Climate smart aquaculture (CSAq): Experience from Vietnam

Transcription

1 Blue Economy Forum 2017 Bangkok, Nov, 2017 Climate smart aquaculture (CSAq): Experience from Vietnam Dr. Cao Le Quyen Vietnam Institute of Fisheries Economics and Planning (VIFEP)

2 Source: Annual Reports of Former MoFi ( ); Annual Reports of D-FISH ( ) Fish production trend & projection Aquaculture Total capture Capture for human consumption Mt Fish at Global scale Source: OECD-FAO Agricultural Outlook OECD Aquaculture Capture Linear (Aquaculture) Fish in Vietnam

3 Global Climate change (CC) scenarios Source: IPCC (2014)

4 Source: Badjeck et al. (2010) & Kam at al. (2010) CC Impact pathway on fisheries & aquaculture

5 Overview of Climate Smart Agriculture CSA FAO 2010, CSA Alliance (2014), FAO Success Stories on Climate-smart Agriculture (2014): integrated approach with three key pillars: Mitigation CSA Adaptation Productivity & income increase Create synergies between food security, adaptation and climate change mitigation Main objective: Pathway towards enhanced food security and development goals ALL AGRICULTURAL SECTORS (including fisheries/aquaculture)

6 Climate smart aquaculture (CSAq) 1. System approach 2. At farm Smart seeds Smart management practice Smart site selection &zoning 3. Land scape CLIMATE SMART AQUACULT URE Smart business &entreprene urship Smart aquafeeds Smart facility &system integration 4. And along value chains Source: Nhuong Tran, Quyen Cao, Tu Trinh & Khoi Le (2017)

7 Climate Smart Aquaculture- CSAq in Vietnam CSA is a potential approach to apply in: Integrated aquaculture systems: shrimp, fish, seaweed, crab,...; Shrimp-rice systems; Rice-fish; Shrimp-mangrove; Mollusc mangrove; Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS); Others.

8 Integrated aquaculture system approaches Rice and shrimp culture in Mekong delta Tilapia +shrimp + seaweed culture in North Central Coast

9 Integrated shrimp-tilapia-seaweed in North Central Coast. Vietnam Join initiatives between CCAFS, WorldFish and VIFEP: ; 2015: Enhancing community resilience to CC by promoting CSAq magt practices along coastal areas of North Central Coast; 2016: CSAq s evidence & potentials for scaling out

10 Rationales for CSAq intervention in North Central Coast Shrimp Mud-crab Seaweed Tilapia Seaweed Monthly changes in temp. and salinity in Hoang Phong aqua. area

11 CSA demonstration - Integrated system: Tilapia, shrimp, seaweed, crab. - Trialed 5 CSA farms (2015) 40 farms (2016) 122 farms (2017) - Evidence and potentials for scaling out.

12 PROJECT RESULTS

13 Food security - Diversify HH s income, productivity, cost efficiency - Available fish for local consumption Tiger shrimp Mud crab Non-CSA: orange CSA: blue Tilapia Seaweed Other CSAq Evidences Adaptation/ Resilience Increase HH resilience by creating sustainable income sources even if shrimp crop fail. Criteria Total revenue (TR) CSA group Non-CSA-group CSA group N=51 Non CSA group N= Total cost (TC) Fixed cost Variable cost Profit (TR-TC) B/C Mitigation - Reduce pellet feed use in tilapia culture with FCR: Wild weeds & wastes in shrimp pond removed by tilapia; - Reduced other inputs: feed, seed, chemical, medicine, labour, Yield (kg/ha) Species CSA group Non CSA group Tiger shrimp Mud crab Tilapia Seaweed Total

14 Co-benefits - Pond environment improvement: Tilapia make use of waste from pond -> reduce disease risk for shrimp. - Improve productivity of seaweed & tilapia: - Tilapia also clean wild weeds & mosses in pond -> promote growth of seaweeds - Wild weeds and mosses are eaten by tilapia reduce FCR for tilapia & promote its growth CSA Evidences

15 Constraints in CSAq scaling-up Smart markets: Difficulties in market uptakes for CSAq seafoods; Smart seeds (tilapia, shrimp...); Smart pellet feeds; Smart local capacities: local Aqua. Cooperative and local farmers; Smart linkages between Cooperative and seed/feed suppliers. CSA technical guidelines in agriculture, not details for aquaculture. Website CSA in Vietnam MARD: /home.aspx

16 Re-enforce evidences of CSA system feasibility in North Coastal Central of Vietnam; Establish marketing linkages between CSA farmers with input supplying and processing enterprises; Develop and disseminate Technical Guidelines for CSA practices in the region; Ways forward

17 Establish Revolving Fund for local Cooperative to provide smart inputs; Establish Micro Finance Fund for local Women Union to support in input supplying and product marketing; Scaling up CSAq to about local HHs in Central Coastal Region; CSAq branding/labeling. Ways forward (cont.)

18 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION! More information, contact at: Cao Le Quyen, PhD Vietnam Institute of Fisheries Economics and Planning (VIFEP)