Gregg R. Carlson, Agronomist - Havre

Transcription

1 PROJECT TITLE: PROJECT LEADER: PROJECT PERSONNEL: Hr Long-Term Small Grain Variety Performance Evaluation Under Mechanical or Chemical Fallow Conditions Off- Station in Northern Montana Counties. Gregg R. Carlson, Agronomist - Havre P.L. Bruckner, Breeder/Geneticist (WW) - Bozeman L.E. Talbert, Breeder/Geneticist (SW) - Bozeman T.K. Blake, Breeder/Geneticist (BLY) - Bozeman J.E. Berg, Research Associate (WW) - Bozeman S.P. Lanning, Research Associate (SW) - Bozeman P.F. Hensleigh, Research Associate (BLY) - Bozeman Cooperating County Extension Agents Cooperating Landowners OBJECTIVES: Diverse cropping environments exist within that five-county area most closely served by this Research Center (Blaine, Chouteau, Hill, Liberty, and Phillips counties). Winter and spring wheat, barley, and oat production together in the five counties represents 28% of the statewide total (38% and 30% for winter and spring wheat alone, respectively). Producers are keenly interested in variety performance data generated under local conditions. It is our objective, within budget and other resource limitations, to evaluate small grain variety performance, over time, under conditions representative of specific areas of Northern Montana yet differing from those of the Research Center at Havre. It is also our objective to develop and maintain databases which are not only specific to differing major crop environments, but which are further augmented by as much associated climatic and production management information as is practical and feasible to collect. Since 982 we have recorded and reported supportive information of this nature along with the crop performance data for each investigation. A new, standardized system was initiated in 995 for better management and dissemination of such `base data' in more detail than that provided previously. However, such `base data' for 200 is not included in this report as the information is yet pending final summarization due to a vacancy in NARC-Agronomy s technical support position throughout the 200 crop and data season. RESULTS: Data details for individual trials conducted from were included in respective previous annual reports, but long-term yield and test weight data from the past ten years are presented in abridged form for summary purposes here as applicable. For winter and spring wheat, selected variety performance comparisons on the basis of gross dollar return for these off-station locations as well as the principal statewide trials conducted on-station at Havre are included in a separate report. Cropping environments in 200 ranged from extremely poor to good across North Central Montana. At Havre, total annual growing season precipitation (9//00 through 8/3/0) was 8.83 inches, 26 percent less than the average for all years since 96. April through July 3 precipitation was 4.8 inches or 7 percent of the 86-year average. Heat units expressed as "Growing Degree Days" (GDD, base 50) were 08 percent of the average for the last 5 years (95-200). The last spring frost was 2 days early with the first fall frost 2 days late resulting in 52 frost-free days, 24 days longer than the 86-year average. September 2000 through March 200 precipitation was 90 percent of the long-term average, but added little to stored soil moisture. The April through July growing season saw an average daily temperature at 59 degrees F, slightly above normal, but winds were relentless. July and August average temperatures were 5 percent higher than normal with the high for 200 recorded on August 4 at 06 degrees F. There were 44 days over 90 degrees F, 67% of the average at These conditions resulted in severely reduced crop yields, abnormally high protein and moderate reduction in grain test weight. Minimum winter temperature was -26 degrees F on December 2. Crop outlook was initially bleak with limited surface soil moisture and sluggish early crop development. Yield and test weight comparisons with long-term averages varied according to crop and location (WW=low yields and moderately low test weights, SW=low yields and low test weights, BLY=very low yields and relatively normal test weights, and OAT=extremely low yields and low to normal test weights). The above trends were largely associated with timeliness of planting which was of greater importance than usual in 200. Some later plantings escaped critical heat periods and benefited from a mid-july rain that was the only significant precipitation

2 event during the growing season. Late plantings in areas missed by the July rain resulted in very low yields and severely decreased test weights in 200. Off-station cropping environments were extremely variable in 200. The Loma location had far below-average precipitation and suffered from substantial heat stress during periods critical to the production of cereal crops (especially spring crops). High winds were the norm accentuating the effects of the wheat stem sawfly. Experiment coefficient of variation values were expectedly higher than normal. The Turner and Loring locations had average to above-average precipitation, but it did not necessarily come in a timely manner. The North Havre area in general again saw wide variability in precipitation, but from only fair to practically none. Most locations recorded yields commensurate with moisture. Protein levels for appropriately fertilized wheat and barley were generally very good to excellent. Protein values were abnormally high in those areas most seriously affected by drought and heat stress. Stand percent, plant height, yield, test weight, and protein data for the McKeever (Loma) dryland winter wheat trial conducted in 200 are summarized in Table. The Heavey (North Havre) location was lost to lack of appropriate fall stand and winter injury. Both the McKeever and Heavey (or Morse) locations north of Havre were new in 998, replacing the former long-term Myers (Big Sandy, ) and Peterson (North Havre, ) locations. Although extensive sawfly-related winter and spring wheat plot work was initiated at the McKeever location in 998, the standard off-station winter wheat nursery was not relocated there until 999. Three-year yield and test weight summary data for selected winter wheat entries at the McKeever location are presented in Table 2. Stand percent, plant height, yield, test weight and protein data for the 200 Cederberg (Turner), Flansaas/Lumsden (Loring) and McKeever (Loma) dryland spring wheat trials are summarized in Tables 3, 5 and 7, respectively. The Cederberg location, in place since 982, further featured fertilized vs. unfertilized spring wheat variety performance evaluations ( ). The Flansaas/Lumsden location replaced the 0-year Solberg location at Dodson ( ). The McKeever location replaces the former, long-term Myers location (Big Sandy, ). Multi-year yield and test weight summaries for selected spring wheat entries at the Cederberg, Flansaas/Lumsden and McKeever locations are presented in Tables 4, 6 and 8, respectively. Stand percent, plant height, yield, test weight, plump/thin and protein data for the 200 Cederberg (Turner), Flansaas/Lumsden (Loring) and McKeever (Loma) dryland spring barley trials are summarized in Tables 9, and 3, respectively. The Cederberg location, in place since 982, further featured fertilized vs. unfertilized barley variety performance evaluations ( ). The Flansaas/Lumsden location replaces the 0-year Solberg location at Dodson ( ). The McKeever location replaces the former long-term Myers location (Big Sandy, ), but barley variety evaluation was not initiated there until 999. Multi-year yield and test weight summaries for selected spring barley entries at the Cederberg, Flansaas/Lumsden, and McKeever locations are presented in Tables 0, 2 and 4, respectively. SUMMARY: Eight, 200 off-station variety performance trials were conducted on mechanical or chemical fallow at three locations in three northern Montana counties. Dryland Winter Wheat Trials:. McKeever Farm & Seed, Inc., Chouteau County (2N Loma) 28-27N-0E 2. Joe & Jim Heavey Farm, Hill County (30N Havre) 34-37N-5E Dryland Spring Wheat Trials:. Leon Cederberg Farm, Blaine County (3NE Turner) 3-36N-25E 2. Flansaas/Lumsden Farm, Phillips County (SW Loring) 24-35N-29E 3. McKeever Farm & Seed, Inc., Chouteau County (2N Loma) 8-27N-0E Dryland Spring Barley Trials:. Leon Cederberg Farm, Blaine County (3NE Turner) 3-36N-25E 2. Flansaas/Lumsden Farm, Phillips County (SW Loring) 24-35N-29E 3. McKeever Farm & Seed, Inc., Chouteau County (2N Loma) 8-27N-0E 2

3 All trials were seeded in replicated, 3-row, 20-foot plots on a 2-inch row spacing utilizing a self-propelled cone seeder. Trials (988-99) were planted with hoe openers fitted with `Acra-Plant' or JD 3" shovels. Beginning with spring planting in 992, all off-station trials were planted with modified `Haybuster' openers. A randomized complete block design was standard for all trials with three replications. Beginning in 997, a `Wintersteiger 54-2' plot combine, funded in part by MWBC was used to harvest each 3-row plot after end-trimming to 6'. Prior to 997, a `Hege 25C' plot combine, also funded in part by MWBC in 984, was used. Some 99 plots were harvested via the former binder/thresher method due to breakdown of the Hege plot combine. Other variables specific to each individual trial are listed in the data tables. FUTURE PLANS: It is planned, with drought, budget and other resources allowing, to continue off-station cereal variety investigations in the five-county area. This work has been strongly supported by producers near most of the locations, and by the Northern Ag Research Center Advisory Committee. Budgets aside, expanded overall workload suggested that the number of replicated, off-station variety trial locations needed to be reduced - at least for the time being. Spring grains were dropped in 997 (after 0 years of data) at the Myers/ Big Sandy location. This was an excellent location with truly outstanding producer cooperation and support. However, current sawfly-resistant variety development efforts involve establishment and maintenance of 7,000-8,000 plots on the McKeever Farm only a few miles away where conditions (other than sawfly pressure) are quite similar. Thus, the Big Sandy location has been put on hold for the time being; and standard off-station winter wheat, spring wheat and barley variety trials have been established at the Loma sawfly research site. In addition, spring grains were dropped from the North Havre location when it was relocated from the Peterson Farm to the Morse Farm for winter wheat variety evaluation only, in the fall of 997. And, although the cooperating producer interest and support at the former Graff location north of Joplin (spring wheat and barley varieties) was excellent, a need to reduce overall workload made it necessary to discontinue this location after collecting ten years of data. It is planned to continue off-station spring wheat and barley variety evaluations at the Cederberg (Turner) and Flansaas/Lumsden (Loring) locations. The Loring location is entering its' seventh year, and the cooperator and area producer interest and support has been outstanding. The Turner location is only 32 miles from the Loring site, but conditions there are quite different; and it is our opinion that the Turner location should be continued at least until 2002 which will mark 5 years at the present site (plus 5 years on a different soil series at a site nearby). However, the double plantings at Turner comparing fertilized vs. unfertilized plots were terminated following the 998 crop year as originally planned. Cooperating producer and general community interest and support at Turner is outstanding. Data processed by the Center will normally be limited to trials where the Center performs all field functions from planting to harvest. Special arrangements may be made with Extension Agents desiring to conduct additional replicated trials on their own. Packaged seed can likely again be provided to the County Extension Agents as per their needs for non-replicated demonstration locations. Such demonstrations will be for display and discussion use by the County Extension Agent; and performance data will not be collected or processed by the Research Center for any such demonstration plantings. Efforts are continuing in the use of computer mapping to augment identification and selection of appropriate sites for off-station work. The former Graff, and current Flansaas/Lumsden locations in Liberty and Phillips Counties were selected in this manner. It is our current opinion that effort put forth to generate quality multi-year data at a few sites, carefully chosen to represent principal differences in average growing season conditions, is superior to an approach involving less concentrated work at greater numbers of locations. This is particularly true when critical season workload results in less than timely planting and maintenance of certain sites. 3

4 TABLE. Dryland Fallow Winter Wheat Cultivar Evaluation Nursery Grown Off-Station in a Wheat Stem Sawfly Environment at McKeever Farm & Seed, Inc., Loma. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana (Exp# WW) Hr / 2/ ID CULTIVAR or SELECTION STAND PLNT HT YIELD TEST WT PROTEIN % Inches Bu/Ac Lbs/Bu % PI RAMPART (sawfly resistant) PI59389 VANGUARD (sawfly resistant) CI 7879 ROCKY MTW944 NUWEST/TIBER PI5794 TIBER PI JUDITH CI 7860 NEELEY MT9982 PROMONTORY/JUDITH PI MCGUIRE MT 9432 BIGSKY PI MORGAN RH78W296 BIGHORN PI56476 ERHARDT PI ELKHORN PI PROMONTORY CI 7735 NORSTAR PI RANSOM UT94458 GOLDEN SPIKE PI HALT PI60574 NUPLAINS PI NUWEST MT 9426 MT8030/NLY MT953 MT78/MT PI UTAH EXPERIMENTAL MEANS LSD (0.05) C.V. 2: (S OF MEAN/MEAN)* / Volumetric yields are based on 60 lbs/bu as the standard test weight for wheat. 2/ Protein values are adjusted to 2 percent grain moisture. 4

5 TABLE 2. Three-Year Yield and Test Weight Summary of Selected Entries from Dryland Fallow Winter Wheat Variety Nurseries Grown Off-Station in a Wheat Stem Sawfly Environment at McKeever Farm & Seed, Inc., Loma. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana / YIELD (Bushels Per Acre) TEST WEIGHT (Pounds Per Bushel) No. AVE. % 3-YR AVE. % 3-YR of for of COMP. for of COMP. YEARS YEARS CHECK AVE. YEARS CHECK AVE. 2/ VARIETY or SELECTION TESTED TESTED YIELD YIELD TESTED TEST WT TEST WT PI RAMPART (sawfly resis.) PI5794 TIBER CI 7879 ROCKY PI JUDITH PI59389 VANGUARD (sawfly res.) MT 9432 BIGSKY (+) PI HALT PI MORGAN (P+) CI 7860 NEELEY PI PROMONTORY (+) PI McGUIRE PI56476 ERHARDT RH78W296 BIGHORN (P+) CI 7735 NORSTAR MTW 944 NUWEST/TIBER (hrd wht) PI NUWEST (hard white) PI ELKHORN MEANS (For Entries Listed) / Growing Season Precipitation (in.) Pndg Pndg Pndg Soil PAW (in.) to Planting Pndg Pndg Pndg Total Plant Available Water (in.) Pndg Pndg Pndg Soil NO3 (lbs.) to SD at Planting Pndg Pndg Pndg Fertilizer Applied (# N) (# P 2 O 5 ) (# K 2 O) Check Variety is Norstar / See MCES Bulletin 098 for evaluation of other important variety performance characteristics to include protein, quality, winter hardiness, disease resistance, etc. before making cultivar selecton decisions. 2/ P = Private Variety, + = Protected Variety 3/ 3-Yr Comparable Average = (x/y) * z where x = average yield or test weight of a given entry for years tested, y = average yield or test weight for Hector for the same years, and z = 3-Yr average yield or test weight for the check variety Norstar. 4/ Percent of Norstar yield or test weight for the same data years as those in which a given entry was tested. 5/ Seeding to 4 days prior to harvest maturity. 5

