans. Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a Foundation, Registered or Certified crop of Flax; In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Canaryseed or Flax; - a crop of a different variety of Flax; - a Certified crop of Flax. Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced a Lentil crop. Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced a Lupin crop. Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a Foundation, Registered or Certified crop of Oat; In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale or Wheat; - a crop of a different variety of Oat; - a Certified crop of Oat. Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced a Pea crop. Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a Foundation, Registered or Certified crop of Rye; In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Triticale, or Wheat; In any of the preceding 3 years produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Rye or a different variety of Rye; - a Certified crop of Rye. Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a non-pedigreed Soybean crop; - a crop of a different variety of Soybean; - a Foundation, Registered or Certified crop of Soybeans. Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-6

93 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Specific Crop Land Requirements Select Plot Crop Triticale (Spring and Winter) Wheat (Winter) Wheat (Spring) Must NOT be grown on land which: Land Requirements In the previous year produced: - a Foundation, Registered or Certified crop of Triticale; In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye or Wheat; In any of the preceding 3 years produced: - a non-pedigreed crop of Triticale or a different variety of Triticale; - a Certified crop of Triticale. Must NOT be grown on land which: In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed** crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale or Wheat; - a crop of a different* variety of Wheat; - a Certified crop of Wheat. Must NOT be grown on land which: In the previous year produced: - a Foundation, Registered or Certified crop of Wheat; -a crop of Durum In either of the preceding 2 years produced: - a non-pedigreed** crop of Barley, Buckwheat, Oat, Rye, Durum or Triticale; In any of the preceding 3 years produced: - a non-pedigreed** crop of Wheat or a different* variety of Wheat; - a Certified crop of Wheat. - In crops of pest tolerant varietal blends: * different variety means a variety other than the varieties prescribed in the description of the pest tolerant variety. ** non-pedigreed crop means a crop that did not meet requirements of Circular CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that plots are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A plot that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The plot must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status. Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-7

94 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev All plots must be inspected by an authorized inspector at least once before harvest Cereal plots must be headed Soybean plots must be inspected at maturity Fababean plots must be inspected either at flowering or at maturity depending on the type Bean plots must be inspected twice before harvest by an authorized inspector. The first inspection must be made between 10 and 20 days after full bloom; the second inspection must be made at maturity All other plots must be in bloom CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Except for Bean plots for which this is not permitted, a 1 meter (3 feet) isolation strip is required between plots of the same variety and between plots and crops eligible for Foundation status providing that Foundation status crops were planted: (i) with seed of equivalent pedigreed status to that of the plot; and (ii) on land that meets equivalent land use requirements of that plot. b) The isolation strip must not be a source of contamination. c) Plots of Barley, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Flax, Oat, Rye, Triticale and Wheat need not be isolated from crops of Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea and Soybean. d) Staking of a plot perimeter is permitted, except for Bean plots, in lieu of the 1 meter (3 feet) isolation strip required in a), if it meets CSGA requirements for plot staking, which include the following: (i) Stake locations must be clearly identified on the Application for Crop Inspection map(s) that are submitted to CSGA by the deadline date for that (ii) crop kind. Staking must include at least 8 stakes that are clearly visible and clearly define the perimeter of the plot at the time of inspection. (iii) Impurities reported within a plot s isolation distance required in Table are considered within the plot for CSGA appraisal purposes. Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-8

95 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table : Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Select Plots and Other Crops Note: A Pedigreed crop of the same variety is a crop that is inspected and eligible for pedigreed status. It does not mean a crop planted with pedigreed seed for commercial production. Select Plot Other Crops Crop Barley - Inspected pedigreed Barley of same variety - Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale, Wheat - Different varieties of Barley - Non-pedigreed Barley - Inspected pedigreed Barley of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Barley Bean - Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Peanut, Soybean - Inspected pedigreed Bean of same variety - Different varieties of Bean - Non-pedigreed Bean - Inspected pedigreed Bean of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Bean Buckwheat - Inspected pedigreed Buckwheat of same variety - Barley, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale, Wheat - Crop planted with Certified seed of the same variety - An adjacent crop that has more than 0.5% plants of Buckwheat - Different varieties of Buckwheat - Non-pedigreed Buckwheat - Inspected pedigreed Buckwheat of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Buckwheat Isolation Distance Required 3 meters (10 feet) 10 meters (33 feet) 3 meters (10 feet) 30 meters (33 feet) 3 meters (10 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and that the adjacent crop is free for 400 meters (1,320 feet) from non-pedigreed or different varieties of Buckwheat 150 meters (492 feet) 400 meters (1,320 feet) Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-9

96 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Select Plots and Other Crops Select Plot Other Crops Isolation Distance Required Chickpea Crop - Pedigreed crop of the same variety or strain. 3 meters (10 feet) Canaryseed - Inspected pedigreed Canaryseed of same variety - Crop of a different kind, the seeds of - Flax 3 meters (10 feet) which are difficult to separate from the - Different varieties of Canaryseed plot seed - Non-pedigreed Canaryseed - Crop of a different* variety, strain, - Inspected pedigreed Canaryseed of same variety 10 meters (33 feet) species or type of the same crop kind contaminated with off-types or other varieties of - Non-pedigreed crop of the same kind 10 meters (33 feet) Canaryseed - Crop of the same variety but Durum - Inspected contaminated pedigreed Durum with other of same varieties variety or types - Barley, Buckwheat, of the same kind Oat, as Rye, the Triticale, inspected Wheat plot 3 meters (10 feet) - Different varieties of Durum - Non-pedigreed Durum - Inspected pedigreed Durum of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Durum 10 meters (33 feet) Fababean - Inspected pedigreed Fababean of same variety - Bean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Peanut, Soybean 3 meters (10 feet) - Different varieties of Fababean - Non-pedigreed Fababean - Inspected pedigreed Fababean of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Fababean 10 meters (33 feet) Flax - Inspected pedigreed Flax of same variety - Canaryseed 3 meters (10 feet) - Different varieties of Flax - Non-pedigreed Flax - Inspected pedigreed Flax of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Flax 10 meters (33 feet) Lentil - Inspected pedigreed Lentil of same variety - Bean, Fababean, Lupin, Peanut, Soybean 3 meters (10 feet) - Different varieties of Lentil - Non-pedigreed Lentil - Inspected pedigreed Lentil of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Lentil 10 meters (33 feet) Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-10

97 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Select Plots and Other Crops Select Plot Other Crops Crop Lupin - Inspected pedigreed Lupin of same variety - Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Pea, Peanut, Soybean 3 meters (10 feet) - Different varieties of Lupin Oat (All types) - Non-pedigreed Lupin - Inspected pedigreed Lupin of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Lupin Isolation Distance Required 10 meters (33 feet) - Inspected pedigreed Oat of same variety - Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Rye, Triticale, 3 meters (10 feet) Wheat - Different varieties of Oat - Non-pedigreed Oat - Inspected pedigreed Oat of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Oat 10 meters (33 feet) - Any crop contaminated with Wild Oat 20 meters (66 feet) Oat (Hulless only) Pea** - Inspected pedigreed Pea of same variety - Bean, Fababean, Lupin, Peanut, Soybean 3 meters (10 feet) - Different varieties of Pea - Non-pedigreed Pea - Inspected pedigreed Pea of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Pea Rye - Inspected pedigreed Rye of same variety - Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Triticale, Wheat - Crop planted with Certified seed of the same variety - An adjacent crop that has more than 0.5% plants of Rye - Different varieties of Rye - Non-pedigreed Rye - Inspected pedigreed Rye of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Rye 10 meters (33 feet) 3 meters (10 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and that the adjacent crop is free for 400 meters (1,320 feet) from nonpedigreed or different varieties of Rye 150 meters (492 feet) 400 meters (1,320 feet) Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-11

98 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Select Plots and Other Crops Select Plot Other Crops Crop Soybean - Inspected pedigreed Soybean of same variety - Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Peanut 3 meters (10 feet) - Different varieties of Soybean - Non-pedigreed Soybean - Inspected pedigreed Soybean of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Soybean * In crops of pest tolerant varietal blends, different variety means a variety other than the varieties prescribed in the description of the pest tolerant variety. ** 3 meters of isolation is required between pea and chickpea Weeds a) The plot must show evidence of good weed control and should be free of Prohibited and Primary noxious weeds. b) Very weedy plots may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards Isolation Distance Required 10 meters (33 feet) Triticale - Inspected pedigreed Triticale of same variety - Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Wheat 3 meters (10 feet) - Different varieties of Triticale - Non-pedigreed Triticale - Inspected pedigreed Triticale of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Triticale 30 meters (100 feet) Wheat - Inspected pedigreed Wheat of same variety - Barley, Buckwheat, Durum, Oat, Rye, Triticale 3 meters (10 feet) - Different* varieties of Wheat - Non-pedigreed Wheat - Inspected pedigreed Wheat of same variety contaminated with off-types or other varieties of Wheat 10 meters (33 feet) The inspector makes 6 counts (20,000 plants each) in the plot to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average must not exceed the maximum impurity standards. a) The plot must not contain more than 1 plant in approximately 20,000 plants of another variety or off-type unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. b) In a Soybean plot, the plot must not contain more than 2 plants in approximately 20,000 plants of another variety or off-type unless otherwise specified by the Breeder of the variety. c) The plot must not contain more than 1 plant in approximately 20,000 plants of other crop kinds difficult to separate from the seed produced in the plot. Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Seed Crops Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-12

99 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev RECOMMENDED PROCEDURES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PROBATION AND SELECT PLOTS Planting of Plots a) The plot should be planted in such a manner as to facilitate inspection and effective removal of plants of off-types, other varieties, other kinds and weeds. b) Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Pea and Soybean should be planted in rows over 18 cm (7 inches) apart. c) To facilitate roguing and harvesting, the seed should be sown in single or double rows or in blocks of 4 to 6 rows with a space of approximately 50 cm (20 inches) between rows or blocks of rows. d) Plots should be planted in areas easily accessible for frequent maintenance and provide the maximum protection from outside sources of contamination, such as roadways and building sites. e) Plots susceptible to ergot should not be located adjacent to grassland. f) Regulations for land requirements are minimum standards and caution is necessary in choosing land, as volunteer growth from previous crops may vary according to local conditions. g) The regulations for isolation are minimum standards. It is always to the grower s advantage to provide more isolation than required. h) When planting Probation and Select plots, specific requirements may influence the location and size of the plot. It is a safeguard if adjacent crops are the same variety as the plot and are inspected for pedigreed status Roguing of Probation and Select Plots a) The plot must be thoroughly and intensively rogued many times throughout the crop season. b) The numbers and kinds of plants removed should be recorded and described on the Report of Plot Production (CSGA Form 50). c) All rogued plants must be removed from the plot area Harvesting, Cleaning and Storing of Probation and Select Plots a) A Probation or Select plot grower should have access to the necessary equipment for harvesting and cleaning the seed from the plot in such a manner as to ensure that the varietal purity of the seed is maintained. b) The seed should be stored in a clean, cool, dry area. c) The seed containers should be labelled for identification Probation and Select Plot Grower Courses a) Probation and Select plot growers are encouraged to attend courses on plot production organized by the CSGA. Probation and Select Plot Production of Seed Crops: Seed Crops Barley, Bean, Buckwheat, Canaryseed, Durum, Fababean, Flax, Lentil, Lupin, Oat, Pea, Rye, Soybean, Triticale, and Wheat 12-13

