Progress in the optimal culture of human embryonic stem cell

Transcription

1 Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences Vol. 18, No. 4 Aug., (2006) / (human embryonic stem cell, hes cell) (inner cell mass, ICM) hes hes hes (mouse embryonic fibroblast, MEF) hes hes hes hes Q813 A Progress in the optimal culture of human embryonic stem cell YANG A-Cong 1,2, JIN Ying 1,2 * (1 Department of Molecular Developmental Biology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai , China; 2 Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University and Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai , China) Abstract: Human embryonic stem (hes) cells are pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass (ICM) cells of preimplantation blastocysts with the potential to self-renew and differentiate. As hes cells can be induced to differentiate into numerous cell types of all three germ layers under in vitro and in vivo conditions, they are potentially valuable for the basic research and clinical application, including researches on development of early human embryo, screening drugs and toxins, cell transplantation, gene therapy, etc. Many hes cell lines have been established under different conditions in the world. The firstly established hes cell lines were cultured on mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells with medium containing many undefined animal components such as fetal bovine serum, which may cause cross-transfection with animal pathogen and mycoplasm. In recent years, scientists had made great efforts to optimize the culture conditions for hes cells and achieved considerable progresses forward. Today, hes cells are derived and cultured under defined serum-free and feeder-free conditions without xenogeneic proteins, which to some extent solved the problems mentioned above. In this review, We will discuss the new progresses and unsolved issues on optimizing culture conditions for hes derivation and maintaining its undifferentiated state, mainly about feeder cell layer, feeder-free culture system, matrix and cytokines. Key words: human embryonic stem cell; undifferentiated state; culture system (1982 ) (1959 ) *

2 403 (human embryonic stem cell, hes cell) 1998 Thomoson [1] hes (1) (inner cell mass, ICM) (2) (3) (4) (5) Oct4 (6) hes (1) hes (2)hES (3) hes hes hes hes 1 hes (mouse embryonic fibroblast, MEF) MEF hes MEF Park [2] STO MEF hes STO hes MEF STO (condition medium, CM) [3] [4~5] [6] [7~8] [7] [9] hes [10] [11~13] hes hes hes hes 2 hes ES (leukemia inhibitory factor, Lif) ES [14] Lif hes [15] hes hes hes hes (1) Matrigel CM [16~18] (2) hes (serum replacement, SR) hes [19~21] hes hes hes (1)hES (2) (3) Sjogren-Jansson [22] hes hes hes Abeyta [23] hes

3 404 hes hes Klimanskaya [24] MEF SR Martin [25] MEF SR hes Neu5Gc hes Ludwig [26] hes [26] TeSR1 IV hes hes hes 3 / hes ( ) hes hes Matrigel hes Matrigel Klimanskaya [24] MEF hes Stojkvic [27] hes hes [19] [20] [26] hes hes 4 hes hes hes hes (serial analysis of gene expression, SAGE) hes TGFβ1/BMP FGF Wnt hes [28~29] Wnt BIO Wnt mes hes [30] Wnt/β- catenin hes [31] Activin A hes [32~34] (basic fibroblast growth factor, bfgf) [35~37] hes [16] bfgf hes [38~39] hes hes hes 5 hes hes

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