6 TABLE 3. Dryland Fallow Spring Wheat Cultivar Evaluation Nursery Grown Off-Station at the Leon Cederberg Farm, Turner. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana (Exp# SW) Hr / 2/ ID CULTIVAR or SELECTION STAND PLNT HT YIELD TEST WT PROTEIN % Inches Bu/Ac Lbs/Bu % PI53005 GRANDIN PI MCNEAL PI HI-LINE CI 7430 NEWANA PI59276 ERNEST (sawfly resistant) ND 695 REEDER PI AMIDON (mod.sawfly resist.) PI SCHOLAR (mod.sawfly resist.) WBEXPRS WESTBRED EXPRESS MT 9874 RGABC99/MT CI 7429 LEW (sawfly resistant) C RAMBO (mod.sawfly resistant) MT 9929 MT940/MT MTHW9420 MT882/MT8289 (hard white) BZ CONAN (sawfly tolerant) WB 926 WESTBRED WB 936 WESTBRED MTHW970 EXPLORER (hard white) MTHW9904 MTHW947/MT93 (hrd wht) CI 3596 FORTUNA (sawfly resistant) EXPERIMENTAL MEANS LSD (0.05) C.V. 2: (S OF MEAN/MEAN)* / Volumetric yields are based on 60 lbs/bu as the standard test weight for wheat. 2/ Protein values are adjusted to 2 percent grain moisture. 6

7 TABLE 4. Ten-Year Yield and Test Weight Summary on Selected Entries from Dryland Fallow Spring Wheat Variety Nurseries Grown Off-Station at the Leon Cederberg Farm, Turner. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana Hr / YIELD (Bushels Per Acre) TEST WEIGHT (Pounds Per Bushel) No. AVE. % 0-YR AVE. % 0-YR of for of COMP. for of COMP. YEARS YEARS CHECK AVE. YEARS CHECK AVE. 2/ VARIETY or SELECTION TESTED TESTED YIELD YIELD TESTED TEST WT TEST WT 3/ 4/ 3/ 5/ 6/ 4/ 3/ 5/ 6/ PI McNEAL CI 7430 NEWANA PI GLENMAN (sawfly resis.) PI AMIDON (mod.swfly res.) PI HI-LINE WBEXPRES WB EXPRESS (P+) WB 936 WB 936 (P+) PI53005 GRANDIN PNR 2375 PIONEER WPB 926R WB 926R (P) PI59276 ERNEST (+) (sawfly res.) ND 582 STOA C WB RAMBO (P+)(mod sf) CI 7790 LEN TR WB FERGUS (P+) PI SCHOLAR(+)(mod.sf res) MTHW9420 MT882/MT8289 (hd wht) CI 7429 LEW (sawfly resistant) ND 673 TRENTON CI 3596 FORTUNA (sawfly resis.) MEANS (For Entries Listed) / Growing Season Precipitation (in.) 0.48 Pndg Pndg Pndg 7.35 Soil PAW (in.) to Planting 4.87 Pndg Pndg Pndg 5.93 Total Plant Available Water (in.) 5.35 Pndg Pndg Pndg 3.28 Soil NO3 (lbs.) to SD at Planting 60 Pndg Pndg Pndg SD (Sampling Depth in Inches) Fertilizer Applied (# N) (# P 2 O 5 ) (# K 2 O) Check Variety is Fortuna / See MCES Bulletin 093 for evaluation of other important variety performance characteristics to include protein, quality, disease resistance, etc. before making cultivar selecton decisions. 2/ P = Private Variety, + = Protected Variety 3/ Only the most recent 5 years are shown, but summary calculations include all years noted. 4/ Nursery not planted due to wet conditions extending throughout and beyond the normal seeding period for this location. 5/ Percent of Fortuna yield or test weight for the same data years as those in which a given entry was tested. 6/ 0-Yr Comparable Average = (x/y) * z where x = average yield or test weight of a given entry for years tested, y = average yield or test weight for Fortuna for the same years, and z = 0-Yr average yield or test weight for the check variety Fortuna. 7/ Seeding to 4 days prior to harvest maturity. 7

