Contents. 1.Background. 2. Overview of Dongying. 3. Solutions-Ecological aquaculture. 4.Results. 5.Lessons learnt

Transcription

1 Transforming Traditional Pond Aquaculture to Modern Ecological Aquaculture through Multiple Seawater Use and Application of Industrial Management Practice in Dongying, China Dan Yi

2 Contents 1.Background 2. Overview of Dongying 3. Solutions-Ecological aquaculture 4.Results 5.Lessons learnt

3 1. Background

4 1. Background The FAO has correctly stated that food fish production, despite its apparent stability, had not been keeping pace with population growth and has warned that fish protein supply per caput had already declined in some areas.

5 1. Background In 1970s, fishing industry has almost developed to the extreme In 1980s, the aquaculture industry began to grow According to FAO, global marine capture fishery production reduced from 80.2 million tons in 2006 to 78.9 million tones in 2011, a decrease of 1.6 per cent. During the same period, marine aquaculture production increased from 16 million tons in 2006 to 19.3 million tons in 2011, a 20.6 per cent increase in production.

6 1. Background What is Ecological aquaculture Ecological aquaculture is an alternative path that demonstrates profitable production but also for the multiple sources of social-ecological revenues possible from aquaculture ecosystems. Ecological aquaculture not only produces high quality aquatic foods essential for human health and longevity but also produces innovations and knowledge to build the culture of aquaculture. Ecological aquaculture incorporates the knowledge and power of ecological design, ecological engineering, and ecological approaches to governance to implement and then evolve more sustainable aquaculture businesses and family farms at the bioregional scale.

7 1. Background Why need Ecological aquaculture Reduce human activities disturbance/pressure Safety of aquaculture products and branding Protect and restore the ecological carrying capacity Keep environmental health An important instrument and effective protection measures

8 2.Overview of Dongying

9 2.Overview of Dongying Located on the southwest coast of Bohai Sea, north of the Lubei Plain of Shandong Province, and the center of Yellow River Delta. It lies to the Economic District of Beijing, Tianjin and Tangshan in the north, and connects to Economic Development Zone of Shandong Peninsula in the south.

10 2.Overview of Dongying The Yellow River, 2nd longest river in China, enters the sea from here. Shengli oilfield, the 2nd largest oilfield in China

11 2.Overview of Dongying The main industries occupied coastline (km) of Dongying City

12 2.Overview of Dongying Traditional aquaculture extensive farming technology heavy inputs of commercial feeds (for shrimp culture) Uncontrolled or inadequately application of antibiotics

13 2.Overview of Dongying Genetic control Waste disposal Disease prevention challenges Feed System design Cultivate seedlings Cultivate seedlings Feed Disease prevention Genetic control Waste disposal System design A series of challenges in the process of expanding aquaculture production

14 2.Overview of Dongying Developing of ICM in Dongying Dongying is one of the parallel demonstration cities in the Integrated Coastal Management set from The ICM of Dongying has made exceptional progress from then on.

15 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture

16 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture Stage 1: Gain political support plans on the use of designated water areas and tidal flats for aquaculture guidance on the efficient and rapid development of the area

17 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture Freshwater farming Seawater farming Dongying city mu of modern fishery demonstration area overall planning ( )

18 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture

19 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture As of 2014, 67,000 hectares of modern fishing demonstration core areas were constructed for ecological farming of sea cucumber, seafood ecological farming, salt production and so on.

20 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture Stage 2: Establish the inter-agency coordinating mechanism

21 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture Stage 3: Use the ocean s natural processes for farming Ecological aquaculture in Dongying City demonstrates a cycle of healthy ecological farming

22 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture Stage 4: Use seawater multiple times This model of multiple uses of seawater results in efficient use of resources.

23 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture Stage 5: Close the nutrient cycle through multi-tropic farming Marine environment quality bulletin in Shandong province 2005, Mild pollution in Dongying coastal area; 2009, Mild pollution coastal area expanded, Appeared moderate to severe pollution areas, water quality has declined

24 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture Under the ecological aquaculture mode, sea cucumber can grow up with natural nutrients in seawater. After seawater is discharged from sea cucumber farming ponds into shrimp farming ponds, shrimps and crabs will consume some of the particles of feed and feces of the sea cucumber and thus can grow faster or bigger than they might otherwise have done.

