Request for Quotation, Endline surveys for the West Africa Food Markets (WAFM) Programme

Transcription

1 Request for Quotation, Endline surveys for the West Africa Food Markets (WAFM) Programme Background to WAFM and to the assignment About Palladium Palladium is a global impact firm, working to link social progress and commercial growth. For the past 50 years, we've been helping our clients to see the world as interconnected - by formulating strategies, building partnerships, and implementing programs that have a lasting social and financial impact. We simply call this "Positive Impact". We work with corporations, governments, investors, communities, and civil society. With a global network operating in over 90 countries, Palladium is in the business of making the world a better place. The Challenge Fund grants The West Africa Food Markets Pilot Programme (WAFM) is a five-year DIFD-funded initiative implemented by the Palladium. It aims at increasing the availability of staple food and the purchasing power of farmers in Ghana, Burkina Faso, Niger and Nigeria, to improve their resilience to hunger and malnutrition during the regular hungry seasons and periodic shocks. The program relies on two complementary components to achieve this: 1. Challenge Fund: to provide grant to businesses to launch pro-poor innovative projects to increase staple food production, processing and marketing and enhance cross-border trade. 2. Policy Facility: to fund policy research and advocacy to catalyse policy and regulatory reform, tackling key barriers to cross-border trade in staple foods. The challenge funds grants are utilised by grantees towards the supply of new goods and services to smallholder farmers. For each grantee, a monitoring plan has been developed capturing both custom and donor required indicators as per the program LogFrame. Grantee s self-driven reporting system, has been recommended to monitor these metrics. Objectives of the baseline study conducted in 2017 The objective of the WAFM baseline was to identify the pre-grant production levels of staple foods reported by smallholder farmers supported by the Challenge Fund grantees, disaggregated by gender and by crops (maize, millet, sorghum, cassava/gari) across Burkina Faso, Ghana, Niger, and Nigeria. This was done in order to assess the conditions before smallholder farmers received support in terms of goods and services from the 1 / 9

2 grantees, providing thereby a benchmark against which to measure % increase in production levels attributable to this support. The approach used information on locations from existing WAFM internal data (beneficiary surveys) along with secondary data from LSMS. The baseline study had a particular focus on Outcome 2, Indicator 1 of DFID logframe: % annual change in production levels of staple foods (maize, millet, sorghum, cassava/gari) reported by grantee-supported smallholder farmers and disaggregated by gender, crop and country, for six grantees across the region: AFEX, Psaltry, FCMN, ETC, Kedan, and Nafaso. Using the results of the up-coming end line study, this will enable the programme to attribute changes in production for smallholder farmers to the grantees provision of goods and services for these six grantees. Approach to Endline Overall Approach to Endline Primary data will be collected at end line to ensure comparability with baseline data. A matched comparison methodology, followed by a difference-in-difference strategy, should then be applied to assess impact of support from challenge fund grantees. To achieve this, a propensity score matching, that matches treatment and comparison groups based on observed characteristics using statistical matching techniques (Jalan and Ravallion, 2000) is proposed. The propensity score is calculated with a probit estimator using a vector of covariates determining the likelihood of benefiting from grantee support. Using this score, the treatment group and a control group will be identified, given the observed characteristics from the data. Synthetic baseline data Y(t=0) should then be drawn from secondary data sources matched with WAFM grantee information on locations. The secondary data sources used were the Living Standards Measurement Survey-LSMS of the World Bank and the Ghana Living Standards Survey-GLS (where LSMS data is not available for the relevant time period). Sample Sizes for the Endline Using power calculation, target sample sizes have been drawn for the end line. This is done by sub-group of grantee-crops. Sample size calculations were based on the key indicator expected increase in yield. The expected increase was targeted at 0.3 to 0.5 i.e. 30% to 50% increase by assessing incoming grantee data on production and the secondary data. Therefore, Effect Size was set to be between Power was targeted at 0.8 (80%) with a confidence level of 5% (0.05 alpha), to detect a treatment-group mean of given a control-group mean of 1, assuming that the standard deviations of the two groups are both 1. Now, in repeated cross-sections, the correlation between repeated measures is likely to be reasonably high (for example, crop yields in each sub-group tend to increase by a similar amount or percentage). If we set this to (assessed from secondary data), performing an iteration for total sample size, we arrive at a minimum sample size of 9 to 30 farmers by sub-group, based on a two-sample paired-means test1. Accounting for any observations that may not match between end line and baseline, we worked out several scenarios for selecting optimal sample size. Of these, the optimal size of 100 for treatment and 125 for control was set as target sample size for each sub-group of grantee-crop 2. By setting a higher optimal size, we increase the likelihood of attaining a higher number of farmers in treatment and control. This calculation implied a size of 300 treatment and 375 control observations (675 total) for NAFASO in Burkina Faso and AFEX in Nigeria that focusses on three crops each. Targets for PFL and KEDAN in Ghana, FCMN in Niger, 1 We use POWER on STATA. 2 This was done with the aim of attaining at least 30 farmers in each treatment sub-group of grantee-crop and a higher number for the control group from the statistical matching after end line. 2 / 9

