BIOLOGY. Monday 14 Mar 2016

Transcription

1 BIOLOGY Monday 14 Mar 2016

2 Entry Task List the terms that were mentioned last week in the video. Translation, Transcription, Messenger RNA (mrna), codon, Ribosomal RNA (rrna), Polypeptide, etc.

3 Agenda Entry Task Housekeeping Chapter 13 Introduction Chapter 13 Vocabulary Section 13.1 (RNA)

4 Housekeeping PRIDE Time on Wednesday, Mar 16 is Study Time

5 Question? How do these tigers differ from typical tigers you have observed in a zoo?

6 Chapter 13 RNA & Protein Synthesis

7 Essential Question How does information flow from the cell nucleus to direct the synthesis of proteins in the cytoplasm?

8 Chapter 13 Introduction Section 13.1 (RNA) What is RNA? Section 13.2 (Ribosomes & Protein Synthesis) How do cells make proteins? Section 13.3 (Mutations) What happens when a cell s DNA changes? Section 13.4 (Gene Regulation & Expression) How do cells regulate gene expression?

9 Chpt 13 Vocabulary Grab one vocabulary worksheet and pass the rest back. They will be due on the day of the exam. Should be completing as you encounter new words.

10 Section 13.1 RNA

11 Learning Objective(s) I will be able to contrast RNA & DNA I will be able to explain the process & role of transcription.

12 The Role of RNA RNA? Ribonucleic Acid Nucleic acid involved in putting the genetic code into action. pg. 362

13 pg. 362 The Role of RNA Comparing RNA & DNA. Characteristic DNA RNA Nitrogenous Bases Sugar Strand Structure Nucleotide:

14 pg. 362 The Role of RNA Comparing RNA & DNA. Characteristic DNA RNA Nitrogenous Bases Adenine, Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine Sugar Deoxyribose Ribose Adenine, Uracil, Guanine, Cytosine Strand Structure Double Stranded Single Strand Nucleotide:

15 pg. 363 The Role of RNA Functions of RNA.

16 The Role of RNA Functions of RNA. Carries copies of DNA instructions from nucleus to ribosomes for polypeptide synthesis (making proteins). Small organelle composed of 2 subunits where proteins are assembled (80 different proteins). Carries amino acids to the ribosome (rrna) & matches them to the coded mrna message. pg. 363

17 Exit Task Question: How would you identify a strand of genetic information as either RNA or DNA? Reflection: None

18 BIOLOGY Tuesday 15 Mar 2016

19 Entry Task Which of the two strands is DNA & which is RNA? Explain your reasoning.

20 Agenda Entry Task Housekeeping Section 13.1 (RNA)

21 Housekeeping PRIDE Time tomorrow, Wednesday, Mar 16 is Study Time

22 pg. 363 The Role of RNA Functions of RNA.

23 pg. 363 The Role of RNA Functions of RNA. Carries copies of DNA instructions from nucleus to ribosomes for polypeptide synthesis (making proteins).

24 pg. 363 The Role of RNA Functions of RNA. Carries copies of DNA instructions from nucleus to ribosomes for polypeptide synthesis (making proteins). Small organelle composed of 2 subunits where proteins are assembled (80 different proteins).

25 The Role of RNA Functions of RNA. Carries copies of DNA instructions from nucleus to ribosomes for polypeptide synthesis (making proteins). Small organelle composed of 2 subunits where proteins are assembled (80 different proteins). Carries amino acids to the ribosome (rrna) & matches them to the coded mrna message. pg. 363

26 pg. 364 RNA Synthesis Transcription. Segments of DNA serve as templates to produce complimentary RNA molecules.

27 Transcription Worksheet KEY A = Adenine C = Cytosine G = Guanine T = Thymine U = Uracil pg

28 pg. 364 RNA Synthesis Promoters? Regions of DNA that have specific base sequences. RNA Polymerase? Binds to DNA at promoter site. Separates strands of DNA (breaking H + bonds) Uses DNA as template to assemble nucleotides. Forms complimentary strand of RNA.

29 pg. 364 RNA Synthesis RNA Editing? RNA splices into intron & exons. Introns are removed & discarded. Exons are spliced back together.

30 BIOLOGY Wednesday 16 Mar 2016

31 Advisory Study Time. You can quietly work on assignments for any of your classes.

32 Entry Task The first step in protein synthesis is creating what type of RNA? What is its purpose? Messenger RNA (mrna) Purpose: carries copies of DNA instructions into the cytoplasm for making proteins.