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101 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 13 PROBATION AND FOUNDATION PLOT PRODUCTION OF CANOLA, MUSTARD, OILSEED RADISH, RAPESEED, SAFFLOWER, AND SUNFLOWER In this Section: Canola and Rapeseed includes spring and winter varieties of Brassica napus, Brassica rapa, and canola-quality Brassica juncea, except when otherwise indicated. Mustard includes varieties of Brown or Oriental types (Brassica juncea), White/Yellow types (Sinapis alba) and Ethiopian types (Brassica carinata). Oilseed Radish includes varieties of Raphanus sativus. Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES, GENERATIONS, DEFINITIONS AND TYPES Seed Classes a) Breeder: determined by the Breeder. b) Foundation: one generation, grown by accredited Foundation plot growers. c) Certified: one generation. Refer to Section 4. d) For Certified Hybrid Canola and Rapeseed production, refer to Section For growers not accredited by the CSGA to grow Foundation plots and who plant crops with Breeder seed, the CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the inspected crop and may issue a Certified crop certificate Definitions a) Parent line or population: a relatively true breeding strain or selection used for seed crop production. b) Inbred line: a relatively true breeding homozygous strain. c) A line: line or population which is male sterile. d) B line: male fertile line or population capable of maintaining male sterility. e) Restorer line: line or population used as male parent which has the capability of restoring fertility to male sterile lines/populations when crossed onto them. f) Self-incompatible (S.I.) line: male fertile line or population incapable of selfpollination due to self incompatibility. g) Self-compatible (S.C.) line: male fertile line or population which is capable of self pollination Types a) Single-cross hybrid: the first generation of a cross between two specified inbred lines or relatively homogeneous parent populations. b) Foundation single-cross: a single-cross used in the production of a double-cross, a Foundation three-way cross hybrid or a top-cross hybrid. c) Double-cross hybrid: the first generation of a cross between two Foundation singlecross hybrids. d) Three-way cross hybrid: the first generation of a cross between an inbred parent line or parent population and a Foundation single-cross. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, Rapeseed, Safflower, and Sunflower 13-1

102 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev e) Top-cross hybrid: The first generation of a cross between an inbred parent line and an open pollinated variety PROBATION PLOT PRODUCTION A grower wishing to produce a Foundation plot must receive permission from the CSGA before commencing Probation plot production An Application to Commence Probation Plot Production (Form 154) is available from the CSGA and should be submitted prior to March 31 for spring seeded crops and prior to July 31 for fall seeded crops The grower may be required to have grown Certified seed crops of the crop kind in which the grower is commencing Probation in at least 3 of the previous 5 crop years An individual seed grower must complete 3 successful years of Probation plot production in order to be granted Foundation plot grower status. a) This status is granted to an individual seed grower only. b) This status cannot be acquired through an affiliation with another seed grower or transferred to or from other Foundation plot growers Breeder seed, approved by the CSGA, must be sown each year Breeder seed is obtained directly from the organization responsible for the variety. (Check with the distributor for deadline dates) Probationary growers of Canola and Mustard may change varieties within the crop kind which they started their probation without receiving prior permission from the CSGA The status granted to plots grown during the Probation period is as follows: a) First Year: provided all requirements are met, the First Year plot will be granted Foundation status. Breeder seed must be obtained for the Second Year plot. b) Second Year: provided all requirements are met, the Second Year plot will be granted Foundation status. Breeder seed must be obtained for the Third Year plot. c) Third Year: provided all requirements are met, the Third Year plot will be granted Foundation status. The grower is now eligible to grow Foundation and Select plots Any means of processing or conditioning of seed from a Probation plot which may contaminate the varietal purity of the seed is prohibited A Report of Plot Production (Form 50) for each Probation plot will be sent to the grower and must be completed and submitted to the CSGA A sample of clean seed from each Probation plot must be submitted for variety verification. The sample must be representative of the seed harvested from the plot Probation plot growers may produce only one (1) plot in each year of Probation. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, Rapeseed, Safflower, and Sunflower 13-2

103 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Area of Probation Plot a) The area of the Foundation plot during the 3-year Probation period must not be less than 0.25 hectare (0.50 acre) nor exceed 0.5 hectare (1.25 acres). b) When unforeseen circumstances do not permit proper maintenance of the entire plot, it is recommended that the area be reduced by destroying part of the plot or by isolating a part to meet the requirements of a lower status of pedigreed seed. The remainder must meet the requirements for Probation plot production. c) The total area of a Probation plot includes the walkways provided within the plot to facilitate effective roguing Probation plots in this section are subject to all Foundation plot production requirements FOUNDATION PLOT PRODUCTION An individual seed grower must complete 3 successful years of Probation plot production in order to be granted Foundation plot grower status. a) This status is granted to an individual seed grower only. b) This status cannot be acquired through an affiliation with another seed grower or transferred to or from other Foundation plot growers Plots for Foundation status must be planted with Breeder seed approved by the CSGA For Breeder seed information, growers should contact the Breeder or Canadian representative of the variety. Check with distributor for deadline dates Any means of processing or conditioning of seed from a Foundation plot, which may contaminate the varietal purity of the seed, is prohibited A Report of Plot Production (Form 50) for each Foundation plot will be sent to the grower and must be completed and submitted to the CSGA A sample of clean seed from each Foundation plot must be submitted for variety verification. The sample must be representative of the seed harvested from the plot Area of Foundation Plots a) There is no limit on total acreage of plots, number of crop kinds, number of varieties or acreage of one variety. Each plot is limited to 1 hectare (2.5 acres) in size. b) When unforeseen circumstances do not permit proper maintenance of the entire plot, it is recommended that the area be reduced by destroying part of the plot or by isolating a part to meet the requirements of a lower status of pedigreed seed. The remainder of the plot must meet the requirements for Foundation plot production. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, Rapeseed, Safflower, and Sunflower 13-3

104 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev LAND REQUIREMENTS Crops should not be planted on land where volunteer growth from a previous crop may cause contamination Plots for Foundation status of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish and Rapeseed must not be planted on land which in the previous 5 years grew a crop of Canola, Mustard or Oilseed Radish, or Rapeseed Plots for Foundation status of Safflower and Sunflower must not be planted on land which produced a crop of the same kind in the previous year CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that plots are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A plot that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The plot must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status For Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish and Rapeseed, inspection must be made when the crop is in the early flowering stage in order to best determine varietal purity. A crop not inspected at this stage may be cause for not granting pedigreed status For Safflower, field inspection should be made during the bloom stage but not before at least 50 percent of the plants are showing one or more blossoms For Sunflower, field inspection should be made after the crop is at least 50 percent in bloom and before it is fully matured CROP STANDARDS Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Foundation Plots and Other Crops a) Under optimum conditions, not more than 3 plants per square meter of harmful contaminants (such as species in Section that can cross-pollinate with the inspected crop) are permitted within the required isolation distance(s) adjacent to the inspected crops. The conditions of each crop are assessed by the CSGA which may alter this standard, usually by reducing the number of contaminant plants permitted per square meter, according to the contamination risks involved. b) Harmful contamination within the required isolation distance, depending on density, location and distance from the inspected crop, may be cause for declining pedigreed status. Harmful contaminants for crop certification include the species in Section More information on other potential harmful contaminants, that are not crop certification requirements, is available from the CFIA s Biology reference documents at: c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, Rapeseed, Safflower, and Sunflower 13-4

105 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table : Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Foundation Plots and Other Crops Foundation Plot Crop To produce the parent seed of Hybrid Canola, Hybrid Rapeseed and synthetic/ composite varieties: Canola and Rapeseed (Brassica napus, Brassica rapa and canola-quality Brassica juncea), planted with Breeder seed (A, B, R, S.C. and S.I. lines) Other Crops - Different varieties of Canola, Rapeseed crops - Non-pedigreed crops of the same kind - Planted with Certified seed crops of the same variety (except S.I. lines) - Planted with Breeder or Foundation seed of the same variety - Brown or Oriental or Ethiopian Mustard - White/Yellow Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Camelina Isolation Distance Required 800 meters (2624 feet) or more, as specified by the Breeder 3 meters (10 feet) to a crop planted with Foundation seed of the same pollen bearing (male) parent, provided the pedigree of the Foundation seed used can be established and the prescribed isolation distance is free from harmful contaminants, i.e. other species which will cross pollinate with the inspected crop and includes A line pollen shedders. 3 meters (10 feet) 100 meters (328 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free from harmful contamination (e.g. other species that can cross pollinate with the inspected crop) for a distance of 800 meters (2624 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free from harmful contamination for a distance of 800 meters (2624 feet) Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, Rapeseed, Safflower, and Sunflower 13-5

106 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Foundation Plots and Other Crops Foundation Plot Crop To produce the parent seed of Open-pollinated varieties: Canola and Rapeseed (Brassica napus, canola-quality Brassica juncea) Other Crops - Different varieties of Canola, Rapeseed - Non-pedigreed crops of the same crop kind - Planted with Certified seed of the same variety - Brown or Oriental or Ethiopian Mustard - White/Yellow Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Camelina - Planted with Breeder or Foundation seed of the same variety Isolation Distance Required 200 meters (656 feet) 100 meters (328 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and the adjacent crop is free from harmful contamination (e.g. other species that can cross-pollinate with the inspected crop) for a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) 100 meters (328 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free from harmful contamination (e.g. other species that can cross-pollinate with the inspected crop) for a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free of Canola or Rapeseed plants for a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) 3 meters (10 feet) Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, Rapeseed, Safflower, and Sunflower 13-6

107 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Foundation Plots and Other Crops Foundation Plot Crop To produce the parent seed of Open-pollinated varieties: Canola and Rapeseed (Brassica rapa) Other Crops - Different varieties of Canola, Rapeseed (Brassica rapa) - Non-pedigreed crops of the same kind - Planted with Certified seed of the same variety - Brown or Oriental or Ethiopian Mustard - Brassica napus, Brassica juncea - White/Yellow Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Camelina - Planted with Breeder or Foundation seed of the same variety Isolation Distance Required 400 meters (1312 feet) 100 meters (328 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and the adjacent crop is free from harmful contamination (e.g., other species that can cross-pollinate with the inspected crop) for a distance of 400 meters (1312 feet) 100 meters (328 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free from plants of Brassica rapa species for 400 meters (1312 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free of Canola or Rapeseed plants for a distance of 400 meters (1312 feet) 3 meters (10 feet) Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, Rapeseed, Safflower, and Sunflower 13-7

108 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Foundation Plots and Other Crops Foundation Plot Crop Brown or Oriental Mustard and canola-quality Brassica juncea White/Yellow Mustard or Oilseed Radish Other Crops - Different varieties of Brown or Oriental Mustard - Non-pedigreed crops of the same kind - Planted with Certified seed of the same variety - Canola, Rapeseed, Ethiopian Mustard - White/Yellow Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Camelina - Planted with Breeder or Foundation seed of the same variety - Different varieties of White/Yellow Mustard or Oilseed Radish - Non-pedigreed crops of the same kind - Planted with Certified seed of the same variety - Canola, Rapeseed, Oriental, Brown or Ethiopian Mustard or Camelina - Planted with Breeder or Foundation seed of the same variety Isolation Distance Required 200 meters (656 feet) 100 meters (328 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and the adjacent crop is free from harmful contamination (e.g. other species that can cross-pollinate with the inspected crop) for a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) 100 meters (328 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free of plants of Brown or Oriental Mustard for 200 meters (656 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free of Canola, Oriental, Brown or Ethiopian Mustard or Rapeseed for a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) 3 meters (10 feet) 400 meters (1312 feet) 100 meters (328 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established. 3 meters (10 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free of plants of White/Yellow Mustard or Oilseed Radish for 400 meters (1312 feet) 3 meters (10 feet) Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, Rapeseed, Safflower, and Sunflower 13-8

109 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table (continued): Minimum Isolation Distances Required Between Foundation Plots and Other Crops Foundation Plot Crop Ethiopian Mustard Safflower Sunflower Other Crops - Different varieties of Ethiopian Mustard - Non-pedigreed crops of the same kind - Planted with Certified seed of the same variety - Canola, Rapeseed, Brown or Oriental Mustard - White/Yellow Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Camelina - Planted with Breeder or Foundation seed of the same variety - Different varieties of Safflower - Non-pedigreed crops of Safflower - Foundation or Certified crop of the same variety - Different varieties of Sunflower - Non-pedigreed crops of Sunflower - Wild annual Sunflower - Volunteer Sunflower plants - Foundation or Certified crop of the same variety Isolation Distance Required 200 meters (656 feet) 100 meters (328 feet), provided the pedigree of the Certified seed used can be established and the adjacent crop is free from harmful contamination (e.g. other species that can cross-pollinate with the inspected crop) for a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) 100 meters (328 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free from harmful contamination (e.g. other species that can cross pollinate with the inspected crop) for a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) 3 meters (10 feet), provided the adjacent crop is free of Ethiopian Mustard for a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) 3 meters (10 feet) 400 meters (1312 feet) 3 meters (10 feet) 805 meters (2640 feet) 3 meters (10 feet) Border Rows a) Must be planted with the same seed as the pollen (male) parent rows. b) Must be planted such that synchronous flowering occurs with pollen (male) parent rows and, more importantly, with receptive female parent plants of the inspected crop. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, Rapeseed, Safflower, and Sunflower 13-9

110 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Weeds a) All crops for pedigree should be free of Prohibited and Primary noxious weeds. b) The presence of either Cleavers Bedstraw or Wild Mustard in the Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Rapeseed plot is cause for declining pedigreed status. c) Very weedy plots may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The inspector makes 6 counts (20,000 plants each) in the plot to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average must not exceed the maximum impurity standards. a) A Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Rapeseed plot for Foundation status, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder, must not contain more than 1 plant in approximately 20,000 plants of harmful contaminants (species in Section that may cross pollinate successfully with the inspected crop), other varieties or distinct off-types. b) A Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Rapeseed plot for Foundation status, unless exceptions are specified by the responsible Breeder, must not contain more than 1 plant in approximately 20,000 plants of other crop kinds, the seeds of which are difficult to separate from the crop presented for pedigreed status, e.g., Mustard in Canola or Rapeseed. c) For Safflower, the maximum standard permitted is 1 per 10,000 plants. d) For Sunflower, the maximum standard allowed is one-half of 1 percent (0.5%) that is 1 plant per 200 plants of inspected crop, of other varieties or clearly distinguishable off-types RECOMMENDED PROCEDURES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PROBATION AND FOUNDATION PLOTS Planting of Plots a) The plot should be planted in such a manner as to facilitate inspection, roguing and harvesting. b) Plots should be planted in areas easily accessible for frequent maintenance and provide the maximum protection from outside sources of contamination, such as roadways and building sites. c) Regulations for land requirements are minimum standards and caution is necessary in choosing land, as volunteer growth from previous crops may vary according to local conditions. d) The regulations for isolation are minimum standards. It is always to the grower s advantage to provide more isolation than required. e) When planting Probation and Foundation plots, specific requirements may influence the location and size of the plot. It is a safeguard if adjacent crops are the same variety as the plot and are inspected for pedigreed status Roguing of Probation and Foundation Plots a) The plot must be thoroughly and intensively rogued many times throughout the crop season. b) The numbers and kinds of plants removed should be recorded and described on the Report of Plot Production (CSGA Form 50). c) All rogued plants must be removed from the plot area. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, Rapeseed, Safflower, and Sunflower 13-10

111 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Harvesting, Cleaning and Storing of Probation and Foundation Plots a) A Probation or Foundation plot grower should have access to the necessary equipment for harvesting and cleaning the seed from the plot in such a manner as to ensure that the varietal purity of the seed is maintained. b) The seed should be stored in a clean, cool, dry area. c) The seed containers should be labelled for identification Probation and Foundation Plot Grower Courses a) Probation and Foundation plot growers are encouraged to attend courses on plot production organized by the CSGA SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS Probation and Foundation plot growers may be required to submit to the CSGA the results from a recognized laboratory indicating the erucic acid and/or glucosinolate content of Canola varieties. A crop certificate may be issued if the seed meets the officially recognized variety description standards In the case of canola-quality Brassica juncea, Probation and Foundation plot growers must submit to the CSGA the results from a recognized laboratory indicating the allyl glucosinolate level of a crop. A crop certificate may be issued if the seed meets the maximum standard of 1 micro mole of allyl glucosinolate per gram of seed Species considered harmful contaminants for crop certification, that may cross pollinate successfully with inspected crops of species in this Section, include the following: - B. juncea: Brown or Oriental Mustard; - B. napus: Argentine Canola; - B. rapa: Polish Canola; - S. alba: White or Yellow Mustard; - R. raphanistrum: Wild Radish. - R. sativus: Oilseed Radish. Probation and Foundation Plot Production of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish, Rapeseed, Safflower, and Sunflower 13-11

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113 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 14 FOUNDATION, REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF OTHER CROPS In addition to the crop kinds in this Section, Regulations are available from the CSGA for pedigreed seed crop production of other crops Millet 14.2 Sorghum 14.3 Hybrid Sorghum 14.4 Hybrid Alfalfa 14.5 Coriander 14.6 Hybrid Pearl Millet 14.7 Niger 14.8 Peanut 14.9 Fenugreek Camelina Hybrid Asparagus Sugar Beet Dill Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Other Crops 14-1

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115 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 14.1 FOUNDATION, REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF CROSS-POLLINATED MILLET In this Section: Cross-Pollinated Millet includes all varieties of cross-pollinated Millet (Panicum miliaceum). Millet includes all Millet (Panicum miliaceum) including self-pollinated Millet but excluding Pearl Millet ((Pennisetum glaucum). Regulations for production of Self-Pollinated Millet are in Section Regulations for production of Hybrid Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) are in Section Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and are normally Foundation, Registered and Certified For Select and Probation plot production, refer also to the plot requirements of Section 12. Land and crop inspection requirements for plot production are the same as for Foundation status crops For those growers who are not accredited by CSGA to grow Probation, Select or Foundation plots, and who plant crops with Breeder or Select seed, CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the crop and may issue a Registered or Certified crop certificate LAND REQUIREMENTS Cross-Pollinated Millet crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a non-pedigreed crop of Millet or a different variety of Millet Cross-Pollinated Millet crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a crop of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Rapeseed CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Cross-Pollinated Millet

116 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev For Foundation and Registered crops: A first crop inspection should be made after the crop is headed, preferably at the half-bloom stage (when 50 percent of the plants are showing one or more blossoms). A second crop inspection should be made before harvest after the seed begins to assume a mature colour. For Certified crops: A crop inspection is required before harvest after the seed begins to assume a mature colour CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Cross-Pollinated Millet crops for Foundation or Registered status must be isolated by a distance of 400 meters (1312 feet) from other varieties of Millet or from a nonpedigreed crop of Millet. b) Cross-Pollinated Millet crops for Certified status must be isolated by a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) from other varieties of Millet or from a non-pedigreed crop of Millet. c) Isolation between Millets of a different genus shall be 2 meters (6 feet). d) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status. c) Some weeds and other crop kinds can produce seeds that are difficult to separate from Cross-Pollinated Millet. Seed crops with excessive numbers of these difficult to separate weeds or other crop kinds may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels outlined in Table apply, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Maximum Permitted Impurity in each class Foundation Registered Certified Other varieties of Cross-Pollinated Millet 1 per 20,000 plants 1 per 10, 000 plants 1 per 5,000 plants Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Cross-Pollinated Millet

117 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION FOUNDATION, REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF SELF-POLLINATED MILLET In this Section: Self-Pollinated Millet includes all varieties and types of self-pollinated Millet (Panicum Miliaceum) including Proso and Foxtail. Millet includes all Millet (Panicum miliaceum) including cross-pollinated Millet but excluding Pearl Millet ((Pennisetum glaucum). Regulations for production of Cross-Pollinated Millet are in Section Regulations for production of Hybrid Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) are in Section Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and are normally Foundation, Registered and Certified For Select and Probation plot production, refer also to the plot requirements of Section 12. Land and crop inspection requirements for plot production are the same as for Foundation status crops For those growers who are not accredited by CSGA to grow Probation, Select or Foundation plots, and who plant crops with Breeder or Select seed, CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the crop and may issue a Registered or Certified crop certificate LAND REQUIREMENTS Self-Pollinated Millet crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a non-pedigreed crop of Millet-Self Pollinated or a different variety of Millet Self-Pollinated Millet crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a crop of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Rapeseed CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Self-Pollinated Millet

118 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status A crop inspection is required before harvest after the crop is headed and the seed begins to assume a mature colour CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Self-Pollinated Millet crops must be isolated by a distance of 3 meters (10 feet) from other varieties of Millet or from a non-pedigreed crop of Millet. b) Self-Pollinated Millet crops must be isolated by a distance of 1 meter (3 feet) from inspected Self-Pollinated Millet of the same variety. c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status. c) Some weeds and other crop kinds can produce seeds that are difficult to separate from Self-pollinated Millet. Seed crops with excessive numbers of these difficult to separate weeds or other crop kinds may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels outlined in Table apply, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Maximum Permitted Impurity in each class Foundation Registered Certified Other varieties of Self-Pollinated Millet 1 per 3,000 plants 1 per 2,000 plants 1 per 1,000 plants Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Self-Pollinated Millet

119 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 14.2 FOUNDATION, REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF SORGHUM In this Section: Sorghum includes all varieties of Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare). Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and are normally Foundation, Registered and Certified For Foundation and Probation plot production, refer also to the plot requirements of Section 13. Land and crop inspection requirements for plot production are the same as for Foundation status crops For those growers who are not accredited by CSGA to grow Probation, Select or Foundation plots, and who plant crops with Breeder or Select seed, CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the crop and may issue a Registered or Certified crop certificate LAND REQUIREMENTS Sorghum crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a nonpedigreed crop of Sorghum or a different variety of Sorghum Sorghum crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a crop of Sudangrass or Broomcorn CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status For Foundation and Registered crops: A first crop inspection should be made after the crop is headed, preferably at the half-bloom stage (when 50 percent of the plants are showing one or more blossoms). A second crop inspection should be made before harvest after the seed begins to assume a mature colour. Sorghum

120 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev For Certified crops: A crop inspection is required before harvest after the seed begins to assume a mature colour CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Sorghum crops for Foundation or Registered status must be isolated by a distance of 400 meters (1312 feet) from other varieties of Sorghum, from a non-pedigreed crop of Sorghum and from Sudangrass and Broomcorn. b) Sorghum crops for Certified status must be isolated by a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) from other varieties of Sorghum, from a non-pedigreed crop of Sorghum and from Sudangrass and Broomcorn. The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels outlined in Table apply, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Impurity Other varieties of Sorghum Maximum Permitted in each class Foundation Registered Certified 1 per 20,000 plants 1 per 10, 000 plants 1 per 5,000 plants Sorghum

121 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 14.3 FOUNDATION AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF HYBRID SORGHUM In this Section: Hybrid Sorghum includes all varieties of Hybrid Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare). Sorghum includes all Sorghum (Sorghum vulgare). Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and Foundation parental material is normally planted to produce Certified hybrid crops Foundation seed: limited to one generation Certified seed: limited to one generation LAND REQUIREMENTS Hybrid Sorghum crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a non-pedigreed crop of Sorghum or a different variety of Sorghum unless the previous crop was a pedigreed crop of one or both of the parents of the inspected hybrid crop Hybrid Sorghum crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a crop of Sudangrass or Broomcorn CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status Two crop inspections shall be made during the bloom stage, one in early bloom and one in full bloom. A third crop inspection shall be made befor harvest but after the seed begins to assume mature colour. Hybrid Sorghum

122 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Sorghum parental material crops for Foundation status must be isolated by a distance of 400 meters (1312 feet) from other varieties of Sorghum, from a non-pedigreed crop of Sorghum or from Sudangrass or Broomcorn. b) Hybrid Sorghum crops for Certified status must be isolated by a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) from other varieties of Sorghum or from a non-pedigreed crop of Sorghum and 400 meters from Sudangrass or Broomcorn. c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree should be free of Prohibited and Primary noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels outlined in Table apply, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Impurity Maximum Permitted At One Crop Inspection Other varieties of Sorghum Foundation Certified Definite 1 per 50,000 plants 1 per 20,000 plants Doubtful 1 per 20,000 plants 1 per 1,000 plants SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS Flowering At any one crop inspection, the maximum pollen shedding permitted by seed (female) parent plants is 1 per 3,000 plants for Foundation crops and 1 per 1,500 plants for Certified hybrid crops. Hybrid Sorghum

123 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 14.4 PRODUCTION OF HYBRID ALFALFA In this Section: Hybrid Alfalfa includes all varieties of Hybrid Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) but not interspecific hybrids of Medicago sativa and Medicago falcata. Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and either Select Synthetic or Foundation status parental material is normally planted to maintain male sterile parent material and to produce Certified hybrid crops. Currently in Canada, hybrid alfalfa production involves the blending of parental seed lines in specific ratios. Select Synthetic or Foundation seed of male and female lines are blended in a specific proportion under the supervision of the plant breeder. The ratio of male sterile and either maintainer line or male fertile line shall not be more than 2: LAND REQUIREMENTS Hybrid Alfalfa crops must not be grown on land which in the previous two (2) years grew a non-pedigreed crop of Alfalfa or a different variety of Alfalfa CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status A crop inspection shall be made during the bloom stage, after 75% of the plants are showing one or more blossoms but before most seed has set. At the time of crop inspection, the Pollen Production Index (PPI) of the male sterile (female) parent must be determined as explained in the Specific Requirements in Section Production of Hybrid Alfalfa

124 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev AGE OF STAND The pedigreed class of the seed crop will vary by crop species, the number of classes designated by the Breeder or the authorized agent of the Breeder and the Age of Stand Additional limitations on Age of Stand through which a variety may be multiplied outside the region of adaptation may be specified by the Breeder or the authorized agent of the Breeder For most perennial crops there is a specified number of years during which pedigreed seed may be harvested from one planting Calculating Age of Stand a) If rejuvenation is used as a management practice, it will count as a year of production in calculating the Age of Stand. b) For calculating Age of Stand, the first seed crop is the first year in which a seed crop could normally be harvested, irrespective of time or method of planting. c) Each calendar year thereafter will be considered a seed crop year. For example: Alfalfa sown without a companion crop in the fall is normally considered capable of seed production the following year. Alfalfa seeded with pedigreed seed of Winter Wheat as a companion crop in the fall will be considered for the first year of seed production in the second year after planting CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Hybrid Alfalfa female parent crops for Foundation status must be isolated by a distance of 400 meters (1312 feet) from other varieties of Alfalfa or from a nonpedigreed crop of Hybrid Alfalfa. b) Hybrid Alfalfa crops for Certified status, or male parent crops for Foundation status, must be isolated by a distance of 50 meters (165 feet) from other varieties of Alfalfa or from a non-pedigreed crop of Hybrid Alfalfa. c) In producing either Foundation parent material or Certified hybrid crops of the same variety, at least 3 metres (10 feet) isolation is required between crops. d) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Border Removal in Lieu of Isolation for Certified Crops of Hybrid Alfalfa a) For a Certified crop, 50 meters (165 feet) is normally required from the edge of the seed field to the nearest contaminating pollen source. b) Contaminating sources of pollen include: a crop of a different variety of Alfalfa; a crop sown with commercial Alfalfa seed; or a crop of Alfalfa where the seed sown cannot be verified as being pedigreed seed. c) If crop area is more than 5 acres and the isolation distance provided is less than 50 meters (165 feet), then the area of the seed crop to be discarded is determined by the procedure outlined in Chart (next page) Procedure for Determining Area of Alfalfa Seed Crop to be Discarded. Production of Hybrid Alfalfa

125 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Chart : PROCEDURE FOR DETERMINING AREA OF ALFALFA SEED CROP TO BE DISCARDED L = length of seed field W = width of seed field Y = 50 meters minus D L x W = total area of seed field D = Distance W x Y = zone which may not be eligible for pedigree Example: If L = 200 meters; W = 40 meters; D = 30 meters and Y = (50 - D) = 170 meters. Calculation of ineligible area: W x Y (40 x 20) = 800; W x L = (40 x 200) = 8,000 L Seed Field Contaminating source of pollen: - a crop of a different variety of alfalfa Y Portion of crop eligible Portion of W for crop NOT Certified eligible for seed crop pedigreed seed D or - a crop sown with commercial alfalfa seed or - a crop of alfalfa where the seed sown cannot be verified as being pedigreed seed If 10% or less of the Certified field is within the 50 meters (165 ft.) isolation zone (WxY), then 3 meters (10 ft.) of isolation is required. If more than 10% of the field is within the isolation zone (WxY), that part of the field must not be harvested as Certified seed. The isolation zone is that area calculated by multiplying the length (L) of the seed field by the average width (W) of the seed field falling within the 50 meters (165 ft.) isolation distance requirements, then a clear line of demarcation shall be established between the Certified and non-certified portion of the field Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels outlined in Table apply, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Production of Hybrid Alfalfa

126 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Impurity Maximum Permitted Foundation Certified Other varieties of Alfalfa 1 per 1,000 plants 1 per 1,000 plants SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS Pollen Production Index During crop inspection, at the bloom stage after 75% of the plants are showing one or more blossoms but before most seed has set, the Pollen Production Index (PPI) of the male sterile (female) parent must be determined. This is done by examining untripped flowers on 200 plants. Plants must be sampled in a manner that is representative of the crop and inspectors classify each of the 200 plants as: Male Sterile (MS) - no pollen Partially Male Sterile (PMS) - trace amount of pollen Partially Fertile (PF) - substantially less than normal amount of pollen Fertile (F) - normal pollen To determine the PPI, the number of plants in each class of fertility must be multiplied by a factor, the results all classes are added together and divided by the total number of plants examined to come up with a Pollen Production Index (PPI) value for the crop. The factors are as follows: MS multiply the number of plants by 0 PMS multiply the number of plants by 0.1 PF multiply the number of plants by 0.6 F multiply the number of plants by 1 As outlined in Table below, the maximum allowable Pollen Production Index (PPI) for a Foundation crop would be For crops with separate male and female plants, the maximum allowable PPI for a Certified crop with a 95% hybridity standard is 0.06 and the maximum allowable PPI for a Certified crop with a 75% hybridity standard is For composite crops of male and female plants, the maximum allowable PPI for a Certified crop with a 75% hybridity standard is If less than 68% of the plants are male sterile, then no further examinations are required because the crop will not meet CSGA requirements. If more than 80% of the plants are male sterile, no further examinations are required because the crop will clearly meet CSGA requirements. If between 68% and 80% of the plants are male sterile, then another 100 plants shall be sampled and included in the calculation. Production of Hybrid Alfalfa

127 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table : Maximum Pollen Production Index (PPI) Inspected Crop Parent Seed Planted Maximum PPI Index Foundation (A)* in rows 0.14 Certified separate female and male 95% hybrid (A)* x (B)* in rows % hybrid (A)* x (B)* in rows 0.42 composite of female and male 75% hybrid ((A)* x (B)*) + (C)* 0.25 * Parent Seed Identity Production of Hybrid Alfalfa

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129 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 14.5 FOUNDATION, REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF CORIANDER In this Section: Coriander includes all varieties of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum). Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and are normally Foundation, Registered and Certified For Select and Probation plot production, refer also to the plot requirements of Section 12. Land and crop inspection requirements for plot production are the same as for Foundation status crops For those growers who are not accredited by the CSGA to grow Probation, Select or Foundation plots, and who plant crops with Breeder or Select seed, the CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the crop and may issue a Registered or Certified crop certificate LAND REQUIREMENTS Coriander crops for Foundation or Registered pedigreed status must not be grown on land which in the preceding 5 years grew a different variety or non-pedigreed crop of Coriander Coriander crops for Certified pedigreed status must not be grown on land which in the preceding 3 years grew a different variety or non-pedigreed crop of Coriander CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status A field inspection should be made during the bloom stage after at least 50 percent of the plants are showing one or more blossoms. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Coriander

130 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Coriander crops for Foundation or Registered status must be isolated by a distance of 400 meters (1312 feet) from other varieties of Coriander or from a non-pedigreed crop of Coriander. b) Coriander crops for Certified status must be isolated by a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) from other varieties of Coriander or from a non-pedigreed crop of Coriander. c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status. c) Wild Buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus) plants can produce seeds that are difficult to separate from Coriander. Seed crops with excessive numbers of difficult to separate weeds or other crop kinds may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels outlined in Table apply, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Impurity Maximum Permitted in Each Class Foundation and Certified Registered Other varieties of Coriander 1 per 30 sq. metres 1 per 10 sq. metres Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Coriander

131 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 14.6 FOUNDATION AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF HYBRID PEARL MILLET In this Section: Hybrid Pearl Millet includes all varieties of hybrid Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum). Pearl Millet includes all Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) but excludes all Self-Pollinated and all Cross-Pollinated Millet (Panicum miliaceum). Regulations for production of Cross-Pollinated Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) are in Section Regulations for production of Self-Pollinated Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) are in Section Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and Foundation parental material is normally planted to produce Certified hybrid crops Foundation seed: limited to one generation Certified seed: limited to one generation LAND REQUIREMENTS Hybrid Pearl Millet crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a non-pedigreed crop of Pearl Millet or a different variety of Pearl Millet CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status A field inspection should be made during the bloom stage after 50 percent of the plants are showing one or more blossoms. Hybrid Pearl Millet

132 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Hybrid Pearl Millet crops for Foundation or Registered status must be isolated by a distance of 400 meters (1312 feet) from other varieties of Pearl Millet or from a nonpedigreed crop of Pearl Millet. b) Hybrid Pearl Millet crops for Certified status must be isolated by a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) from other varieties of Pearl Millet or from a non-pedigreed crop of Pearl Millet. c) Isolation between Millets of a different genus shall be 2 meters (6 feet). d) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels outlined in Table apply, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Impurity Maximum Permitted At Any One Crop Inspection Other varieties of Pearl Millet Foundation Certified Definite 1 per 50,000 plants 1 per 20,000 plants Doubtful 1 per 20,000 plants 1 per 1,000 plants SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS Flowering At any one crop inspection, the maximum pollen shedding permitted by seed (female) parent plants is 1 per 3,000 plants for Foundation crops and 1 per 1,500 plants for Certified hybrid crops. Hybrid Pearl Millet

133 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 14.7 FOUNDATION AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF NIGER In this Section: Niger includes all varieties of Niger (Guizotia abysinnica). Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and are normally Foundation and Certified Foundation: limited to one generation. For Foundation and Probation plot production, refer also to the plot requirements of Section 13. Land and crop inspection requirements for plot production are the same as for Foundation status crops For those growers who are not accredited by the CSGA to grow Probation, Select or Foundation plots, and who plant crops with Breeder or Select seed, the CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the crop and may issue a Certified crop certificate LAND REQUIREMENTS Niger crops must not be grown on land which in the preceding 2 years grew a non-pedigreed crop of Niger or a different variety of Niger Niger crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a crop of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Rapeseed CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status Inspection should be made during the bloom stage after at least 50 percent of the plants are showing one or more blossoms. Foundation and Certified Production of Niger

134 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Niger crops for Foundation status must be isolated by a distance of 400 meters (1312 feet) from other varieties of Niger or from a non-pedigreed crop of Niger. b) Niger crops for Certified status must be isolated by a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) from other varieties of Niger or from a non-pedigreed crop of Niger. c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status. c) Some vetches (Vicia spp.) produce seeds that are difficult to separate from Niger seed. Seed crops with excessive numbers of difficult to separate weeds or other crop kinds may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels outlined in Table apply, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Impurity Maximum Permitted in Each Class Foundation Certified Other varieties of Niger 1 per 30 sq. metres 1 per 10 sq. metres Foundation and Certified Production of Niger

135 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 14.8 FOUNDATION AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF PEANUT In this Section: Peanut includes all varieties of Peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and are normally Foundation, Registered and Certified For Select and Probation plot production, refer also to the plot requirements of Section 12. Land and crop inspection requirements for plot production are the same as for Foundation status crops For those growers who are not accredited by the CSGA to grow Probation, Select or Foundation plots, and who plant crops with Breeder or Select seed, the CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the crop and may issue a Registered or Certified crop certificate LAND REQUIREMENTS Peanut crops for pedigreed status must not be grown on land which in the previous year produced a different variety or non-pedigreed crop of Peanut CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status. Foundation and Certified Production of Peanut

136 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation for All Crops in this Section a) The perimeter of the crop to be inspected must be clearly defined. b) The required isolation in Table (below) must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection. c) Any plants considered a source of contamination found within 3 meters (10 feet) of the inspected crop may be reason for declining pedigreed status. Table : Minimum Isolation Distances Required from Inspected Peanut Crop Inspected Crop Other Crops Isolation Distance Required - Inspected pedigreed Peanut crop of same variety 1 meter (3 feet) Peanut - Bean, Fababean, Lentil, Lupin, Pea, Soybean - Different varieties of Peanut - Non-pedigreed crop of Peanut Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards 3 meters (10 feet) Impurity Other varieties of Peanut Maximum Permitted in Each Class Foundation Registered Certified 10 per 10,000 plants 20 per 10,000 plants 50 per 10,000 plants SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS Foundation status crops may require submission of a 1 lb. (500 gram) seed sample for varietal purity identification testing. Foundation and Certified Production of Peanut

137 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 14.9 FOUNDATION, REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF FENUGREEK In this Section: Fenugreek includes all varieties of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum). Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and are normally Foundation, Registered and Certified For Select and Probation plot production, refer to the plot requirements of Section 12. Land and crop inspection requirements for plot production are the same as for Foundation status crops For those growers who are not accredited by CSGA to grow Probation, Select or Foundation plots, and who plant crops with Breeder or Select seed, CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the crop and may issue a Registered or Certified crop certificate LAND REQUIREMENTS Fenugreek crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a non-pedigreed crop of Fenugreek or a different variety of Fenugreek Fenugreek crops should not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a crop of Canaryseed or Flax CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status Inspection should be made during the bloom stage after at least 50 percent of the plants are showing one or more blossoms. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Fenugreek

138 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Fenugreek crops for Foundation status must be isolated by a distance of 10 meters (33 feet) from other varieties of Fenugreek or from a non-pedigreed crop of Fenugreek. b) Fenugreek crops for Certified status must be isolated by a distance of 3 meters (10 feet) from other varieties of Fenugreek or from a non-pedigreed crop of Fenugreek. c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status. c) Flax and Canaryseed produce seeds that may be difficult to separate from Fenugreek and crops with excessive numbers of these impurities may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels outlined in Table apply, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Impurity Maximum Permitted in Each Class Foundation and Registered Certified Other varieties of Fenugreek 1 per 10,000 plants 5 per 10,000 plants Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Fenugreek

139 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION FOUNDATION, REGISTERED AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF CAMELINA In this Section: Camelina includes all varieties of Camelina (Camelina sativa). Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and are normally Foundation, Registered and Certified For Select, Foundation or Probation plot production, refer to the plot requirements of Sections 12 or 13. Land and crop inspection requirements for plot production are the same as for Foundation status crops For those growers who are not accredited by CSGA to grow Probation, Select or Foundation plots, and who plant crops with Breeder or Select seed, CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the crop and may issue a Registered or Certified crop certificate LAND REQUIREMENTS Camelina crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a nonpedigreed crop of Camelina or a different variety of Camelina Camelina crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a crop of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Rapeseed CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status A field inspection should be made during the bloom stage but not before at least 50 percent of the plants are showing one or more blossoms. Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Camelina

140 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Camelina crops for Foundation or Registered status must be isolated by a distance of 100 meters (328 feet) from other varieties of Camelina or from a non-pedigreed crop of Camelina. b) Camelina crops for Certified status must be isolated by a distance of 16 meters (52 feet) from other varieties of Camelina or from a non-pedigreed crop of Camelina. c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status. c) Prickly Lettuce (Lactuca serriola), Stinkweed (Thlaspi arvensis) and Shepherds Purse (Capsella bursa-pastoris) plants can produce seeds that are difficult to separate from Camelina and seed crops with excessive numbers of these weeds may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels outlined in Table apply, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Impurity Maximum Permitted in Each Class Foundation Registered Certified Other varieties of Camelina 2 per 10,000 plants 5 per 10, 000 plants 10 per 10,000 plants Foundation, Registered and Certified Production of Camelina

141 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF HYBRID ASPARAGUS In this Section: Hybrid Asparagus includes all varieties of hybrid asparagus (Asparagus officinalis). Regulations for production of self-pollinated Asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) are in Section 19. Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The male and female planting stock used to establish Certified status hybrid asparagus crops must be tissue culture produced plants, or vegetative propagules of such plants, that have been produced in compliance with the production, maintenance and multiplication requirements of the CFIA directive (eg. D-97-08) for certification of Nuclear Stock class seed potatoes, and with the requirements of the recognized Breeder responsible for maintaining the variety Certification of hybrid asparagus is limited to Certified status crops LAND REQUIREMENTS Hybrid Asparagus crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew Asparagus. The land must also be free of volunteer asparagus plants at the time of planting CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to harvesting A crop that is harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status At least one field inspection shall be made of Hybrid Asparagus crops during the midbloom stage. Certified Production of Hybrid Asparagus

142 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Hybrid Asparagus crops that are not produced in an enclosed protected environment, such as greenhouses, mesh tents or cages, and Hybrid Asparagus crops produced in a protected environment that is not in good condition, must be at least 1610 meters (5280 feet) from any other asparagus crops except pedigreed crops produced from the same pollen bearing (male) parent planting stock, which require a minimum isolation distance of at least 3 meters (10 feet). b) Hybrid Asparagus crops that are produced in an enclosed protected environment, such as greenhouses, mesh tents or cages, that is in good condition, must meet the following isolation requirements: i) Crops must be in an enclosure that is located at least 50 meters (164 feet) from any other asparagus crops except pedigreed crops produced from the same pollen bearing (male) parent planting stock or other pedigreed seed crops in enclosed protected environments that are in good condition, which require a minimum isolation distance of at least 3 meters (10 feet). ii) Each enclosure may not contain plants of more than one pollen bearing (male) parent line. c) The required isolation must be provided prior to flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards a) During flowering or pollination, the maximum number of plants of other varieties, off-types or volunteers permitted is ten (10) plants in approximately 10,000 plants in both male and female plants of the inspected crop. b) The inspector makes 6 counts (10,000 plants each) in the field to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average must not exceed the maximum impurity standard. c) Impurities in pedigreed crops should be removed prior to crop inspection SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS CSGA may require submission of a seed sample for varietal identity verification testing. Certified Production of Hybrid Asparagus

143 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION FOUNDATION AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF SUGAR BEET In this Section: Sugar Beet includes all varieties of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS a) Breeder: controlled by the Breeder b) Foundation: one generation c) Certified: one generation LAND REQUIREMENTS Sugar Beet crops for foundation or Certified status must not be planted on land which has been planted with or produced any Beta vulgaris during the preceding 5 years (60 months from harvest to planting) CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to harvesting A crop that is harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status Two field inspections shall be made of Sugar Beet crops. First inspections shall be made when plants are in the early leaf stage and second inspections are at the flowering stage Sugar Beet crops must be planted in distinct rows. Foundation and Certified Production of Sugar Beet

144 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Under optimum conditions, not more than 3 plants per square meter of harmful contaminants (other Sugar Beet varieties and all sub-species of genus Beta) are permitted within the required isolation distance(s) adjacent to the inspected crops. The conditions of each crop are assessed by the CSGA which may alter this standard, usually by reducing the number of contaminant plants permitted per square meter, according to the contamination risks involved. b) Harmful contamination within the required isolation distance, depending on density, location and distance from the inspected crop, may be cause for declining pedigreed status. Harmful contaminants for crop certification include other Sugar Beet varieties and all other sub-species of genus Beta. Examples include Fodder Beet, Mangels, Red Beet and Swiss Chard. c) The required isolation in Table must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection. Table : Minimum Isolation Distances Required from an Inspected Sugar Beet Crop to Other Crops Inspected Crop Other Crops Minimum Isolation Distance Required Foundation Crops planted with Foundation seed of the same pollen source 3 meters (10 feet), provided the pedigree of the Foundation seed used can be established and the prescribed isolation distance is free from harmful contamination (i.e. other species which can cross pollinate with the inspected crop) Non-pedigreed Sugar Beet 1525 meters (5000 feet) or more, as specified by Foundation -Varieties with Monogerm pollinator pollen source Other or unknown pollinator of genus Beta (including fodder beet, mangel, red beet, swiss chard) the Breeder 3110 meters (10200 feet) - Monogerm pollinator sources 1525 meters (5000 feet) Certified Certified -Varieties with Monogerm pollinator Crops planted with Foundation seed of the same pollen source 3 meters (10 feet), provided the pedigree of the Foundation seed used can be established and the prescribed isolation distance is free from harmful contamination (i.e. other species which can cross pollinate with the inspected crop) 975 meters (3200 feet) or more, as specified by the Breeder 2440 meters (8000 feet) Non-pedigreed Sugar Beet pollen source Other or unknown pollinator of genus Beta (including fodder beet, mangel, red beet, swiss chard) - Monogerm pollinator sources 1525 meters (5000 feet) Foundation and Certified Production of Sugar Beet