3 and PSALTRY in Nigeria were set at 100 treatment and 125 control observations each (total sample size of 225). Total target sample size by grantee is listed in 1 below. Table 1: Target Sample Size for End Line COUNTRY GRANTEE SAMPLE SIZE SAMPLE SIZE (Treatment & Control) Control Treatment Total Burkina Faso NAFASO Maize, Millet, Sorghum Ghana PFL Cassava KEDAN Maize Niger FCMN Sorghum Nigeria PSALTRY Cassava AFEX Maize*, Millet, Sorghum Notes: Based on power calculations that yield minimum sample size of 9-30 farmers by grantee-crop subgroup. Now accounting for any observations that may not match between end line and baseline, we pick up optimal sample sizes across all grantees. In AFEX, the main focus appears to be on Maize as so far no farmers were reported as growing the other crops. In addition, we assess statistical adequacy by grantee-gender. Target sample size at this level was informed by power calculations and the proportion of male to female farmers was reported by each grantee across relevant crops. Table 2 below summarizes grantee coverage by gender. This informs the final size targeted at the level of grantee-crop-gender. Table 2: Male and Female farmers by grantee and crop in grantee data Grantee Crop Total Male Female % Male % Female NAFASO Maize % 3.45% Sorghum % 6.67% Millet % 0% PFL Cassava % 49.93% KEDAN Maize % 10.02% FCMN Sorghum % 12.10% PSALTRY Cassava % 29.53% AFEX Maize % 15.58% Scope of work for the survey firm/s Palladium is seeking to hire 1 or more survey firm/s to support Palladium with the implementation of the survey in Ghana, Nigeria, Niger and Burkina Faso. Locations for treatment and control groups for each country are attached in Annex A. Palladium will provide a list of households for both groups, from which the survey firm should draw the sample. Objective and main tasks The overall objective of the assignment is to assist the WAFM-PMU to establish WAFM grantees endline. It is understood that, the survey will also provide opportunities to collect other quantitative data from the smallholder farmers (to be included in the questionnaire). Palladium will provide the firm/s with the study design, the questionnaire and the lists of farmers (control and treatment). The survey firm will lead on the data collection as per below Table 3. The data collection is expected to take place between November 2018 and January / 9

