Lawns. Background. Background. Background. Background. Background 2/26/2018

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1 Background Master of Science (2003 to 2006) Crop and Soil Science Turfgrass Management Leaf litter disposal as an organic weed control method Lawns Alec Kowalewski Turfgrass Specialist Oregon State University Background Ph.D. (2006 to 2010) Crop and Soil Science Turfgrass Management Cost effective athletic field renovation process Background Operational Consultant 2008 Olympic Games Beijing, China Background August 2010 to Dec 2012 Assistant Professor Environmental Horticulture Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College Tifton, GA Background Summer employment University of Georgia Turfgrass Breeding Program Research Scientist 1

2 Background Dec 2012 Turfgrass Specialist Oregon State University Lawns Alec Kowalewski Turfgrass Specialist Oregon State University Reduced surface runoff Reduced surface runoff Enhances water recharge 2

3 Reduced surface runoff Enhances water recharge Carbon sequestration Reduced surface runoff Enhances water recharge Carbon sequestration Temperature moderation Reduced surface runoff Enhances water recharge Carbon sequestration Temperature moderation Line of sight Reduced surface runoff Enhances water recharge Carbon sequestration Temperature moderation Line of sight Fire barrier Reduced surface runoff Enhances water recharge Carbon sequestration Temperature moderation Line of sight Fire barrier Recreation Lawns Primary Cultural Practices Fertilization Irrigation Cultivation and inter-seeding Management of White clover 3

4 Primary Cultural Practices Primary Cultural Practices Fertilizing 3. Irrigation Primary Cultural Practices Primary Cultural Practices Turfgrass Turfgrass Primary Cultural Practices 4

5 Desired Height following 1/3 Rule 2/26/2018 Primary Cultural Practices Turfgrass MOWING The one-third rule 6 The one-third rule

6 The one-third rule Prevent scalping The one-third rule Prevent weed seed germination Scalping Causes a brown appearance Stops growth and development Depletes carbohydrates Makes turf susceptible to environmental stress Sunlight Sunlight 4 3 The one-third rule Prevent weed seed germination Raise your mowing height Adhere to the one-third rule Improve rooting Sunlight Sunlight 4 2 Raise your mowing height Prevent weed seed germination Sunlight Sunlight Raise your mowing height Raising the height from 1.5 to 3.0 Improved turfgrass quality Reduced weed populations Crabgrass cover by up to 52% Dandelion populations by up to 45% White clover by up to 58% 4 2 Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass and fine fescue mixture 6

7 Increase your mowing frequency Adhere to the one-third rule Increase turfgrass density Weed control Lambsquarter Ragweed Purslane Garlic mustard 35 days Increase your mowing frequency Adhere to the one-third rule Increase turfgrass density Weed control Lambsquarter Ragweed Purslane Garlic mustard 42 days Increase your mowing frequency Adhere to the one-third rule Increase turfgrass density Weed control Lambsquarter Ragweed Purslane Garlic mustard 49 days Weeds that indicate your mowing height is to low Annual bluegrass Crabgrass Dandelion Annual bluegrass Crabgrass MOWING 7

8 Fertilization Select a fertilizer designed for turfgrass Primary nutrient (N-P-K) High N Low P 10:1 FERTILIZATION Fertilization The holiday plan 3-5 lbs N 1000 ft2 year Memorial day lbs N 1000 ft2 4th of July lbs N 1000 ft2 Labor day lbs N 1000 ft2 Thanksgiving lbs 1000 ft2 Fertilization Fertilization The holiday plan Cool-season turfgrass species Kentucky bluegrass Perennial ryegrass Fine fescue Tall fescue 8

9 Fertilization Low fertility weeds include White clover Plantain Black medic White clover Black medic Plantain FERTILIZATION Irrigation Adjust your rates with the seasons Spring inch week Summer inch week Fall inch week IRRIGATION Irrigation Check your rates 20 minutes 0.1 inch 0.25 inch 0.5 inch 9