145 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards a) During flowering or pollination, the maximum number of plants of other varieties, off-types or volunteers of genus Beta plants permitted in Certified status crops is fifty (50) plants in approximately 10,000 plants of the inspected crop (i.e. 0.5%). b) During flowering or pollination, no plants of other varieties, off-types or volunteers of genus Beta plants are permitted in Foundation status crop (i.e. 0.0%). c) The inspector makes 6 counts (10,000 plants each) in the field to determine the number of impurities. The resulting average must not exceed the maximum impurity standard. d) Impurities in pedigreed crops should be removed prior to crop inspection SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS CSGA may require submission of a seed sample for varietal identity verification testing. Foundation and Certified Production of Sugar Beet

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147 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION FOUNDATION AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF DILL In this Section: Dill includes all varieties of Dill (Anethum graveolens). Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and are normally Foundation and Certified Foundation: limited to one generation. For Foundation and Probation plot production, refer also to the plot requirements of Section 13. Land and crop inspection requirements for plot production are the same as for Foundation status crops For those growers who are not accredited by the CSGA to grow Probation, Select or Foundation plots, and who plant crops with Breeder or Select seed, the CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the crop and may issue a Certified crop certificate LAND REQUIREMENTS Dill crops must not be grown on land which in the preceding 2 years grew a non-pedigreed crop of Dill or a different variety of Dill Dill crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a crop of Canola, Mustard, Oilseed Radish or Rapeseed CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status Inspection should be made during the bloom stage after at least 50 percent of the plants are showing one or more blossoms. Foundation and Certified Production of Dill

148 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Dill crops for Foundation status must be isolated by a distance of 400 meters (1312 feet) from other varieties of Dill or from a non-pedigreed crop of Dill. b) Dill crops for Certified status must be isolated by a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) from other varieties of Dill or from a non-pedigreed crop of Dill. c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status. c) Some vetches (Vicia spp.) produce seeds that are difficult to separate from Dill seed. Seed crops with excessive numbers of difficult to separate weeds or other crop kinds may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels for off-types and other varieties of Dill are outlined in Table , unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Impurity Off types and Other varieties of Dill Maximum Permitted in Each Class Foundation Certified 1 per 30 sq. metres 1 per 10 sq. metres Foundation and Certified Production of Dill

149 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 15 CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF SAFFLOWER Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS Breeder seed: controlled by the Breeder. No generation limit Foundation seed: limited to one generation Certified seed: limited to one generation LAND REQUIREMENTS Safflower crops must not be grown on land which grew a different variety of Safflower in the previous year Safflower crops must not be grown on land which grew a non-pedigreed crop of Safflower in the previous year CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status A field inspection should be made during the bloom stage but not before at least 50 percent of the plants are showing one or more blossoms CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Safflower crops for pedigreed status must be isolated by a distance of 400 meters (1312 feet) from other varieties of the same kind or from a non-pedigreed crop of Safflower. b) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection. Certified Production of Safflower 15-1

150 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Weeds a) All crops for pedigree should be free of Prohibited and Primary noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels outlined in Table apply, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Impurity Maximum Permitted in each Class Foundation Certified Other varieties 1 per 10,000 plants 5 per 10,000 plants Certified Production of Safflower 15-2

151 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 16.1 FOUNDATION AND CERTIFIED PRODUCTION OF OPEN-POLLINATED SUNFLOWER In this Section: Open-Pollinated Sunflower includes all varieties of open-pollinated Sunflower (Helianthus annus). Sunflower includes all Sunflower species (Helianthus spp.). Regulations for production of Hybrid Sunflower (Helianthus annus) are in Section Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and are normally Foundation and Certified Foundation seed: limited to one generation. For Foundation and Probation plot production, refer also to the plot requirements of Section 13. Land and crop inspection requirements for plot production are the same as for Foundation status crops For those growers who are not accredited by CSGA to grow Probation, Select or Foundation plots, and who plant crops with Breeder seed, CSGA reserves the right to determine the status of the crop and may issue a Certified crop certificate LAND REQUIREMENTS Open Pollinated Sunflower crops must not be grown on land which produced a crop of Sunflower in the previous year CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status Crop inspection should be made after the crop is at least 50 per cent in bloom and before it is fully matured. Foundation and Certified Production of Open-Pollinated Sunflower 16-1

152 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Open-Pollinated Sunflower crops must be isolated by a distance of 805 meters (2640 feet) from other varieties, strains, hybrids, non-pedigreed crops of the same kind, volunteer Sunflower or wild annual Sunflower. Isolation distance between oil types, non-oil types and wild annual Helianthus species must be at least 1610 meters (5280 feet). b) A distance of 3 meters (10 feet) must be provided from a crop of Open-Pollinated Sunflower planted with Foundation or Certified seed of the same variety. c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards a) The maximum standard allowed is (0.5%), 50 plants per 10,000 plants of inspected crop, of other varieties or clearly distinguishable off-types. Variants may be specified by the responsible Breeder and are not considered impurities unless reported in excess of the acceptable level specified. Foundation and Certified Production of Open-Pollinated Sunflower 16-2

153 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 16.2 PRODUCTION OF HYBRID SUNFLOWER In this Section: Hybrid Sunflower includes all varieties of Hybrid Sunflower (Helianthus annus). Sunflower includes all Sunflower species (Helianthus spp.). Regulations for production of Open Pollinated Sunflower (Helianthus annus) are in Section Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations SEED CLASSES AND GENERATIONS The number of official pedigreed classes is determined by the Breeder of the variety and normally Foundation parental material is planted to produce Certified hybrid crops Foundation seed: limited to one generation Certified seed: limited to one generation LAND REQUIREMENTS Hybrid Sunflower crops must not be grown on land which in the previous year grew a non-pedigreed crop of Sunflower or a different variety of Sunflower CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status A first crop inspection shall be made during early bloom stage and a second crop inspection shall be made at full bloom stage CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) Hybrid Sunflower crops for Foundation or Registered status must be isolated by a distance of 400 meters (1312 feet) from other varieties of Hybrid Sunflower or from a non-pedigreed crop of Hybrid Sunflower. Production of Hybrid Sunflower

154 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev b) Hybrid Sunflower crops for Certified status must be isolated by a distance of 200 meters (656 feet) from other varieties of Hybrid Sunflower or from a non-pedigreed crop of Hybrid Sunflower. c) The required isolation must be provided prior to the time of flowering and crop inspection Weeds a) All crops for pedigree must be free of Prohibited noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards The maximum impurity levels outlined in Table apply, unless variants are specified by the responsible Breeder. Table : Maximum Impurity Standards Maximum Permitted Impurity in each class Foundation Registered Certified Other varieties of Sunflower 1 per 1,000 plants 1 per 1,000 plants 1 per 1,000 plants SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS Flowering At least 50 percent of the male parent plants must be flowering and producing pollen when the female parent is in full bloom. Female plants flowering and shedding pollen, before the male parent plants are shedding pollen, must be removed Roguing In Foundation crops of parental materials, to be used for the production of Certified hybrids and in the male rows of Certified hybrid crops, all off-type plants must be removed before any cross pollination has occurred. Production of Hybrid Sunflower

155 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 17 CROPS OF CARROT, MANGEL, SUGAR BEET, AND RUTABAGA (TURNIP) Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations CLASSES, GENERATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS Breeder: under the control of the Breeder Foundation: the progeny of Breeder. One generation Registered: the progeny of Breeder or Foundation. One generation Certified: the progeny of Breeder, Foundation or Registered. One generation LAND REQUIREMENTS Foundation, Registered and Certified crops must be established on land which did not produce a crop the previous year which would naturally cross pollinate with the seed crop CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status First inspection shall be made at the time the roots are mature and ready to be taken up for storage Second inspection shall be made at blossom time in the second year. Crops of Carrot, Mangel, Sugar Beet, and Rutabaga (Turnip) 17-1

156 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) A crop for pedigreed status must be isolated from crops or plants that are a source of contamination through cross pollination by the distances in Table b) Isolation distances must be provided before flowering commences and prior to crop inspection. Table : Minimum Isolation Distances Required Crop Kind Carrot Mangel Rutabaga (Turnip) Sugar Beet Isolation Distances Required 400 meters (1312 feet) 400 meters (1312 feet) Sources of Contamination by Cross Pollination a) Bolters among roots being produced for field or vegetable purposes within the specified isolation distance will cross with a seed crop. A careful examination on two or three occasions during the blooming period should be made and all bolters removed. b) Wild Carrot, wild forms of the Cruciferae family, and Wild Radish will cross with cultivated forms. c) Mangel will cross with other Mangel varieties, Sugar Beet and the Garden Beet. d) Rutabaga (Turnip) will cross with other Swede varieties, Swede-like Rape, Swedelike Kale, Turnip-like Rape, Bird Seed Rape, Chinese Cabbage, Tori Rape and Chinese or Indian Mustard. e) Carrot will cross with other varieties of Carrot including the garden varieties and the Wild Carrot Weeds a) All crops for pedigree should be free of Prohibited and Primary noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Type and Purity Purity shall consist of morphological similarity in the following respects: a) Colour: red, rose, green, bronze, purple, white and the various shades of each of these individual colours. Yellow shall include the various shades of orange, yellow, and combinations of the two. b) Shape: unless definitely stated, type shall be determined by the ratio of length to depth in ground, the standards for which are herein stated for each general type. Where variety differentiations within the types outlined are based on definitely described peculiarities or shape, the variety described shall conform to the described shape to the extent designated by the purity requirements. Crops of Carrot, Mangel, Sugar Beet, and Rutabaga (Turnip) 17-2

157 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table : Range of Types and Limits for Shape Mangel Length-Width Ratio Length-Depth Ratio Type Average Range Average Range Long Half Long Intermediate Ovoid Globe Tankard Rutabaga (Turnip) Length-Width Ratio Length-Depth Ratio Type Average Range Average Range Round Flat Ovoid Tankard Maximum Impurity Standards a) The standard of purity required for eligibility of varieties of rutabaga (turnip) and mangels, expressed in percentage of roots within the ranges in Table shall be 90% free from definite off-types. b) All type determinations shall be made when the roots have reached (as nearly as practicable) the limits of growth for that year. c) Obvious immature roots shall not be included for shape determinations. d) All varieties of field roots to be eligible for pedigreed status must be reasonably free from prongs, multiple crown or undesirable characteristics. Crops of Carrot, Mangel, Sugar Beet, and Rutabaga (Turnip) 17-3

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159 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 18 In this Section: Type includes burley, flue-cured, and dark. CROPS OF TOBACCO Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations CLASSES, GENERATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS Breeder: under the control of the Breeder Certified: the progeny of Breeder. One generation PROPAGATION REQUIREMENTS Each variety should be grown in a separate greenhouse Greenhouses must be kept free of plants after the completion of the transplanting season Greenhouses must be thoroughly sterilized before seeding Breeder seed Seed plots must be managed to produce as uniform a stand as possible Selection of seed plants must be completed within 10 days of first flowering LAND REQUIREMENTS A Tobacco crop for certification must be planted on land which did not produce a Tobacco or Industrial Hemp crop the previous year CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined, usually at flower bud stage or later. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status At least three inspections should be made: one of the seedbed and two of the seed plot. Crops of Tobacco 18-1

