Warm Up #15: Using the white printer paper on the table:

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1 Warm Up #15: Using the white printer paper on the table: 1. Fold it into quarters. 2. Draw out the possible structure of what you think this picture is showing in one of the boxes (Hint: This is a macromolecule).

2 The Mystery Macromolecule continued... In another box write out a claim about the identity of the mystery macromolecule, state one key piece of evidence and describe your reasoning about the identity of this mystery macromolecule.

3 So, what s the answer?

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5 How did scientist arrive at this answer? The story behind the discovery of DNA Structure While, watching this story of discovery jot down the key points of evidence about the structure of DNA in your next available box.

6 Answer the following questions below in your final box. (NOTE: Hold onto this paper) Short Answer: 1. What was the other molecule scientist thought might carry genetic information? 2. Why did this other molecule appear like a likely candidate? 3. What are the chemical components of a DNA nucleotide? True/ False: 4. The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases on each strand. 5. Prior to the structure of DNA being solved, studies stated that the genetical material would need to: be able to store information, faithfully replicated and passed on from generation to generation, and allow for changes (ie evolution to occur).

7 Instructions: 1. Collect your notebook. 2. Paste/ Tape in your foldable on the discovery of the structure of DNA. Title that page Discovery of the structure of DNA

8 Warm Up #15 1. Write down everything you can recall about DNA.

9 Lecture 4: DNA

10 Key Point: What did scientist discover about the relationship between genes and DNA?

11 Key Point Answer: Scientist discovered that the nucleic acid, DNA stores and transmits the genetic information from one generation to the next.

12 What is the overall Structure of DNA? DNA is made up of nucleotides. A nucleotide is a monomer of nucleic acids made up of: A Five Carbon Sugar (deoxyribose) A Phosphate Group A Nitrogenous Base

13 The Components and Structure of DNA There are four bases in DNA: Adenine Guanine Cytosine Thymine

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15 Chargaff s Rules Edwin Chargaff discovered that : Guanine (G)= cytosine (C ) bases Adenine (A)= thymine (T) bases

16 Base Pairing 1. Hydrogen Bonds can form only between certain base pairs. Adenine and Thymine Guanine and Cytosine

17 Kahoot Time!

18 DNA Model Read and follow the directions under lab on my website. Ask your partner for help. Write your names on everything! Clean up your spot. You are welcome to leave/donate supplies for the classroom.

19 DNA Model Example of a Plaque

20 Homework Read and summarize the article so a kindergartner could understand transcription. Drawings are welcome.

21 Warm Up #16 1. Describe the structure and function of DNA. 2. Describe the monomers of DNA. Be specific. 3. What is Chargaff s rule? 4. What is RNA?

22 DNA Model Gallery Walk Set up a table in your notebook like the one below with 4 additional rows. Title that page DNA Model Gallery Walk. Name of Group Visited Description of Model 2 positives 1 suggestion for improvement Jimmy Neutron & Cindy Vortex Used legos to build a 1 meter tall DNA strand with each base color coordinated. 1. Easy to tell each component of DNA apart. 2. The design is extremely detailed and organized. 1. Need to stabilize the model with a stand.

23 DNA Model Gallery Walk Quad the room and set up your model design on top of an available desk. Be certain to showcase the plaque as well.

24 Transcription Jot down the first thing that comes to mind when you hear the word transcription. While watching the video write down 5 key points about the process of transcription.

25 RNA Does RNA really even matter?

26 Lecture 5: RNA

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28 RNA and Protein Synthesis Genes= coded DNA instructions that control the production of proteins. RNA decodes the genetic messages by copying part of the nucleotide sequence from DNA into RNA.

29 The Structure of RNA RNA consists of a long chain of nucleotides.

30 There are 3 main differences between RNA and DNA: 1. RNA has ribose, DNA has deoxyribose 2. RNA is single-stranded. 3. RNA contains uracil in place of thymine.

31 What are the three main types of RNA?

32 Messenger RNA (mrna) Messenger RNA (mrna): carries copies of instructions for assembling amino acids into proteins.

33 rrna Ribosomes are made up of proteins and ribosomal RNA (rrna) which assists in bonding the amino acids together during protein synthesis.

34 trna transfer RNA (trna) transfers each amino acid to the ribosome and growing polypeptide chain outside of the nucleus.

35 What is transcription?

36 What is transcription? Transcription: the copying of DNA into complementary sequence of RNA Requires the enzyme RNA polymerase Occurs in the nucleus

37 During transcription: 1. RNA polymerase binds to DNA and separates the DNA strands. 2. RNA polymerase then uses one strand of DNA to create a complementary strand of RNA.

38 RNA Editing Introns = don t code for proteins cut out of RNA molecules Exons = code for proteins spliced together to form mrna.

39 Kahoot Time!

40 Homework Read and summarize the article so a kindergartner could understand translation. Drawings are welcome.