North Dakota Hard Red Spring Wheat Variety Trial Results for 2016 and Selection Guide

Transcription

1 North Dakota Hard Red Spring Wheat Trial Results for 2016 and Selection Guide Joel Ransom, Andrew Green, Senay Simsek, Andrew Friskop, Matt Breiland, Tim Friesen, Zhaohui Liu and Shaobin Zhong (NDSU Main Station); John Rickertsen (Hettinger Research Extension Center); Eric Eriksmoen (North Central Research Extension Center, Minot); Bryan Hanson (Langdon Research Extension Center); Glenn Martin (Dickinson Research Extension Center); Gautam Pradhan (Williston Research Extension Center); Mike Ostlie (Carrington Research Extension Center) Hard red spring (HRS) wheat was harvested from 6.2 million acres in 2016, down slightly from The average yield of spring wheat was 47 bushels/acre (bu/a), a bushel lower than last year. SY Soren was the most popular HRS wheat variety in 2016, occupying 15.4 percent of the planted acreage, followed by SY Ingmar (11.5), Elgin-ND (8.7), Barlow (8.0) Glenn (7.9), Faller (7.3) and Prosper (6.6). SY Soren and SY Ingmar were released by. All other varieties are NDSU releases. Spring wheat generally was planted early in 2016 due to an early spring. Temperatures were moderate during much of the growing season, which helped the development of relatively high yield potential. We did not experience the yield losses due to the yellow rust that we saw in Scab caused elevated levels of DON in a few regions. Excessive moisture in NE North Dakota reduced yield and increased damage due to scab. Successful wheat production depends on numerous factors, including selecting the right variety for a particular area. The information included in this publication is meant to aid in selecting that variety or group of varieties. Characteristics to consider in selecting a variety may include yield potential, protein content when grown with proper fertility, straw strength, plant height, reaction to problematic pests (diseases, insects, etc.) and maturity. Every growing season differs; therefore, when selecting a variety, we recommend using data that summarize several years and locations. Choose the variety that, on average, performs the best at multiple locations near your farm during several years. damage), high protein content (the majority of HRS wheat export markets want at least 14 percent protein) and excellent protein quality (for superior bread-making quality as indicated by traditional strong gluten proteins, high baking absorption and large bread loaf volume). Gluten strength, and milling and baking quality ratings, are provided for individual varieties based on the results from the NDSU field plot variety trials. These ratings are applied to varieties grown for multiple years at seven NDSU Research Extension Centers across the state to provide producers and end users with end-use performance data. The wheat protein data often are higher than obtained in actual production fields but can be used to compare differences among varieties. The agronomic data presented in this publication are from replicated research plots using experimental designs that enable the use of statistical analysis. These analyses enable the reader to determine, at a predetermined level of confidence, if the differences observed among varieties are reliable or if they might be due to error inherent in the experimental process. The LSD (least significant difference) values beneath the columns in the tables are derived from these statistical analyses and apply only to the numbers in the column in which they appear. If the difference between two varieties exceeds the LSD value, it means that with 95 or 90 percent confidence (LSD probability 0.05 or 0.10), the higher-yielding variety has a significant yield advantage. When the difference between two varieties is less than the LSD value, no significant difference was found between those two varieties under those growing conditions. NS is used to indicate no significant difference for that trait among any of the varieties at the 95 or 90 percent level of confidence. The CV stands for coefficient of variation and is expressed as a percentage. The CV is a measure of variability in the trial. Large CVs mean a large amount of variation that could not be attributed to differences in the varieties. Yield is reported at 13.5 percent moisture, while protein content is reported at 12 percent moisture content. Selecting varieties with good milling and baking quality also is important to maintain market recognition and avoid discounts. Hard red spring wheat from the northern Great Plains is known around the world for its excellent end-use quality. Millers and bakers consider many factors in determining the quality and value of wheat they purchase. Several key parameters are: high test weight (for optimum milling yield and flour color), high falling number (greater than 300 seconds indicates minimal sprout Presentation of data for the entries tested does not imply approval or endorsement by the authors or agencies conducting the test. North Dakota State University approves the reproduction of any table in the publication only if no portion is deleted, appropriate footnotes are given and the order of the data is not rearranged. Additional data from county sites are available from each Research Extension Center at continued on pages Page 69