10 OSU Turf Program Conner Olsen M.S. Candidate ¼ applied 4 x week 1 applied once a week Irrigation Twice as much is not twice as good Moss September 1, The left photo is ¼ applied 4 x per week, and the right photo is 1 applied once a week starting July 4, Irrigation Twice as much is not twice as good Increased disease incidence Irrigation Twice as much is not twice as good Leaching pesticides and fertilizers Waste of water and money Dollar spot Pythium blight Brown patch Irrigation Irrigation Weeds associated with drought conditions Summer annuals Knotweed Wood sorrel Crabgrass Crabgrass Weeds associated with over irrigation Annual bluegrass Rough bluegrass Rough bluegrass Annual bluegrass Knotweed woodsorrel 10

11 MARCH 31 MOWED DAILY IRRIGATION AUG 21 MOWED DAILY CULTIVATION & INTER-SEEDING Cultivation What is your objective when cultivating the turfgrass? Cultivation Objectives Relive compaction Improves gas exchange and drainage Remove organic matter Decreases potential for disease Improves drainage Prepare for seeding Ensures seed to soil contact 11

12 Cultivation Cultivation Cultivation Non-selective pre-emergent herbicide. Applied in the spring. No inter-seeding. Cultivation Non-selective pre-emergent herbicide. Applied in the spring. No inter-seeding. Annual weeds Pre-emergent herbicides Non-selective Pendulum (a.i. pendimethalin) $54/54,000 sq ft Annual weeds Pre-emergent herbicides Non-selective Pendulum (a.i. pendimethalin) $54/54,000 sq ft Selective Tupersan (a.i. siduron) Tenacity (a.i. mesotrione) $98/54,000 sq ft Knotweed Summer annual Selective Tupersan (a.i. siduron) Tenacity (a.i. mesotrione) $98/54,000 sq ft Knotweed Summer annual Inter-seeding $1,440/54,000 sq ft 600 lbs Inter-seeding $1,440/54,000 sq ft 600 lbs Fall After 1 st frost Fall After 1 st frost Cultivation Non-selective pre-emergent herbicide. Applied in the spring. No inter-seeding. Inter-seeding Annual weeds Pre-emergent herbicides Non-selective Pendulum (a.i. pendimethalin) $54/54,000 sq ft Selective Tupersan (a.i. siduron) Tenacity (a.i. mesotrione) $98/54,000 sq ft Knotweed Summer annual Perennial ryegrass Growth habit Bunch type Germination 7 to 10 days Inter-seeding rate 8 to 11 lbs/1,000 sq ft Inter-seeding $1,440/54,000 sq ft 600 lbs Caution label, but not on low-pact list Fall After 1 st frost 12

13 CULTIVATION & INTER-SEEDING WEED MANAGEMENT Weed Management Common turf weeds 1. false dandelion 2. white clover White clover FALSE DANDELION Scouting and ID Perennial weed Spring seeding Drought tolerant Post emergence herbicides (curative) 3-way broadleaf herbicide Trimec Classic 2,4-D MCPP Dicamba Common dandelion Broadleaf plantain Sow thistle 13

14 Post emergence herbicides (curative) 3 or 4 -way broadleaf herbicide SpeedZone 2,4-D MCPP Dicamaba Carfentrazone Apply in the fall (October 4 = 10/4 Good Buddy) Common dandelion Broadleaf plantain Sow thistle Apply in the fall (October 4 = 10/4 Good Buddy) Follow up applications Apply and then apply again 2-4 weeks later FALSE DANDELION WHITE CLOVER 14

15 White clover White clover Perennial weed Nitrogen deficient soil White flower Circular leaves Post emergence herbicides (curative) Triclopyr Weed B Gone Chickweed Triclopyr and 2,4-D T Zone Triclopyr Sulfentrazone 2,4-D Dicamba White clover Chickweed English daisy Wild violet White clover Post emergence herbicides (curative) Triclopyr Weed B Gone Chickweed Triclopyr and 2,4-D T Zone Triclopyr Sulfentrazone 2,4-D Dicamba Nutsedge White clover Apply in the fall (October 4 = 10/4 Good Buddy) Apply and then apply again 2-4 weeks later Chickweed English daisy Wild violet WHITE CLOVER 15