8 TABLE 5. Dryland Fallow Spring Wheat Cultivar Evaluation Nursery Grown Off-Station at the Flansaas/Lumsden Farm, Loring. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana (Exp# SW) / 2/ ID CULTIVAR or SELECTION STAND PLNT HT YIELD TEST WT PROTEIN % Inches Bu/Ac Lbs/Bu % MT 9874 RGABC99/MT PI HI-LINE ND 695 REEDER CI 7430 NEWANA WB 936 WESTBRED PI AMIDON (mod.sawfly resist.) PI MCNEAL MTHW9904 MTHW947/MT93 (hrd wht) BZ CONAN (sawfly tolerant) PI53005 GRANDIN PI59276 ERNEST (sawfly resistant) WBEXPRS WESTBRED EXPRESS MT 9929 MT940/MT C RAMBO (mod.sawfly resistant) PI SCHOLAR (mod.sawfly resist.) WB 926 WESTBRED MTHW970 EXPLORER (hard white) MTHW9420 MT882/MT8289 (hard white) CI 7429 LEW (sawfly resistant) CI 3596 FORTUNA (sawfly resistant) EXPERIMENTAL MEANS LSD (0.05) C.V. 2: (S OF MEAN/MEAN)* / Volumetric yields are based on 60 lbs/bu as the standard test weight for wheat. 2/ Protein values are adjusted to 2 percent grain moisture. 8

9 TABLE 6. Six-Year Yield and Test Weight Summary on Selected Entries from Dryland Fallow Spring Wheat Variety Nurseries Grown Off-Station at the Flansaas/Lumsden Farm, Loring. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana Hr / YIELD (Bushels Per Acre) TEST WEIGHT (Pounds Per Bushel) No. AVE. % 6-YR AVE. % 6-YR of for of COMP. for of COMP. YEARS YEARS CHECK AVE. YEARS CHECK AVE. 2/ VARIETY or SELECTION TESTED TESTED YIELD YIELD TESTED TEST WT TEST WT 3/ 3/ 4/ 5/ 3/ 4/ 5/ ND 695 REEDER (+) PI McNEAL CI 7430 NEWANA PI HI-LINE WB 936 WB 936 (P+) PI AMIDON (mod.swfly res.) PI53005 GRANDIN PI SCHOLAR (+)(mod.sf res) WBEXPRES WB EXPRESS (P+) TR WB FERGUS (P+) BZ CONAN (P+) (sawfly tol) PNR 2375 PIONEER PI59276 ERNEST (+) (sawfly res.) MTHW9420 MT882/MT8289 (hrd wht) WPB 926R WB 926R (P) C WB RAMBO (P+) (mod sf) PI GLENMAN (sawfly resis.) ND 582 STOA CI 7790 LEN ND 673 TRENTON CI 7429 LEW (sawfly resistant) CI 3596 FORTUNA (sawfly resis.) MEANS (For Entries Listed) / Growing Season Precipitation (in.) Pndg Pndg Pndg 5.25 Soil PAW (in.) to Planting Pndg Pndg Pndg 5.70 Total Plant Available Water (in.) Pndg Pndg Pndg 0.95 Soil NO3 (lbs.) to SD at Planting Pndg Pndg Pndg SD (Sampling Depth in Inches) Fertilizer Applied (# N) (# P 2 O 5 ) (# K 2 O) Check Variety is Fortuna / See MCES Bulletin 093 for evaluation of other important variety performance characteristics to include protein, quality, disease resistance, etc. before making cultivar selecton decisions. 2/ P = Private Variety, + = Protected Variety 3/ Only the most recent 5 years are shown, but summary calculations include all years noted. 4/ Percent of Fortuna yield or test weight for the same data years as those in which a given entry was tested. 5/ 6-Yr Comparable Average = (x/y) * z where x = average yield or test weight of a given entry for years tested, y = average yield or test weight for Fortuna for the same years, and z = 6-Yr average yield or test weight for the check variety Fortuna. 6/ Seeding to 4 days prior to harvest maturity. 9