160 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CROP STANDARDS Isolation There are different types of tobacco (i.e. burley, flue-cured and dark) and isolation between varieties of the different types shall be least 1320 feet. Between varieties of the same type of tobacco, isolation must be provided as prescribed below. a) Self-Pollinated Varieties Fields producing any class of seed shall be separated by any one of the following methods: 1. isolation of at least 150 feet 2. protected from cross pollination by bagging prior to pollen shedding 3. separated by four rows of male-sterile tobacco not to be used for seed purposes 4. in fields where two or more self pollinated varieties of the same type are grown side by side, four rows of each variety, between the two varieties, shall be allowed to bloom and set seed, but shall not be harvested for seed 5. isolation between varieties of different types shall be least 1320 feet. b) Parents for Producing Hybrids Female parental variety refers to the male sterile variety being used as the female parent of a hybrid; and pollen-producing parent refers to the male fertile parent of a hybrid (i.e. self-pollinating variety). 1. Male Fertile (Pollen Producing Parent). These varieties shall adhere to one of the following isolation requirements: a) Varieties producing pollen of the same type shall be separated by at least 50 feet. b) Protected from cross pollination by bagging. c) Separated by four rows of male-sterile tobacco not to be used for seed purposes. d) In fields where two or more self pollinated varieties of the same type are grown side by side, four rows of each variety, between the two varieties, shall be allowed to bloom and set seed, but shall not be harvested for seed. 2. Male Sterile. These varieties shall adhere to the following isolation requirements: a) Varieties of the same type shall be isolated from all the pollen. b) Male sterile varieties of the same type require no isolation from each other. c) Different types of male sterile varieties must be separated by at least 660 feet. d) Male sterile varieties and pollinators of different types must be separated by at least 1320 feet Maximum Impurity Standards a) All off-type and diseased plants and other varieties should be rogued and removed from the seed plot and destroyed before flowering. b) A crop must be reasonably free of weeds SPECIAL PROVISIONS No limit is placed on the number of Tobacco varieties a member may produce Seed from a Certified crop will be verified for varietal or strain purity, yield, quality and freedom from disease when considered necessary by the CSGA When bagging plants, all open flowers should be removed before the bag is placed on the Head, and all damaged bags should be replaced immediately. Crops of Tobacco 18-2

161 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev SECTION 19 CROPS OF VEGETABLES Section 1, Regulations for All Pedigreed Seed Crops, together with the following, constitute the production regulations CLASSES, GENERATIONS AND REQUIREMENTS Breeder: under the control of the Breeder Foundation: the progeny of Breeder and limited to one generation Registered: the progeny of Breeder or Foundation seed and seed produced for Registered status from biennial plants grown under conditions which do not permit inspection at the marketable stage shall be demoted to Certified Certified: the progeny of Breeder, Foundation or Registered and limited to one generation LAND REQUIREMENTS Foundation, Registered and Certified crops must be established on land which did not produce a crop the previous year which would naturally cross pollinate with the seed crop CROP INSPECTION The basic standards for all crops are set out in Section 1.7. In addition, the following apply to crops in this section: It is the grower s responsibility to ensure that crops are inspected by an authorized inspector prior to swathing or harvesting A crop that is cut, swathed or harvested prior to crop inspection is not eligible for pedigree The crop must be inspected at a stage of growth when varietal purity is best determined. Crops not inspected at the proper stage for best determining varietal purity may be cause for declining pedigreed status For Hybrid Sweet Corn, a minimum of three inspections shall be made to determine that requirements for isolation, planting, detasselling, weed control and harvesting have been carried out in accordance with the regulations for Hybrid Field Corn in Section 8. Crops of Vegetables 19-1

162 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table : Stages of Growth for Crop Inspection Crop Asparagus Bean, Dwarf and Pole Bean, Broad and Lima Beet, Celeriac, Parsnip Broccoli, Brussel Sprout Cabbage, Cauliflower, Celery, Parsley Cucumber, Pickling and Table Leek, Swiss Chard Lettuce Onion Parsley Pea Radish Spinach Tomato Eggplant, Pepper Corn, Open-pollinated Sweet Citron, Muskmelon (Cantaloupe), Pumpkin, Squash, Vegetable Marrow, Watermelon Vegetable Soybean Stage of Growth for Crop Inspection First inspection: not sooner than 10 days after cutting has been discontinued. Second inspection: prior to blooming time. One inspection to be made at the marketable stage. Where inspection for disease is required, it shall be made just prior to ripening. One inspection to be made at green shell stage. First inspection: about the time the roots are mature and ready to be taken up for storage. Second inspection: blooming time in the second year. First inspection: marketable stage. Second inspection: blooming time. First inspection: marketable stage. Second inspection: when fruits are mature. First inspection: marketable stage. Second inspection: blooming time in the second year. First inspection: marketable stage. Second inspection: late bloom or early seed setting stage. First inspection: field-run mature bulbs. Second inspection: blooming time in the second year. First inspection: marketable stage. Second inspection: during bloom. First inspection: blooming stage. Second inspection: when crop has reached early edible stage. First inspection: edible stage. Second inspection: when crop is in bloom. First inspection: marketable stage. Second inspection: when crop is in bloom. One inspection to be made when the crop is in full fruit. One inspection to be made at the marketable stage. First inspection: edible stage. Second inspection: when the seed is mature in the ear. One inspection to be made when in full fruit. One inspection to be made just prior to maturity CROP STANDARDS Isolation a) A crop for pedigreed status must be separated from crops or plants that are a source of contamination through cross pollination by the distances given in Table b) Isolation distances must be provided before flowering commences and prior to crop inspection. Crops of Vegetables 19-2

163 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Table : Minimum Isolation Distances Required Crop Kind Beet, Swiss Chard Asparagus, Broccoli, Brussel Sprout, Cabbage, Cauliflower, Citron, Cucumber, Leek, Muskmelon, Onion, Parsley, Parsnip, Pumpkin, Radish, Squash, Vegetable Marrow, Watermelon Celeriac, Celery, Spinach Eggplant, Pepper Tomato Bean, Lettuce, Pea *Hybrid Sweet Corn *Sweet Corn Open-pollinated Isolation Distance Required 800 meters (2624 feet) 400 meters (1312 feet) 200 meters (660 feet) 45 meters (150 feet) 30.5 meters (100 feet) 7.6 meters (25 feet) 300 meters (990 feet) with at least four border rows of pollen parent plants around all sides of the crop 400 meters (1320 feet) with at least four border rows of the same pollen parent plants around all sides of the crop *The corn from border rows, male rows and rejected parts of the field must not be mixed with the seed presented for pedigreed status Prevention of Disease and Varietal Contamination a) The minimum required isolation distances of 7.6 meters (25 feet) to 45 meters (150 feet) are not sufficient to prevent the spread of many diseases. Wherever possible a separation of at least 90 meters (300 feet) should be provided for pedigreed seed crops of Bean, Eggplant, Lettuce, Pepper, Tomato, and Pea from other crops susceptible to same diseases. b) Care must be taken to prevent varietal contamination of pedigreed seed crops, which may occur by: (i) volunteer plants of the same kind or species; (ii) cultivars of the same family or genus but of a different kind; (iii) a different variety of the same kind Rogues and Bolters a) Rogue plants of all types must be removed as soon as they show in the crop. In certain vegetable crops this may mean frequent examination of the growing crop and the removal of rogue plants at three or four different times. b) A strict watch must be maintained at all times to prevent cross-pollination from bolters amongst adjacent root crops grown for seed or commercial vegetable production. A careful examination on two or three occasions during the blooming period should be made of crops growing within the specified isolation distance and the bolters removed. Crops of Vegetables 19-3

164 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Disease a) A strict watch must be maintained for disease at all periods of seed crop production. b) When seed treatment is required, the producer should treat all seed before planting to control the spread of seed borne diseases. c) The presence of disease in the crop or seed should be reported immediately to the nearest plant pathologist for advice on treatment to control the disease. d) Diseased plants removed must be immediately destroyed Weeds a) All crops for pedigree should be free of Prohibited and Primary Noxious weeds. b) Very weedy crops may be declined pedigreed status Maximum Impurity Standards a) For other than OECD certification, the maximum standards for impurities of pedigreed vegetable seed crops shall be those standards established by the Association of Official Seed Certifying Agencies (AOSCA). For more information, refer to Crops of Vegetables 19-4

165 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev APPENDIX A DOCUMENTS In this Appendix: Documents that are used in pedigreed seed crop certification are described in Appendix A of the CSGA Regulations and Procedures for Pedigreed Seed Crop Production (Circular 6). These documents are available from the CSGA s website at: or the CSGA office at the address below, by phone ( ), and fax ( ). A.1 Application for Crop Inspection and Membership in CSGA (Form 100) or e-version(s) A.2 Report of Seed Crop Inspection (CFIA Form 1115) or CSGA e-version(s) A.3 Report of Plot Production (Form 50) A.4 Authorizations to Assign Crop Certificate (Forms 179 and 179A) A.5 Crop Certificate and Seed Disposal Record A.6 Application to Commence Probation Plot Production (Form 154) A.7 Official Seed Tags A.8 Appeal (Form 200) A.9 Land Use Verification Prior to Planting (Form 101) A.10 Declaration of Percent Hybrid Seed (Form 180) A.11 Demotion of Breeder Seed Application (Form 45) A.12 Application for Breeder Seed Crop Certificate and Certification Eligibility (Form 43) A.13 Variety Certification Eligibility Application (Form 300) A.14 Refuge Declaration (Form 182) A.15 Authorization to Release Personal Information on CSGA Website (Form 111) A.16 Recertification Application (Form 210) A.17 Authorization to Submit an Application and Assign Crop Certificates (Form 175) A.18 Isolation Verification (Form 102) A.1 APPLICATION FOR CROP INSPECTION AND MEMBERSHIP IN CSGA Each spring, the CSGA sends Applications for Crop Inspection and Membership in the CSGA to growers who applied to the CSGA the previous year for crop inspection. Additional forms are available from CSGA at the address below, by phone ( ), fax ( ), or from the CSGA s website at: Crops for pedigreed status shall be grown according to the CSGA s Canadian Regulations and Procedures for Pedigreed Crop Production Circular 6. Copies of Circular 6 are available from the CSGA office or website at: The standing field crop is inspected by authorized seed crop inspectors on behalf of the CSGA. The CSGA appraises the crop inspection report prepared by the inspector and if all requirements are met, pedigreed status is granted and an official crop certificate is issued. Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 1