2 Table 1. North Dakota hard red spring wheat variety descriptions, agronomic traits, Agent or Origin 1 Year Released Height (inches) Straw Strength 2 Days to Head 3 Stem Rust 5 Reaction to Disease 4 Leaf Rust Stripe Rust 5 Barlow ND R MS M MS MS/S M Bolles MN R/MR MR MR MR S M Boost SD NA NA NA NA NA MR Brennan R MR M MS S MS Duclair6 MT R MR NA S S MS Egan MT NA 65 NA NA NA NA NA NA Elgin-ND ND R MS M MS MS/S M Faller ND R S S MS MS M Focus SD R MR/MS MS S MS/S MR Forefront SD R/MR MR MS S S MR Glenn ND R MS M MS M/MS MR HRS 3361 Croplan NA MR MS NA NA M HRS 3378 Croplan NA MR MS NA NA M HRS 3419 Croplan NA MR R NA NA MR HRS 3504 Croplan NA NA NA NA NA NA HRS 3530 Croplan NA MS S NA NA NA HRS 3616 Croplan NA NA NA NA NA NA Jenna R MR M M M/MS M LCS Albany Limagrain R MR MS R MS M LCS Anchor Limagrain NA NA NA NA NA NA LCS Breakaway Limagrain R R MS MR MS M LCS Iguacu Limagrain R MS MS R MS/S M LCS Nitro Limagrain R/MR R MR R M M LCS Powerplay Limagrain R MS M S MS M LCS Prime Limagrain NA MS NA NA NA MR LCS Pro Limagrain R MS NA S S M Linkert MN R MR R MR MS/S M Mott 6 ND R MS MS MS S MS MS Chevelle Meridian R MR MR MS MS M MS Stingray Meridian R MS S R M MR ND901CLPlus 7 ND MR MR/MS NA NA NA M Prestige Pulse-USA NA MS NA NA NA NA Prevail SD R/MR/MS MR MR MR M/MS M Prosper ND R MS S MS MS/S M RB07 MN R MS NA MR S MR Redstone Pulse-USA NA R NA NA NA NA Rollag MN R MR/MS R R M/MS MR Shelly MN NA MR/MS NA NA NA M Surpass SD NA MR/MS NA NA NA MR Tan Spot Bact. Leaf Head Scab Page 70

3 Table 1. (continued) North Dakota hard red spring wheat variety descriptions, agronomic traits, SY Ingmar SY Rowyn SY Soren SY Tyra6 SY Valda SY605CL7 TCG- Cornerstone TCG-Spitfire TCG-Wildfire Agent or Origin 1 21st Century Genetics 21st Century Genetics 21st Century Genetics Year Released Height (inches) Straw Strength 2 Days to Head 3 Stem Rust 5 Reaction to Disease R MR MS MS S M R MR M R M/MS M R MR MS R S M R R R MS S S R R MS MS S MR R/MR MR/MS NA MS NA S NA MR/MS NA NA NA MS NA MS NA NA NA MS NA MS NA NA NA MS Velva ND R MS MS R M/MS MS WB9312 WestBred NA MR NA NA NA NA WB9507 WestBred R/MR MR S MR S MR WB9653 WestBred R/MR MR S MS S M WB-Mayville WestBred R R MS MS S S 1 Refers to agent or developer: MN = University of Minnesota; MT = Montana State University; ND = North Dakota State University; SD = South Dakota State University; Bold varieties are those recently released, so data is limited and rating values may change. 2 Straw Strength = 1 to 9 scale, with 1 the strongest and 9 the weakest. These values are based on recent data and may change as more data become available. 3 Days to Head = the number of days from planting to head emergence from the boot averaged from several locations. 4 R = resistant; MR = moderately resistant; M = intermediate; MS = moderately susceptible; NA = Not adequately tested; S = susceptible. 5 Fargo stem rust nursery inoculated with Puccinia graminis f. sp. Tritici races TPMK, TMLK, RTQQ, QFCQ and QTHJ. 6 Solid stemmed or semisolid stem, imparting resistance to sawfly. 7 CL = Refers to a Clearfield variety, with tolerance to the Beyond TM family of herbicides. Leaf Rust Stripe Rust 5 Tan Spot Bact. Leaf Head Scab Page 71

4 Table 2. Analytical milling and baking data from field plot variety trials at Carrington, Casselton and Langdon in 2014 and 2015 (unless otherwise noted). Planted 2016 Eastern ND OBS 1 Test Weight Protein 12% MB Vitreous Kernels Falling Number Farinograph Stability Farinograph Absorption Loaf Volume Mill and Bake Quality Rating (% area) (lb/bu) (%) (%) (seconds) (minutes) (%) (cc) (1-5 Stars) 2 Barlow *** Bolles **** Elgin-ND *** Faller *** Glenn ***** Linkert **** Prevail ** Prosper *** Rollag * SY Ingmar *** SY Rowyn **** SY Soren *** WB *** WB-Mayville *** Analyses conducted at the NDSU Hard Red Spring Wheat Quality Laboratory in Fargo, N.D. 1 Observations. 2 Mill and Bake Quality Rating scale 1 to 5, with 1 being low and 5 being superior. 3 Glenn is the current Wheat Quality Council check variety for comparing new experimental lines and newly released varieties Carrington data omitted due to poor quality. Table 3. Analytical milling and baking data from field plot variety trials at Dickinson, Hettinger, Minot and Williston in 2014 and (unless otherwise noted). Planted 2016 Western ND OBS 1 Test Weight Protein 12% MB Vitreous Kernels Falling Number Farinograph Stability Farinograph Absorption Loaf Volume Mill and Bake Quality Rating (% area) (lb/bu) (%) (%) (seconds) (minutes) (%) (cc) (1-5) 2 Barlow *** Bolles **** Elgin-ND *** Faller *** Glenn ***** Linkert **** Prevail ** Prosper *** Rollag * SY Ingmar *** SY Rowyn **** SY Soren *** WB *** WB Mayville *** Analyses conducted at the NDSU Hard Red Spring Wheat Quality Laboratory in Fargo, N.D. 1 Observations 2 Mill and Bake Quality Rating scale 1 to 5, with 1 being low and 5 being superior. 3 Glenn is the current Wheat Quality Council check variety for comparing new experimental lines and newly released varieties Dickinson data omitted due to poor quality. Page 72