10 TABLE 7. Dryland Fallow Spring Wheat Cultivar Evaluation Nursery Grown Off-Station in a Wheat Stem Sawfly Environment at McKeever Farm & Seed, Inc., Loma. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana (Exp# SW) / 2/ ID CULTIVAR or SELECTION STAND PLNT HT YIELD TEST WT PROTEIN % Inches Bu/Ac Lbs/Bu % PI MCNEAL MTHW970 EXPLORER (hard white) PI HI-LINE MT 9874 RGABC99/MT PI AMIDON C RAMBO (mod.sawfly resistant) PI59276 ERNEST (sawfly resistant) CI 7430 NEWANA PI53005 GRANDIN PI SCHOLAR (mod.sawfly resist.) CI 3596 FORTUNA (sawfly resistant) WB 926 WESTBRED CI 7429 LEW (sawfly resistant) MT 9929 MT940/MT MTHW9904 MTHW947/MT93 (hrd wht) ND 695 REEDER BZ CONAN (sawfly tolerant) MTHW9420 MT882/MT8289 (hard white) WB 936 WESTBRED WBEXPRS WESTBRED EXPRESS EXPERIMENTAL MEANS LSD (0.05) C.V. 2: (S OF MEAN/MEAN)* / Volumetric yields are based on 60 lbs/bu as the standard test weight for wheat. 2/ Protein values are adjusted to 2 percent grain moisture. 0

11 TABLE 8. Four-Year Yield and Test Weight Summary on Selected Entries from Dryland Fallow Spring Wheat Variety Nurseries Grown Off-Station in a Wheat Stem Sawfly Environment at McKeever Farm & Seed, Inc., Loma. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana / YIELD (Bushels Per Acre) TEST WEIGHT (Pounds Per Bushel) No. AVE. % 4-YR AVE. % 4-YR of for of COMP. for of COMP. YEARS YEARS CHECK AVE. YEARS CHECK AVE. 2/ VARIETY or SELECTION TESTED TESTED YIELD YIELD TESTED TEST WT TEST WT 3/ 4/ 5/ 4/ 5/ WPB 926R WB 926R (P) PI McNEAL ND 695 REEDER (+) PI AMIDON (mod.swfly res.) PI SCHOLAR (+)(mod.sf res) BZ CONAN (P+) (sawfly tol) PI HI-LINE CI 7430 NEWANA PI59276 ERNEST (+) (sawfly res.) CI 3596 FORTUNA (sawfly resis.) C WB RAMBO (P+) (mod sf) MTHW9420 MT882/MT8289 (hrd wht) CI 7429 LEW (sawfly resistant) MEANS (For Entries Listed) / Growing Season Precipitation (in.) Pndg Pndg Pndg Pndg Soil PAW (in.) to Planting Pndg Pndg Pndg Pndg Total Plant Available Water (in.) Pndg Pndg Pndg Pndg Soil NO3 (lbs.) to SD at Planting Pndg Pndg Pndg Pndg SD (Sampling Depth in Inches) Fertilizer Applied (# N) (# P 2 O 5 ) (# K 2 O) Check Variety is Fortuna / See MCES Bulletin 093 for evaluation of other important variety performance characteristics to include protein, quality, disease resistance, etc. before making cultivar selection decisions. 2/ P = Private Variety, + = Protected Variety 3/ Research is being conducted at this location is to evaluate varieties and breeding materials in the presence of wheat stem sawfly. Sawfly pressure was weak in 998, but was significant in Hail damage at the location confounded studies in 999. Heat and drought stress was prevalent at critical growth stages during all four years. The plot combine was equipped with pick-up guards similar to those commonly used on full-scale combines for straight-cut harvest under sawfly damage conditions. 4/ Percent of Fortuna yield or test weight for the same data years as those in which a given entry was tested. 5/ 4-Yr Comparable Average = (x/y) * z where x = average yield or test weight of a given entry for years tested, y = average yield or test weight for Fortuna for the same years, and z = 4-Yr average yield or test weight for the check variety Fortuna. 6/ Seeding to 4 days prior to harvest maturity.

12 TABLE 9. Dryland Fallow Barley Cultivar Evaluation Nursery Grown Off-Station at the Leon Cederberg Farm, Turner. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana (Exp# SB) / 2/ ID CULTIVAR or STAND PLNT HT YIELD TEST WT PLUMP THIN PROTEIN SELECTION % Inches Bu/Ac Lbs/Bu % % % PI BARONESSE BZ594-9 XENA MTLB 3 MTLB ND3299 CONLON MTLB 5 MTLB MT96000 MT MT MT PI49534 GALLATIN H H MT MT ND 9866 STARK PI60264 VALIER CI 5856 LEWIS MT9706 MT SK HARRINGTON MT95086 MT EXPERIMENTAL MEANS LSD (0.05) CV2: (S OF MEAN/MEAN)* / Volumetric yields are based on 48 lbs/bu as the standard test weight for barley. 2/ Protein values are reported on a 00% dry matter basis. 2

13 TABLE 0. Ten-Year Yield and Test Weight Summary on Selected Entries from Dryland Fallow Barley Variety Nurseries Grown Off-Station at the Leon Cederberg Farm, Turner. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana / YIELD (Bushels Per Acre) TEST WEIGHT (Pounds Per Bushel) No. AVE. % 0-YR AVE. % 0-YR of for of COMP. for of COMP. YEARS YEARS CHECK AVE. YEARS CHECK AVE. 2/ VARIETY or SELECTION TESTED TESTED YIELD YIELD TESTED TEST WT TEST WT 3/ 4/ 3/ 5/ 6/ 4/ 3/ 5/ 6/ NS BARONESSE (P+) MTLB 5 MTLB PI BOWMAN N23 LOGAN (+) ND 9866 STARK PI49534 GALLATIN PI59823 CHINOOK (+) SK HARRINGTON CI 554 HECTOR CI 5856 LEWIS MEANS (For Entries Listed) / Growing Season Precipitation (in.) 9.88 Pndg Pndg Pndg Soil PAW (in.) to Planting 3.96 Pndg Pndg Pndg Total Plant Available Water (in.) 3.84 Pndg Pndg Pndg Soil NO3 (lbs.) to SD at Planting 60 Pndg Pndg Pndg SD (Sampling Depth in Inches) Fertilizer Applied (# N) (# P 2 O 5 ) (# K 2 O) Check Variety is Gallatin / See MCES Bulletin 094 for evaluation of other important variety performance characteristics to include malting potential, disease resistance, etc. before making cultivar selecton decisions. 2/ P = Private Variety, + = Protected Variety 3/ Only the most recent 5 years are shown, but summary calculations include all years noted. 4/ Nursery not planted due to wet conditions extending throughout and beyond the normal seeding period for this location. 5/ Percent of Gallatin yield or test weight for the same data years as those in which a given entry was tested. 6/ 0-Yr Comparable Average = (x/y) * z where x = average yield or test weight of a given entry for years tested, y = average yield or test weight for Gallatin for the same years, and z = 0-Yr average yield or test weight for the check variety Gallatin. 7/ Seeding to 4 days prior to harvest maturity. 3

14 TABLE. Dryland Fallow Barley Cultivar Evaluation Nursery Grown Off-Station at the Flanaas/ Lumsden Farm, Loring. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana (Exp# SB) / 2/ ID CULTIVAR or STAND PLNT HT YIELD TEST WT PLUMP THIN PROTEIN SELECTION % Inches Bu/Ac Lbs/Bu % % % BZ594-9 XENA PI BARONESSE MT96000 MT MTLB 5 MTLB ND3299 CONLON MTLB 3 MTLB MT95086 MT PI49534 GALLATIN MT MT SK HARRINGTON CI 5856 LEWIS PI60264 VALIER MT MT H H MT9706 MT ND 9866 STARK EXPERIMENTAL MEANS LSD (0.05) CV2: (S OF MEAN/MEAN)* / Volumetric yields are based on 48 lbs/bu as the standard test weight for barley. 2/ Protein values are reported on a 00% dry matter basis. 4