166 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Please ensure that the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership is completed before submitting it to the CSGA by the deadline dates. April 25 th - Winter canola/rapeseed May 25 th - Fall seeded cereals June 10 th - Forages, flax, canola, mustard, corn and field peas June 20 th - All other crops July 10 th - Field beans, buckwheat and soybeans Membership and crop inspection fees are submitted with the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership and are payable to: Canadian Seed Growers Association. By post to: Canadian Seed Growers' Association Box 8455 Ottawa, Ontario K1G 3T1 By courier to: Canadian Seed Growers' Association 240 Catherine St., Suite 202 Ottawa, Ontario K2P 2G8 Application forms are also available from the CSGA website at: A.2 REPORT OF SEED CROP INSPECTION (CFIA Form 1115) The decision to grant pedigreed status to an inspected crop rests solely with the CSGA. This decision is based on the CSGA s appraisal of the crop s compliance with their regulatory requirements. CSGA s appraisal requires the information on the crop inspection report prepared by an authorized crop inspector and other information which may be provided by the grower. The inspector is responsible for completion of the crop inspection report. The inspector does not make a decision on the status of the crop. Once the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership is received by the CSGA, a preprinted Report of Seed Crop Inspection (also called crop inspection report ) is created for each field. Data from the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership and the crop inspection report form for each field is sent to the authorized crop inspector. The Report of Seed Crop Inspection for each pedigreed seed crop is completed at the time of inspection by an authorized crop inspector. Much of the information for the Report of Seed Crop Inspection comes from the application for crop inspection which the grower completes. Accuracy in completing the application reduces the risk of additional information being required by the CSGA, which delays the issuance of a crop certificate. The Report of Seed Crop Inspection is forwarded to the CSGA as soon as possible and to the grower. The completed Report of Seed Crop Inspection is appraised by the CSGA. A Crop Certificate, a request for further information or a decline letter is issued based on the CSGA s appraisal. The CSGA s appraisal of the Report of Seed Crop Inspection considers all certification requirements of the crop. If the crop does not meet the requirements outlined in the Canadian Regulations and Procedures for Pedigreed Seed Crop Production (Circular 6), the crop will be declined pedigreed status. Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 2

167 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev The onus is on the grower to ensure, prior to the time of inspection, that the crop meets the standards established by the CSGA. Growers should carefully review the completed Report of Seed Crop Inspection for accuracy and compliance with CSGA s requirements. If growers have any questions concerning the crop inspection report, they should contact the CSGA as soon as possible, and/or call to arrange a reinspection if necessary. The letters below correspond to the following example of the CFIA Report of Seed Crop Inspection form. Examples of CSGA e-versions of this report are available online or from the CSGA office. A. This section is pre-printed by the CSGA and verified by the inspector. The Grower Number and Sequence Number are assigned to each crop report by the CSGA. Refer to these numbers when contacting the CSGA. The Crop Code is determined by the CSGA. It identifies the variety, usually the first two and last two letters of the variety name, e.g., SURB for Superb; and the kind code, e.g., W for wheat. B. Estimated yield. This may only be given in general terms and should not be used for other purposes. C. Crop Certificate number last issued is only for perennial crops. D. Company. The assignee s name should appear here if the crop certificate is assigned and, if a perennial crop, a CSGA Form 179 was also submitted with the Application for Crop Inspection. E. Crop Location. This is the legal land location or GPS coordinates of the inspected crop. F. Plot area. The perimeter of plots is measured in meters. G. Year sown is used only for perennial crops. H. Crop Certificate, Seed Sealing, Class. The inspector verifies the pedigreed seedlot identity numbers recorded from a grower s own crop certificate, seedlot sealing tags, or bulk seed certification documentation. The grower must keep the parent seed tags or certification documents until a crop certificate is received. The grower may be asked to send the tags or proof of parent seed identity to the CSGA. The inspector may attach one tag of each different imported seedlot to the CSGA copy of the report. Tags must be kept for the full seed crop life or age of stand of a perennial crop. I. Number of Tags Checked by the crop inspector. J. Previous Land Use. The inspector verifies and records previous land use information. The variety and the crop certificate number issued for the pedigreed crop(s) harvested in previous year(s) must be included. Do not record the pedigree of the seed sown in previous years. Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 3

168 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev K. Isolation. It is important for growers to provide isolation for pedigreed seed crops throughout the growing season. The inspector records the isolation of the crop as it appears at the time of the crop inspection, including distance between the crop for inspection and adjacent crops, condition of the isolation strip and a description of adjacent crops and land use. L. Uniformity of Stand, General Appearance, General Weed Condition, Disease. These are recorded to provide a description to the CSGA appraiser of what the crop generally looks like and of specific seed borne disease symptoms. M. The inspector records incidence of specified objectionable weeds in the crop. Very weedy crops and/or crops containing Prohibited or Primary Noxious weeds may be declined pedigreed status. N. Off-Types or Other Varieties. The inspector counts the number of off-types, variants and other varieties in the crop on the basis of random selections of a specific population size within the crop. Refer to the maximum impurity standards for each crop kind. O. The inspector determines the number of plants of other crop kinds or weeds, the seeds of which may be difficult to separate from the inspected crop. This is done on the basis of random selections of a specific population size within the crop. Refer to the impurity standards for each crop kind. Note: The information in Items N and O is used to determine the contamination in the crop. If contamination is in excess of the CSGA s standards, the crop may be declined pedigreed status. P. Inspector s additional comments. The inspector may provide more details on any required information. R. The date of the inspection and the inspector s identification number. The inspector also signs the crop inspection report. Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 4

169 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev REPORT OF SEED CROP INSPECTION (CFIA Form 1115) Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 5

170 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev A.3 REPORT OF PLOT PRODUCTION (Form 50) The Report of Plot Production is completed by growers of Probation, Foundation and Select plots. This report supports the grower in maintaining plot records and provides the Breeder and/or distributor with information on performance and characteristics of the variety. Seed samples from each plot are required for official variety verification audit testing. An instruction letter concerning the seed sample submission accompanies the Report of Plot Production (Form 50). A.4 AUTHORIZATION TO ASSIGN A CROP CERTIFICATE (Form 179 and 179A) An Authorization to Assign a Crop Certificate (Form 179) or an Annual Authorization to Assign Crop Certificates (Form 179A) authorizes the CSGA to issue a crop certificate to a party other than the grower of the crop. This is a contractual agreement to be signed by both parties. It is a legally binding document that is referenced in many seed production contracts and is provided by the CSGA as a service to both parties. An equivalent alternative document providing the same information is acceptable. This documentation should be submitted with the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership. Unless otherwise specified, the assignment covers a perennial forage crop for all the years that a crop is inspected for pedigreed status. If assignment authorization is not received, the CSGA has no legal authority to withhold issuance of crop certificates from growers of the crops that meet all certification requirements. It is therefore in the interest of contractors to ensure that certificate assignment authorizations have been signed by growers and forwarded to the CSGA prior to the issuance of the crop certificate. A.5 CSGA CROP CERTIFICATE The Crop Certificate issued by CSGA is the official legal document designating that pedigreed status has been granted to the crops identified on the certificate. It is issued to the grower of the crop provided that all requirements established by the Canadian Regulations and Procedures for Pedigreed Seed Crop Production (Circular 6) of the CSGA have been met. Growers may assign Crop Certificates to another party using the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership or CSGA Form 179A, and, for perennial crops, the CSGA Form 179. The letters below correspond to the following example Crop Certificate. Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 6

171 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev EXAMPLE: Year crop was produced 6 Province in which the crop was grown Growers number 2 Class of seed 01 Number assigned by CSGA 0 = Pre-Variety Germplasm 5 = Breeder 6 = Select 1 = Foundation 2 = Registered 3 = Select Synthetic/Composite 4 = Certified 8 = Recertified 9 = Certified 2 nd Generation under OECD Seed Schemes 0 = International 1 = Prince Edward Island 2 = Nova Scotia 3 = New Brunswick 4 = Québec 5 = Ontario 6 = Manitoba 7 = Saskatchewan 8 = Alberta 9 = British Columbia A. Crop Certificate number a 12-digit number representing the pedigree of the crop(s). B. Grown by. The name(s) and address(es) of Applicant as indicated on the Application for Crop Inspection. These will be the only name(s) on the certificate unless the certificate has been assigned to another party. C. If the Crop Certificate has been assigned to another party, the assigned name and address appears here. The Crop Certificate will be sent to the Assignee and notification to the applicant. D. The Crop Season. The year in which the crop was grown. E. Date issued. The date the Crop Certificate was issued by the CSGA. F. Variety of the crop covered by the Crop Certificate. G. Kind of the crop covered by the Crop Certificate. H. Status. The pedigreed class of the crop listed on the Crop Certificate. I. Field Number and Area. This section includes the field number and area for each field covered by the Crop Certificate. The unique sequence number from the Report of Seed Crop Inspection is provided for traceability. More than one field of the same variety and status can be included on one Crop Certificate. J. Total Area. The total acreage covered by the Crop Certificate. K. Additional Information/Comments. This section of the Crop Certificate may contain an important message relating to the seed harvested from the pedigreed crops specified. Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 7

172 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev A.5 SEED DISPOSAL RECORD The bottom and reverse side of the Crop Certificate provides information regarding disposal of the seed harvested from a pedigreed crop. L. The total quantity of seed harvested from the pedigreed crop(s) listed must be entered by the grower of the crop, together with the signature of the grower or the signature of the Crop Certificate assignee if the assignee has received a signed declaration of quantity harvested from the grower. M. Seed Disposal. This section is completed to indicate the quantities and identification of each lot of seed graded, labelled (or tagged) by the Registered Seed Establishment (or official inspector) as required by the federal Seeds Act and Regulations. Only one Crop Certificate is issued for a pedigreed seed crop, therefore this form should be returned to the grower of the seed after grading/labelling and other documentation have been completed. All details concerning grading and labelling of seed from these crops should be completed on this form. For additional information, contact the Canadian Seed Institute (CSI) or the Plant Products Directorate of the CFIA. Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 8

173 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev CSGA CROP CERTIFICATE Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 9

174 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 10

175 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev A.6 APPLICATION TO COMMENCE PROBATION PLOT PRODUCTION (Form 154) To produce Foundation and Select status plots, seed growers must be accredited by the CSGA as Foundation or Select plot growers, by completing a period of Probation plot production (Refer to Sections 12 and 13). The Application to Commence Probation Plot Production is the grower s request to the CSGA to start Probation plot production. The Application to Commence Probation Plot Production (Form 154) should be submitted to the CSGA prior to March 31 for spring seeded crops and prior to July 31 for fall seeded crops. Breeder seed is obtained directly from the organization responsible for the variety. A.7 OFFICIAL SEED TAGS Official seed tags, labels and other forms containing official certification marks are very important documents. These provide officially recognized third-party verification that indicates the variety, kind, class and grade, crop certificate number and seed sealing certificate and lot numbers. All tags or official certification documents that identity parent seed must be kept by the grower for verification by the authorized crop inspector and/or the CSGA office. This includes Breeder, Select, Foundation, Registered, bulk, Interagency, OECD and foreign certification tags. When applying for pedigreed crop inspection, include the parent seed identity information from the tags on the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership (Appendix A.1). If seed used to plant a pedigreed crop is labelled with an Interagency or OECD tag (Figures 4 and 5, below), attach one tag to the Application for Crop Inspection and Membership. Sample tags are shown on the following pages (Figures 1 9). The lettered areas on the sample tags provide the following information: A. Class of Pedigreed Seed. B. Crop Kind. C. Variety. D. Grade and Class of Seed (as designated by the Canada Seeds Act). E. Crop Certificate Number (taken from the Crop Certificate, A.5). F. Seed Sealing Number (issued by CFIA or an Authorized Establishment on each distinct lot of seed which has been graded). G. Lot Number (the seed processor s identification number for the seed). H. Origin of the seed (Figures 6, 7 and 8). I. Name of institution or company (Figure 1). J. Signature of Plant Breeder or agent (Figure 1). K. Name of grower (Figure 2). L. Percentage of germination and date of test (Figure 2). M. Signature of grower (Figure 2). Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 11

176 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 12

177 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Figure 7 Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 13

178 CIRCULAR 6 / Rev Figure 8 Figure 9 Appendix A - Documents Appendix A - 14