33 Agenda Entry Task Housekeeping RNA Transcription Activity

34 Housekeeping Section 13.1 Quiz 1 on Friday, Mar MC questions.

35 pg. 364 RNA Synthesis Promoters? Regions of DNA that have specific base sequences. RNA Polymerase? Binds to DNA at promoter site. Separates strands of DNA (breaking H + bonds) Uses DNA as template to assemble nucleotides. Forms complimentary strand of RNA.

36 pg. 365 RNA Synthesis RNA Editing? RNA splices into intron & exons. Introns are removed & discarded. Exons are spliced back together.

37 pg RNA Transcription RNA Transcription Class Activity. Everyone will be assigned a role. As a class we will enact RNA transcription.

38 Exit Ticket Question: What is the role of transcription? Reflection: None

39 BIOLOGY Thursday 17 Mar 2016

40 Entry Task What nucleotide components are found in both DNA & RNA? Phosphate group, guanine, cytosine, & adenine.

41 Agenda Entry Task Housekeeping Section 13.2 (Ribosomes & Protein Synthesis)

42 Housekeeping Section 13.1 Quiz 1 tomorrow, Friday, Mar MC questions.

43 Section 13.2 Ribosomes & Protein Synthesis

44 Learning Objective(s) I will be able to summarize the purpose and process of translation I will be able to explain the central dogma of biology.

45 The Role of RNA Functions of RNA. Carries copies of DNA instructions from nucleus to ribosomes for polypeptide synthesis (making proteins). Small organelle composed of 2 subunits where proteins are assembled (80 different proteins). Carries amino acids to the ribosome (rrna) & matches them to the coded mrna message. pg. 363

46 Genetic Code Amino Acids? Monomers, the building blocks of polypeptides. Polypeptide? Long chains of amino acids (20 different). Order of amino acids determines the properties & shape of protein. Shape of protein determines its function.

47 Genetic Code Reading the genetic code. Read three letters at a time Each word (codon) is three bases long A codon represents a single amino acid.

48 Genetic Code Reading the genetic code. Any message must have a beginning & end. Start Codon Stop Codons

49 FIRST LETTER THIRD LETTER Genetic Code Reading the Genetic Code SECOND LETTER U C A G Phenylalanine Serine Tyrosine Cysteine U U Phenylalanine Serine Tyrosine Cysteine C Leucine Serine (Stop) (Stop) A Leucine Serine (Stop) Tryptophan G Leucine Proline Histidine Arginine U C Leucine Proline Histidine Arginine C Leucine Proline Glutamine Arginine A Leucine Proline Glutamine Arginine G Isoleucine Threonine Asparagine Serine U A Isoleucine Threonine Asparagine Serine C Isoleucine Threonine Lysine Arginine A Methionine (START) Threonine Lysine Arginine G Valine Alanine Aspartate Glycine U G Valine Alanine Aspartate Glycine C Valine Alanine Glutamate Glycine A Valine Alanine Glutamate Glycine G

50 Steps of Translation mrna: mrna transcribed in nucleus moves to cytoplasm..

51 Steps of Translation rrna & trna: Ribosome attaches to mrna & begins translation at AUG. trna has anticodons complimentary to mrna. trna brings amino acid

52 Steps of Translation Polypeptide Assembly Line : Ribosome joins amino acids with polypeptide bonds. mrna move left releasing empty trna & binding new trna

53 Steps of Translation Completing the Polypeptide: Process continues until reaches stop codon. The completed protein and mrna are released.

54 Translation Practice Take one worksheet & pass the rest back.

55 BIOLOGY Friday 18 Mar 2016

56 Entry Task What are the two components of trna? Anticodon & amino acid

57 Agenda Entry Task Housekeeping Chapter 13 Quiz 1 Chapter 11 Exam Review Translation Riddle Activity

58 Housekeeping Parent/Teacher conference Wednesday Mar 30 & Thursday Mar 31

59 Biology Quiz Clear off your desks. Remember No talking Keep your eyes on your own paper No electronics during the exam When you are finished Check to make sure you have filled in all bubbles. Place question and answer sheets on the front table. Or not taking the quiz, silently (no talking) read Translation (p )

60 Chapter 11 Exam Review Look over missed questions. Any questions raise your hand, we will review as a class.

61 Translation Riddles Follow the instruction on the worksheet. Find the anticodon around the classroom. Lift the anticodon and write the letter in the answer space. Move onto the next anticodon.