15 TABLE 2. Six-Year Yield and Test Weight Summary of Selected Entries from Dryland Fallow Barley Variety Nurseries Grown Off-Station at the Flansaas/Lumsden Farm, Loring. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana / YIELD (Bushels Per Acre) TEST WEIGHT (Pounds Per Bushel) No. AVE. % 6-YR AVE. % 6-YR of for of COMP. for of COMP. YEARS YEARS CHECK AVE. YEARS CHECK AVE. 2/ VARIETY or SELECTION TESTED TESTED YIELD YIELD TESTED TEST WT TEST WT 3/ 3/ 4/ 5/ 3/ 4/ 5/ BZ594-9 WPB XENA (P+) NS BARONESSE (P+) MT95086 MT MT MT MTLB 3 MTLB MTLB 5 MTLB PI60264 VALIER (+) PI49534 GALLATIN N23 LOGAN (+) CI 5856 LEWIS PI59823 CHINOOK (+) CI 554 HECTOR SK HARRINGTON PI BOWMAN ND 9866 STARK MEANS (For Entries Listed) / Growing Season Precipitation (in.) Pndg Pndg Pndg Soil PAW (in.) to Planting Pndg Pndg Pndg Total Plant Available Water (in.) Pndg Pndg Pndg Soil NO3 (lbs.) to SD at Planting Pndg Pndg Pndg SD (Sampling Depth in Inches) Fertilizer Applied (# N) (# P 2 O 5 ) (# K 2 O) Check Variety is Gallatin / See MCES Bulletin 094 for evaluation of other important variety performance characteristics to include malting potential, disease resistance, etc. before making cultivar selecton decisions. 2/ P = Private Variety, + = Protected Variety 3/ Only the most recent 5 years are shown, but summary calculations include all years noted. 4/ Percent of Gallatin yield or test weight for the same data years as those in which a given entry was tested. 5/ 6-Yr Comparable Average = (x/y) * z where x = average yield or test weight of a given entry for years tested, y = average yield or test weight for Gallatin for the same years, and z = 6-Yr average yield or test weight for the check variety Gallatin. 6/ Seeding to 4 days prior to harvest maturity. 5

16 TABLE 3. Dryland Fallow Barley Cultivar Evaluation Nursery Grown Off-Station in a Wheat Stem Sawfly Environment at McKeever Farm & Seed, Inc., Loma. Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana (Exp# SB) / 2/ ID CULTIVAR or STAND PLNT HT YIELD TEST WT PLUMP THIN PROTEIN SELECTION % Inches Bu/Ac Lbs/Bu % % % ND 9866 STARK MT95086 MT CI 5856 LEWIS PI49534 GALLATIN PI BARONESSE MT MT MT9706 MT ND3299 CONLON BZ594-9 XENA H H SK HARRINGTON MTLB 3 MTLB MT MT PI60264 VALIER MT96000 MT MTLB 5 MTLB EXPERIMENTAL MEANS LSD (0.05) CV2: (S OF MEAN/MEAN)* / Volumetric yields are based on 48 lbs/bu as the standard test weight for barley. 2/ Protein values are reported on a 00% dry matter basis. 6

17 TABLE 4. Three-Year Yield and Test Weight Summary of Selected Entries from Dryland Fallow Barley Variety Nurseries Grown Off-Station at McKeever Farm & Seed, Inc., Loma Northern Agricultural Research Center. Havre, Montana / YIELD (Bushels Per Acre) TEST WEIGHT (Pounds Per Bushel) No. AVE. % 3-YR AVE. % 3-YR of for of COMP. for of COMP. YEARS YEARS CHECK AVE. YEARS CHECK AVE. 2/ VARIETY or SELECTION TESTED TESTED YIELD YIELD TESTED TEST WT TEST WT 3/ 4/ 3/ 4/ MT95086 MT MT MT PI49534 GALLATIN ND 9866 STARK MTLB 3 MTLB SK HARRINGTON NS BARONESSE (P+) BZ594-9 WPB XENA (P+) CI 5856 LEWIS PI60264 VALIER (+) MTLB 5 MTLB MEANS (For Entries Listed) / Growing Season Precipitation (in.) Pndg Pndg Pndg Soil PAW (in.) to Planting Pndg Pndg Pndg Total Plant Available Water (in.) Pndg Pndg Pndg Soil NO3 (lbs.) to SD at Planting Pndg Pndg Pndg SD (Sampling Depth in Inches) Fertilizer Applied (# N) (# P 2 O 5 ) (# K 2 O) Check Variety is Gallatin / See MCES Bulletin 094 for evaluation of other important variety performance characteristics to include malting potential, disease resistance, etc. before making cultivar selecton decisions. 2/ P = Private Variety, + = Protected Variety 3/ Percent of Gallatin yield or test weight for the same data years as those in which a given entry was tested. 4/ 6-Yr Comparable Average = (x/y) * z where x = average yield or test weight of a given entry for years tested, y = average yield or test weight for Gallatin for the same years, and z = 6-Yr average yield or test weight for the check variety Gallatin. 5/ Seeding to 4 days prior to harvest maturity. 7