INTRA-REGIONAL TRADE FLOWS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS IN WEST AFRICA

Transcription

1 COMITE PERMANENT INTER-ETATS DE LUTTE CONTRE LA SECHERESSE DANS LE SAHEL PERMANENT INTERSTATE COMMITTEE FOR DROUGHT CONTROL IN THE SAHEL Bénin Burkina Faso Cap Vert Côte d Ivoire Gambie Guinée Guinée Bissau Mali Mauritanie Niger Sénégal Tchad Togo Executive Secretary INTRA-REGIONAL TRADE FLOWS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS IN WEST AFRICA October October 2013

2 CONTENT Pg Introduction 2 Data collection system 3 Trade flow of maize 4 Trade flow of Millet/sorghum 5 Trade flow of Parboiled rice 5 Trade flow of livestock 6 Overview of total trade flow in West Africa 7 Conclusion 8 Moussa CISSE Regional Coordinator of Market Access moussa.cisse@cilss.bf sadajr_cisse@yahoo.fr Christian AMEDO Monitoring & Evaluation specialist of cross-border trade flows christian.amedo@cilss.bf christian_amedo@yahoo.om Brahima CISSE Analyst of cross-border trade flows brahima.cisse@cilss.bf cissebra@hotmail.com Emmanuel SANOU Program Assistant. pramarches@cilss.bf INTRODUCTION During the month of October 2013 the USAID/CILSS team continued with its activities by checking for double counting and analyzing the data for the monthly report. The team also participated in a regional mission indicator survey on a webinar that was held on October The webinar was organized by USAID Washington to discuss the Feed the Future intra-regional trade indicator. Data collection on this indicator is an activity that is executed by different partners at four different locations across the globe including West East and Southern Africa and Central America. The discussions on the webinar centered on the methodologies being used for data collection and whether it was necessary for USAID to standardize the methodologies for easy comprehension. In addition issues relating to the definition of the indicator were discussed. The last issue discussed was whether data on volume of trade is necessary and useful or whether data on value only will be sufficient. The team also had some discussions with UEMOA on the modalities to be adopted for the preparation of the Observatoire Pratique Anormale OPA quarterly report. This report involves the integration of CILSS s report on road harassment activities on selected corridors in West Africa on which agricultural commodities are traded and that of Borderless Alliance a private sector led advocacy organization that reports on abnormal practices on selected corridors on industrial goods. The team also finalized a report on the grant for partners on data collection that commenced on April 1 and ended on September A new grant agreement is being prepared for the partners and this will take effect from October 2013 to September One other important activity conducted was the verification by phone of selected individual data collectors per country to find out whether allowances meant for them were received from their supervisors. In addition to these activities the Niamey Road Show was prepared for the month of November. Page 2 of 8

3 I DATA COLLECTION SYSTEM CILSS collects data through intra-regional trade for a more complete and accurate understanding of regional trade of commodities and to promote the West African regional trade in staple food commodities. Data are collected by professional organizations from each country through national private partner apex associations or regional organizations and data collection activities are supported by grants after grant agreements were signed with CILSS. The data collected include data on ruminant livestock (cattle sheep and goats) maize millet sorghum and parboiled rice. The trade data collectors are positioned at exit points (borders) and in strategic markets in the various countries in the region to collect data on cross-border trade and on staple food commodities. These data collection activities are done on a daily basis in each country and are supervised by focal points that collate and transmit same to CILSS on a monthly basis. Map 1: Points of Trade Data Collection in October MAIZE TRADE FLOW During the month of October 2013 Côte d Ivoire Nigeria Ghana Burkina Faso Mali Benin and Togo were the main countries that exported maize in the region. The exports went to Niger Burkina Faso Senegal Mauritania and Mali. Total volume of maize traded was 6610 tons valued at about $1.99 million. As usual Niger remained the highest importer of maize in the month as about 63 percent in value of total maize traded was imported compared to 53 percent imported in September. Niger was followed by Burkina Faso of 20 percent as compared with 26 percent in the previous month and Senegal 9 percent as against 18 percent in the previous month. The rest of the imports went to Mali and Mauritania. Nigeria Cote d Ivoire Benin and Ghana remained the largest exporters of maize in the sub-region. Cote d Ivoire produces a lot of yellow maize in the northern part of the country and exports it to the neighboring countries in the sahelian region. In October 1694 tons of maize was exported to Burkina Faso Mali and Senegal while Nigeria exported 2120 tons of white maize to Niger. Ghana and Benin also exported 699 and 740 tons of white maize to Burkina Faso and Niger respectively. Burkina Faso on the other hand exported 872 tons of white maize to Niger but at the same time imported 1515 tons of both white and yellow maize from Page 3 of 8

4 Ghana Benin Togo and Cote d Ivoire. Compared to September 2013 the volume of maize exported dropped by about 43 percent (from tons in September to 6610 tons in October). The reduction in maize trade is usual as sales reduce with the approach of the minor season. With regard to average price per ton Nigeria recorded the highest price of 414 dollars per ton as compared to 375 dollars per ton in the previous month and the lowest was 201 dollars per ton as compared to 210 dollars per ton in Cote d Ivoire. The prices in other countries were Benin; 280 Togo; 286 Burkina Faso; 291 Ghana; 243; and Mali; 291 Figure 1. : Value (USD) of Maize Trade Flow in October 2013 Fig 2: Average Price ($) of Maize per ton per Country in October 2013 Page 4 of 8

5 III MILLET/SORGHUM TRADE FLOW The major exporters of millet/sorghum in October 2013 were Nigeria Burkina Faso and Togo while the main importers included Niger Benin Burkina Faso Côte d Ivoire Ghana and Togo. Niger alone imported about 94 percent in value of millet/sorghum in October as compared to 89 percent during the previous month while the rest of the countries shared the remaining 6 percent. In all a total of 8915 tons of millet/sorghum worth about $3.94 million was traded in October against tons worth $5.29 million in September. Compared to September 2013 trade flow volume of millet/sorghum in October reduced by about 25 percent; (from tons in September to 8915 tons in October 2013). Average price of millet/sorghum in Burkina Faso decreased from $361 in September to $328 per ton in October and in Nigeria the price decreased marginally from $463 to $453 per ton in October. In Togo the price was $$233 in October as compared to $328 in September. Figure 3. : Import Value ($) of Millet/Sorghum Trade Flow in October 2013 IV PARBOILED RICE TRADE FLOW The main countries that exported parboiled rice in October were Benin and Burkina Faso and the importing coutries were Nigeria Togo and Mali. During the month of October a total of 1552 tons worth $ was traded compared to 400 tons worth $ in September. Nigeria imported only 231tons in October compared to 161 tons imported in September. Mali imported 1250 tons compared to 167 tons imported in September and Togo imported just about the same volume (72 tons) as in September. The average price of parboiled rice in Benin was $734 per ton and in Burkina Faso it was $518 per ton. Table 1. : Volume (ton) and Value ($) of Par-boiled Rice Trade Flow in October 2013 Country Volume (mt) Country of origin Mali Nigeria Togo Volume Value Volume Value ($) Value ($) (mt) ($) (mt) TOTAL Volume (mt) TOTAL Value ($) Benin Burkina Faso Total Page 5 of 8

6 VI LIVESTOCK TRADE FLOW The main exporters of cattle in the region include Burkina Faso Mali and Niger but this October report excludes cattle trade flow from Niger as trade data validation is yet to be conducted there. The major importers of cattle in October included Nigeria Ghana Senegal Cote d Ivoire Benin and Togo. It should be noted that Nigeria Ghana Benin and Togo received most of its cattle from Burkina Faso and sometimes from Mali while Senegal and Cote d Ivoire received its stock from Mali. During the period under review total head of cattle exported from Burkina Faso Mali Benin and Côte d Ivoire was heads valued at about $27.29million. Compared to that of September there was a decrease of about 18 percent in supply; (from heads in September to in October) while the value also decreased by about 14 percent (from $31.90 million in September to $27.29 million in October). Cattle exports slowed down in October but it is expected to pick up in November and December as the Christmas celebration draws near. The average price per head of cattle in Burkina Faso was $718; in Mali it was $577 and in Benin it was $520. Figure 4. : Value of Cattle Trade in October 2013 Figure 5. : Proportion of Export Values of Cattle in October 2013 Page 6 of 8

7 Small ruminants (sheep and goats) are also mostly traded between sahelian countries and coastal countries. In October a total of sheep and goats worth $6.14 million were traded. Compared to September 2013 the number traded decreased by about 29 percent; (from in September to in October) while value also decreased by about 32 percent; (from $9.06 million to $6.14 million in October 2013). As the celebration of the Moslem festival was over the number of small ruminants exported reduced but it is expected to pick up again in December as Christmas approaches. The average price of sheep in Benin was $78 and in Mali it was $108. VII GLOBAL OVERVIEW OF TRADE FLOW Trade flows among the countries in the region totaled $40.20 million during the period under review as compared to $49.64 million in September. In terms of percent contribution to total trade in October 2013 livestock tops all the products in the region recording about 83 percent; followed by millet/sorghum of 10 percent; maize by 5 percent and parboiled rice by 2 percent. Compared to September 2013 total trade decreased by about 19 percent; (from $49.64 million in September to $40.20 million in October 2013). Among the cereals millet/sorghum was the most traded and followed by maize. Parboiled rice was traded in small quantities in Burkina Faso and Benin and as such contributed very little to total trade. Compared to September all commodities recorded decreases except for par-boiled rice that increased by about 280 percent It is expected that trade in all products will pick-up in the coming months. Table 2: Total Value of Trade in CFA and USD in October 2013 Product Quantity October 2013 Value (CFA) October 2013 Value (CFA) in September 2013 Value ($) in October 2013 Cattle Goats Sheep Maize Millet Parboiled Rice Sorghum Total U$ = 500 F CFA Nb : For Cattle Sheep Goats ; Quantity=Number of head ; For Maize Millet Sorghum and Par-boiled rice; Quantity=Volume in tons Page 7 of 8

8 Figure 6: Percent Contribution to Total Trade in October 2013 VIII CONCLUSION In the month of October the largest importer of cattle was Nigeria with 37 percent of total trade; Ghana 26 percent; Cote d Ivoire 17 percent and Senegal 14 percent. Other countries imported small quantities. It should also be noted that cattle exports decreased by about 18 percent in volume while sheep traded also decreased by about 10 percent. For cereals Niger still remained the largest importer in the month as about 63 percent of total volume of maize traded was imported by Niger; while about 92 percent of total volume of millet/sorghum traded was also imported. Parboiled rice produced in Burkina Faso was exported to Mali and that from Benin was exported to Nigeria and Togo but was in small quantities. The supply of cereals especially maize decreased by about 43 percent whilst millet/sorghum also recorded a decrease of about 25 percent. Page 8 of 8