Augmented Bioremediation of PHC Fractions F2 and F3. Evaluation of Bioremediation of Condensate-Impacted Peat and Mineral Soil

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1 Augmented Bioremediation of PHC Fractions F2 and F3 Evaluation of Bioremediation of Condensate-Impacted Peat and Mineral Soil

2 Outline Introduction Approach Methods Results Conclusions Matrix Solutions Inc. 1

3 INTRODUCTION Matrix Solutions Inc. 2

4 Release Areas AREA 3 AREA 2 AREA 1 Matrix Solutions Inc. 3

5 Percent Petroleum Hydrocarbon Composition <C6 BTEX F1 F2 F3 F4 wellhead fluid worst-case soil Matrix Solutions Inc. 4

6 APPROACH Matrix Solutions Inc. 5

7 OUTCOME: BIOREMEDIATION Remediation Selection Murphy Workshop Panel Decision Process Considerations Excavation Disturbance Safety Remediation Conservation GHG Balance Criteria Stakeholders Risk Time Frame Matrix Solutions Inc. 6

8 Remediation Pre-Startup 1. BIOAUGMENTATION no augmentation moisture control fertilizer amendments oxygen delivery chemicals dry powder microbes soluble spray-on microbes 2. AREA 3 REMEDIATION TRIAL correlate findings bench scale lab testing 3. LAB SET-UP AND APPROACH analytical regime Matrix Solutions Inc. 7

9 Initial Average F2 and F3 Starting Concentrations PEAT SOIL Impacted Sample Set Slightly (A) Moderately (B) Heavily (C) Ave PHC F2 Concentration (mg/kg) 494 2,054 6,152 Ave PHC F3 Concentration (mg/kg) 1,102 3,003 7,217 Matrix Solutions Inc. 8

10 Initial Average F2 and F3 Starting Concentrations CLAY SOIL Impacted Sample Set Slightly (A) Moderately (B) Heavily (C) Ave PHC F2 Concentration (mg/kg) 382 1,521 3,268 Ave PHC F3 Concentration (mg/kg) 523 1,777 3,204 Matrix Solutions Inc. 9

11 METHODS Matrix Solutions Inc. 10

12 Methods Peat and clay soil matrices were prepared at slightly, moderately, and heavily impacted PHC concentrations Amendments were added to all but the control samples Baseline analyses in triplicate on Day 0 Mixed on Days 7, 14 Amendments re-applied on Day 90 Laboratory analyses on Days 0, 7, 14, 21, 33, 49, 63, 96, 104, 120 Matrix Solutions Inc. 11

13 Amendment Key Product ID Nutrient ORM BWA SFB PBM PBB Description Fertilizer (urea and mono-ammonium phosphate) Chemical oxygen release material Nutrient and surfactant liquid Liquid nutrients and bacteria Powder applied microbes applied via liquid Powder applied microbes applied dry Matrix Solutions Inc. 12

14 RESULTS Matrix Solutions Inc. 13

15 Results: Peat Microbiology Matrix Solutions Inc. 14

16 Results: Clay Microbiology Matrix Solutions Inc. 15

17 Results: F2 Degradation Half-Lives Highly impacted peat Moderately impacted peat Slightly impacted peat Highly impacted clay Moderately impacted clay Oxygen Nutrient Bacteria Control Slightly impacted clay days Matrix Solutions Inc. 16

18 Results: F3 Degradation Half-Lives Highly impacted peat Moderately impacted peat Slightly impacted peat Highly impacted clay Moderately impacted clay Oxygen Nutrient Bacteria Control Slightly impacted clay days Matrix Solutions Inc. 17

19 F2 and F3 Concentrations in Impacted Peat Matrix Solutions Inc. 18

20 F2 and F3 Concentrations in Impacted Clay Matrix Solutions Inc. 19

21 Peat Nutrient Concentrations Matrix Solutions Inc. 20

22 Clay Nutrient Concentrations Matrix Solutions Inc. 21

23 Salinity of Peat Samples at Day 120, Relative to Controls Matrix Solutions Inc. 22

24 Salinity of Clay Samples at Day 120, Relative to Controls Matrix Solutions Inc. 23

25 Cost-efficiency Graphs for Impacted Peat Soil - Control Matrix Solutions Inc. 24

26 Cost-efficiency Graphs for Impacted Clay Soil - Control Matrix Solutions Inc. 25

27 CONCLUSIONS Matrix Solutions Inc. 26

28 Conclusions Both amendment and control plots performed well in biodegrading PHC fractions F2 and F3, as well as PAHs ideal laboratory conditions high starting population of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria Half-lives were longer in clay than in peat Nutrient and bacteria amendments did not significantly increase the rate of biodegradation, although final end concentrations seemed to be lower Too much moisture appeared to impede biodegradation Matrix Solutions Inc. 27

29 Conclusions Overall, it was concluded that natural bioremediation without amendments would be effective with sufficiently high microbial populations at the start with sufficient nutrients Nutrient addition is relatively inexpensive and appeared to have a positive influence on end concentrations aim for carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus ratio of 100:10:1 apply nitrogen in small, periodic doses to avoid elevating nitrate concentrations in groundwater Starting F2 concentration at just over 1,000 mg/kg and F3 at well under 1,000 mg/kg to meet criteria. Peat and clay performed differently. Matrix Solutions Inc. 28

30 Thank You Matrix Solutions Inc. 30