5 Table 4. Yield of hard red spring wheat varieties grown at three locations in eastern North Dakota, Casselton Prosper Langdon Avg. eastern N.D Yr Yr Yr Yr (bu/a) Barlow Bolles Boost Elgin-ND Faller Focus Glenn HRS HRS HRS HRS HRS LCS Anchor LCS Breakaway LCS Iguacu LCS Nitro LCS Prime LCS Pro Linkert MS Chevelle MS Stingray Prestige Prevail Prosper Redstone Rollag Shelly Surpass SY Ingmar SY Rowyn SY Soren SY Valda TCG-Cornerstone TCG-Spitfire TCG-Wildfire Velva WB WB WB WB-Mayville Mean CV% LSD LSD Page 73

6 Table 5. Yield of hard red spring wheat varieties grown at four locations in western North Dakota, Dickinson Hettinger Minot Williston Avg. western N.D Yr Yr Yr Yr Yr (bu/a) Barlow Bolles Boost Duclair Egan Elgin-ND Faller Focus Glenn HRS HRS HRS HRS HRS LCS Anchor LCS Breakaway LCS Iguacu LCS Nitro LCS Prime LCS Pro Linkert Mott MS Chevelle MS Stingray ND901CLPlus Prestige Prevail Prosper Redstone Rollag Shelly Surpass SY Ingmar SY Rowyn SY Soren SY Tyra SY Valda SY605CL Page 74

7 Table 5. (continued) Yield of hard red spring wheat varieties grown at four locations in western North Dakota, Dickinson Hettinger Minot Williston Avg. western N.D Yr Yr Yr Yr Yr (bu/a) TCG-Cornerstone TCG-Spitfire TCG-Wildfire Velva WB WB WB WB-Mayville Mean CV % LSD LSD Page 75

8 Table 6. Protein at 12 percent moisture of hard red spring wheat varieties grown at seven locations in North Dakota, Casselton Prosper Dickinson Hettinger Langdon Minot Williston State Avg (%) Barlow Bolles Boost Duclair Egan Elgin-ND Faller Focus Glenn HRS HRS HRS HRS HRS LCS Anchor LCS Breakaway LCS Iguacu LCS Nitro LCS Prime LCS Pro Linkert Mott MS Chevelle MS Stingray ND901CLPlus Prestige Prevail Prosper Redstone Rollag Shelly Surpass SY Ingmar SY Rowyn SY Soren SY Tyra SY Valda SY605CL TCG-Cornerstone Page 76

9 Table 6. (continued) Protein at 12 percent moisture of hard red spring wheat varieties grown at seven locations in North Dakota, Casselton Prosper Dickinson Hettinger Langdon Minot Williston State Avg (%) TCG-Spitfire TCG-Wildfire Velva WB WB WB WB-Mayville Mean CV % LSD LSD Table 7. Test weight of hard red spring wheat varieties grown at seven locations in North Dakota, Casselton Prosper Dickinson Hettinger Langdon Minot Williston State Avg (lb/bu) Barlow Bolles Boost Duclair Egan Elgin-ND Faller Focus Glenn HRS HRS HRS HRS HRS LCS Anchor LCS Breakaway LCS Iguacu LCS Nitro LCS Prime LCS Pro Linkert Mott Page 77

10 Table 7. (continued) Test weight of hard red spring wheat varieties grown at seven locations in North Dakota, Casselton Prosper Dickinson Hettinger Langdon Minot Williston State Avg (lb/bu) MS Chevelle MS Stingray ND901CLPlus Prestige Prevail Prosper Redstone Rollag Shelly Surpass SY Ingmar SY Rowyn SY Soren SY Tyra SY Valda SY605CL TCG-Cornerstone TCG-Spitfire TCG-Wildfire Velva WB WB WB WB-Mayville Mean CV % LSD LSD Page 78