25 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture Stage 6: Apply industrial aquaculture management practice (IAMP) Dongying City actively applies modern management practices to improve aquaculture operations. Dongying City has adopted an industrial aquaculture management practice (IAMP) with standardized production and management procedures to ensure quality of aquaculture.

26 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture Stage 7: Tighten quality and safety surveillance In order to realize healthy aquaculture products, a quality monitoring system is being implemented by the Dongying. Oceanic & Fishery Bureau.

27 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture Stage 8: Strengthen law enforcement Supervision and management of the ecological aquaculture have been tightened. The Dongying Oceanic & Fishery Bureau organizes and implements relevant monitoring and inspection systems to ensure the quality of aquaculture products. Relevant legislation and administrative orders include the Shandong Province State-owned Waters Mudflat Aquaculture Management Regulations, Interim Measures of Shandong Province for the Administration of Production Licenses for Aquatic Fingerlings and the Dongying City Comprehensive Management Program for Rural Aquaculture Product Safety.

28 3.Solutions Solutions-Ecological aquaculture Stage 9: Build aquaculture zone development into a business In order to strengthen the organization and management of modern aquaculture demonstration area, Dongying City incorporated the Yellow River Estuary Fisheries Ltd., Dongying City. This entity has the overall responsibility for the development and construction of the aquaculture area.

29 4. Results

30 4. Results Significantly reduced nutrients and recognized base for supply of eco-aquaculture products Date depth ph salinity DO COD phosphate Nitrite Nitrate Ammonia nitrogen Petroleum m/d/y m mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l 10/15/ /22/

31 4. Results Increased social and economic benefits. Aquaculture area, production, and production value in Dongying City from 2007 to 2013 (Source: Dongying Ocean and Fishery Bureau, Shagndong Province, China).

32 5.Lessons learnt

33 5.Lessons learnt Align with national and local development strategies. The ecological aquaculture demonstration and replication are only possible with strong backstopping from national, provincial and municipal government. An enabling land and sea use zoning plan, coordination mechanism, legislation, law enforcement and quality control and monitoring have created a business and investment landscape for ecological aquaculture. Partner with academia for technical support. To overcome the technical barriers to investors, the demonstration zone entered into partnership agreements with Yantai University and Qingdao Agriculture University to provide technical support and transfer of technology, breeding of new varieties, disease prevention and control, monitoring of water environment and quality criteria of farmed products. Research projects were also conducted by the two universities to find out solutions to identified technical issues.

34 5.Lessons learnt Incentivize participation by local investors. At the early state of demonstration, about 150 hectares of land were allocated for Industry to Benefit Household Project. The project provided land, management support, construction and other incentive measures to local investors, namely fishermen, associations of fishermen and cooperatives. Training opportunities were conducted in standardization of aquaculture management processes, large scale farming, intensive aquaculture farming, and so on. These incentive measures attracted investment from local people who ultimately benefited from the investment.

35 5.Lessons learnt Facilitate the development of the supply chain from aquaculture farming, processing, marketing and logistics. To facilitate large scale aquaculture industry development, the Dongying municipal government leased 200 hectares of land to investors to build and operate processing facilities for aquatic products. The processing industries provided job opportunities for thousands of skilled workers. Meanwhile, trade centers were registered to facilitate market access of aquatic products. Roads were built to provide easy access to highways which led to key consumer markets.

36 5.Lessons learnt A growing consumer market conscious of food safety. Through its modern fisheries demonstration and replication program, Dongying City has developed and implemented strategies to target a higher percentage of the market share of its aquatic products. Meanwhile, developing its ecological aquaculture product into well-known brands was also initiated by creating a market environment for ecological-friendly products. The strategies have proven successful with the increasing population of middle-income consumers. In turn, the enabling legal, institutional, marketoriented approaches and mechanisms will leverage rapid transformation of the traditional aquaculture sector into a more sustainable and modern fishery model in other areas and markets.

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38 Contact information: Dr. Dan Yi First Institute of Oceanography SOA, Xianxialing Rd. 6#, Qingdao Mobile: