NEWS AND REVIEWS MAY 2014

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1 NEWS AND REVIEWS MAY D Printed Micro-Trusses Winner of Prism Award Strong as steel, but lighter than water Nanoscribe is very proud to be honored with 2014 Prism Award in the category Advanced Manufacturing. > read more on page DeScribe 2.2 The main new features of the Nanoscribe software tool DeScribe 2.2 are automatic splitting in the STL import tool, conversion of image files, and an even faster 3D preview. > read more on page 3 Fig.1 Hexagonal micro-truss structure (colorized SEM image). Compressive loads corresponding to 0 kg/cm² may be carried, at a density less than the half of liquid water. (Jens Bauer) Strong materials are heavy and light materials are weak. Strength and density, two materials properties of central relevance for engineering, are generally considered as strongly coupled. However, nature shows us how we may overcome long standing barriers on the search for light yet strong materials. LEARNING FROM NATURE Containing several levels of hier archical structuring from the macro- to the nano-scale, certain porous biological materials such as bone and wood remain strong despite being extremely light, even though their basic material of which they are composed is gene rally considered anything but strong. Light man-made materials such as technical foams on the other hand, attain only limited mechanical pro perties compared with corresponding bulk materials. Foams are structured randomly which is not weight efficient, with respect to strength. C ancellous bone and other natural cellular solids have an optimized architecture, designed adaptively to the loading situation. On the lowest level of h ierarchy bone consists of nanometersize building blocks, additionally providing strongly enhanced material strength because of mechanical size effects. > read more on page 2 In this Issue Page 3D Printed Micro-Trusses 1 Development of New Materials 2 Software Update: DeScribe Light Transmission 4 Imprint 4 Nanoscribe Service Team Prism Award Winner Upcoming Exhibitions Phoibos Project 6 Network: EPIC 6 Contact 6

2 NEWS AND REVIEWS > continued from page 1 Designing cellular materials with a specific microarchitecture allows one to exploit both structural advantageous mechanisms and size-dependent strengthening effects. Applying 3D direct laser writing (3D-DLW) micro architected lightweight materials from ceramic- polymer composites have been fabricated (Fig.2) and mechanically characterized (Fig.3). Exceeding all technical and natural materials with a density below 1000 Fig.2 Micro-truss structure from ceramic-polymer composite ( colorized SEM image), fabricated using 3D-DLW and atomic layer deposition. The miniaturized, specifically designed architecture allows benefiting from both structural advantages and size-dependent material strengthening effects. 2 kg/m³ as well as most metallic alloys, ratios of strength-to-weight comparable to high-performance steels and technical ceramics are reached (Fig.1). Publication: PNAS (2014), doi: / pnas Fig.3 Deformed structure after uniaxial compression (colorized SEM image). Initial failure leads to a stackwise collapse. Development of New Materials 3D printing opens fascinating new dimensions in the fabrication on the micrometer scale as Jens Bauer in his article describes and as an extensive coverage in the media proves. Additionally to the creation of new materials by learning from nature strong as steel, but lighter than water also the fabrication of so-called mechanical metamaterials gets more and more interesting. Their precise shape, size, orientation and arrangement can affect sound waves in an unconventional manner, which are unachievable with conventional materials. A valuable tool for solving both of these challenges was Nanoscribe s Photonic Professional system. Based on the technology of two photon-polymerization, it allows novel manufacturing processes for tailored material properties. * Applied Physics Letters 100, (2012) In 2012, researchers of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have succeeded in realizing a new material class through the manufacturing of a stable crystalline metafluid, a pentamode metamaterial.*

3 NEWS AND REVIEWS 3 Software Update: DeScribe 2.2 Improved workflow with automatic splitting for large structures (Roman Reiner) DeScribe is our custom tool for developing and editing GWL files which are used for defining structures and automating the writing process with our Photonic Professional systems. Soon we will release the new version DeScribe 2.2 which improves on the previous version with several new features including automatic splitting in the STL import tool, conversion of image files into 2.D relief structures and an even faster 3D preview. AUTOMATIC SPLITTING As the speed of our lithography systems increased 100-fold with the market introduction of the Photonic Professional GT, new mesoscale applications required continuous structures beyond the size of one scan field. This introduced the need to split larger structures into smaller writable blocks. With DeScribe 2.2 splitting is neatly integrated into the STL import tool leaving the familiar workflow almost untouched. There are two splitting modes tailored to piezo and galvo scan mode, respectively, and a convenient user interface giving you the usual what-you-see-is-what-you-get experience. The import tool now also supports the conversion of image files into 2.D Convert image files into 2.D relief structures. relief structures where each pixel value corresponds to a height value similar to the structures obtained using grayscale lithography. The color-to-height conversion can be controlled with a channel mixer and a range selector. Pixelation can be reduced with bilinear interpolation. IMAGE FILE IMPORT The import tool supports various file types including formats with 16 bits per channel for improved vertical resolution and can be combined with the new splitting feature. OPTIMIZED 3D PREVIEW The rendering engine has been completely rewritten and upgraded to use DirectX 11. DeScribe now uses the most advanced 3D technology to preview your structures and gets the most out of even high-end graphics cards. Older graphics hardware is still supported if you are using the newest driver version. Splitting a millimeter cube into smaller blocks of size 20 x 20 x 12 µm 3. Snapshot of the block-by-block writing process.

4 NEWS AND REVIEWS 4 Simple transmission phase gratings make colour filters in the visible Current research of a Nanoscribe customer (Piotr Wasylczyk) Optical transmission color filters can generally be realized using absorption, interference or diffraction. In a series of experiments based on this last approach, researchers from Photonic Nanostructure Facility (PNaF), led by Piotr Wasylczyk, at the Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, fabricated and characterized diffraction structures in the form of a regular grid of pillars. LIGHT TRANSMISSION of light propagation in the dielectric microstructures. The simple phase diffraction gratings offer several advantages compared to other light filtering technologies: not only can they be mass-produced using replication, but also high resolution spatial patterning can be achieved as well as straightforward integration into micro-optical devices. This research has been supported by National Science Center (Poland) within the DEC-2012/0/E/ST3/03281 grant funds and by ERDF within the POIG / Such forest of columns as it has been nicknamed, can generate a significant range of hues in white light transmission due to colour-dependent diffraction. By designing the structure topography, the wavelengthdependent diffraction efficiency can be tuned, resulting in the desired light transmission profiles. Red, green and blue filters have been demonstrated and the experimental results compared with numerical simulations Computer graphic based on a white light microscope showing a range of colours available for the pillartype gratings. Imprint News and Reviews Issue: May 2014 Editor: Martin Hermatschweiler Assistant Editor: Anke Werner Contributions: Jens Bauer (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, KIT-IAM), Nicole Lindenmann (KIT-IPQ), Piotr Wasylczyk (University of Warsaw), Roman Reiner, Gerhard Balthasar (Nanoscribe) Layout & Design: Katja Thieme Images: KIT, University of Warsaw, Nanoscribe Nanoscribe GmbH CEO: Martin Hermatschweiler Registered office of the association: Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen (DE) District court: Mannheim HRB , VAT-No. DE Tax-No. 3441/77104 SEM image of the pillar grating. More than thousand of 1. micron high polymer micropillars cover the 38 x 38 μm 2 area. Publication: Optics Express, 21, (2013).

5 NEWS AND REVIEWS News Ticker Nanoscribe Service Team (Gerhard Balthasar) Spanning a multitude of tasks, our team is travelling the world commissioning systems, training customers and providing service and support. Next to excellent product quality our most important priorities are fast service and high customer satisfaction. With Johannes Konrad and Andreas Schamber two additional motivated field engineers joined our team to be at your service. So in case you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact us! service@nanoscribe.de Customer Support Manager Gerhard Balthasar From left: Field Engineers Frédéric Husser and Johannes Konrad, Sales Manager Sofía Rodríguez, Field Engineer Andreas Schamber and Head of Service & Production Dr. Holger Fischer Prism Award Winner During the Photo nics West exhibition the winners of the 2014 Prism Awards were announced in San Francisco. Nanoscribe s 3D printer Photonic Professional GT was awarded for the most innovative product in the category Advanced Manufacturing. The unrivaled 3D laser lithography system convinced the jury of its excellent performance, accuracy and tremendous speed-up for the fabrication of nano- and microstructures. I am very proud due to the industry-wide recognition of this award of photonics, said CEO Martin Hermatschweiler at the award ceremony. Prism Award is granted annually by the International Society for Optics and Photonics SPIE for outstanding innovations in photonics that break with conventional ideas, solve problems, improve life, and are newly available on the market. Each of the nine categories in 2014 is meant to isolate a specific contribution in photonics, in a technology area or sector of the industry. Upcoming Exhibitions E-MRS Spring Meeting Lille, France May 27-29, 2014 EIPBN Washington D.C., United States May 27-30, 2014 OFS 2014 Santander, Spain June 03-0, 2014 EUSPEN 2014 Dubrovnik, Croatia June 02-06, 2014 DGaO Annual Meeting Karlsruhe, Germany June 10-14, 2014 EMBL 2014 Heidelberg, Germany July 23-2, 2014 OMN 2014 Glasgow, Scotland August 17-21, 2014 Winner team: Dr. Michael Thiel, Martin Hermatschweiler, Prof. Dr. Martin Wegener, Dr. Wanyin Cui (from left) Metamaterials 2014 Copenhagen, Denmark August 2-28, 2014

6 NEWS AND REVIEWS 6 Phoibos Meeting (Nicole Lindenmann) In March the project partners of the BMBF funded project Phoibos met at IBM Research in Rüschlikon (CH) for their half-annual meeting. In fruitful discussions the next steps in the project have been identified and the achievements of the first project year have been reviewed. One highlight of the meeting was the presentation of the dedicated photonic wire bonder that has been installed at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) in early March. More information: Phoibos project partners at the project meeting at IBM Research in Rüschlikon (CH). Installation of the Photonic Wire Bonder (PWB) prototype in a cleanroom of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). Photonic Wire Bond (PWB) fabricated by means of a Nanoscribe system. (Hoose/Lindenmann, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Microstructure Technology) European Photonics Network: EPIC - Did you know that there are more than,000 photonic companies in Europe? - Did you know that the European photonics ecosystem quantified last year s European revenue to 6.8 billion? - Did you know that in 2013 over 377,000 people were employed in the field of photonics? - Did you know that 201 will be the International Year of Light? These are reasons enough for Nanoscribe to join the European Photonics Industry Consortium EPIC. The main objective of this industry association is the promotion and sustainable development of organisations working in the field of photonics in Europe. EPIC members encompass the entire value chain from LED lighting, photovoltaic solar energy, photonics integrated circuits, optical components, lasers, sensors, imaging, displays, projectors, optic fiber, and other photonic related technologies. EPIC Director General Carlos Lee is convinced that photonics often does not demand high production volumes, and that it is important for companies to have access to low-scale manufacturing through foundries or universities that already have the necessary equipment and infrastructure. * * BioPhotonics Feb 2014 Contact Nanoscribe GmbH Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 Phone: Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Fax: Germany info@nanoscribe.de