4 Table 3 Main tasks Pre-data collection Draw sample of smallholder farmers based on agreed frame and sampling approach Translation of questionnaire to local languages, accordingly Paper to tablet survey programming setup in close collaboration with Palladium. Logistical support for training and piloting Note Palladium is expected to conduct a 5 days training including piloting for the firm/s team. The firm/s should proactively suggest in their proposal the most efficient way to deliver the training (1 training for ToT, 1 training in each location, etc.). Data collection Collect data from smallholder farmers Conduct quality assurance during data collection process Report to team regularly and maintain regular contact. Post data collection Process the collected data Requirements and qualification for the survey firm/s The firm/s should have: - A strong understanding and experience of household survey instruments, with knowledge of units for reporting agricultural production - Data collection instruments including tablets/mobile phones - Fluency in the relevant local languages - Qualified key personnel able to successfully perform the assignment. Indicative key positions identified by Palladium to complete the assignment, including expected level of experience, are provided in Table 4 below. Table 4 indicative key positions Resources Roles/Tasks Qualification Field Manager General management and supervision, quality assurance At least 05 years in similar role in field research, survey -Bachelor degree in statistics, economics, project management, social sciences -Previous Field-work experience Field Supervisors Supervision of data collection and quality assurance -2/3 years experience in similar role -Bachelor s degree in relevant field (statistics, social science, etc.) -Previous field-work experience in Nigeria -Fluency in the main local languages Data cleaners and processors Post-Field: Data processing -Previous experience in data processing using relevant statistical package -Senior High School level 4 / 9

5 Resources Roles/Tasks Qualification Enumerators Field: Data collection -Previous experience in data collection -Senior High School level -Fluency in English and main local languages Application process Applicant should submit a technical and a financial to proposal including by 07 th October 2018 to luca.marchina@thepalladiumgroup.com with the title WAFM Endline survey application. For any request of clarification please write to luca.marchina@thepalladiumgroup.com. The technical proposal should be compiled based on the Annex B template. The financial proposal should be compiled based on Annex C template. 5 / 9

6 Annex A Locations Country Grantee Region Burkina Faso Nafaso Boucle du Mouhoun, Cascades, Centre-Ouest, Centre-Sud, Hauts-Bassins, Nord, Sahel, Sud-Ouest Ghana Kedan and PFL Ashanti, Broing Ahafo, Upper West Niger FCMN Tahoua, Tillabéri Nigeria Psaltry and Afex North East, North West, South West Please note that more details will be shared with the selected Firm/s 6 / 9

7 Annex B - Technical proposal Executive summary Half page maximum Firm capability Capability statement explaining the firm experience (1 page maximum) Firm previous experience conducting similar assignment Please compile the below table. Concentrate on the most relevant and recent 3 to 5 examples. Brief description of the assignment Client (name, referent person and contact) Amount ( ) Methodology and work-plan The firm should provide a clear description on: data collection methodology; team structure and distribution of responsibilities; workplan describing activities to be perform and time allocation. In case the firm apply for conducting the survey in more than one country it should clearly state how this will be perform (e.g. are there some savings in doing the survey in all the 4 countries? How you suggest doing the training? Are you using subcontractors?). If relevant please add 1 short paragraph explaining the process and cost to obtain the survey permit. CVs for each key personnel CV (maximum 2 pages for each CV) should include: - key experience and skills - professional experience - education - trainings - Language skills 7 / 9

8 Annex C Financial Proposal The financial proposal should be presented in an excel document. Sheet 1 Day allocation: Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3 Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 Activity 7 Activity 8 Activity 9 Activity 10 Total days Activities Days Allocation Position 1 Position 2 Position 3 Position 4 Position 5 Position 6 Instructions: List the Activities - they should be the same as per the workplan provided in the Technical Proposal Add the day allocation for each position. If more than 1 person per position, please record the total number of days Add or remove rows as needed Sheet 2 Day allocation: Fees Survey budget Position Brief role description fee rate ( ) days total ( ) Note Position Position Position Position Position Position Subtotal fees - Expenses Description Quantity Description unit cost ( ) quantity total ( ) Note Room for hire (training) 0.00 Lunch and tea breaks (training) 0.00 Stationary (training) 0.00 e.g. 1 car hired for 6 days during data Ground travel (car hire or other) collection x 4 countries Accommodation 0.00 Subsistence 0.00 Flights / 9

9 Communication allowance 0.00 Stationary (data collection) 0.00 Research permit 0.00 Subtotal expenses - Total - Instructions: Fee the days allocation should be consistent with Sheet 1. Please include the fee rate in. Expenses - provide a clear and detailed description of the quantity (see example). Use the note column if you want to provide specific comments to the budget lines. Add or remove row as needed. 9 / 9