Recombinant Enzymes From Basic Science to Commercialization

Transcription

1 Recombinant Enzymes From Basic Science to Commercialization

2 Azura Amid Editor Recombinant Enzymes From Basic Science to Commercialization 1 3

3 Editor Azura Amid Department of Biotechnology Engineering Kulliyyah of Engineering International Islamic University Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Exempted from this legal reservation are brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis or material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the Copyright Law of the Publisher s location, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer. Permissions for use may be obtained through RightsLink at the Copyright Clearance Center. Violations are liable to prosecution under the respective Copyright Law. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. While the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication, neither the authors nor the editors nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publisher makes no warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (

4 To my parents, husband, Nurulss and Amiruddin You are my strength. May Allah bless us Ameen v

5 Preface Recombinant enzyme is a substance that has many applications in industry. Studies on the productivity, efficiency, durability and its applications have been conducted by many researchers worldwide. However, suitable and focus research on a larger scale production is rarely discussed in detail because it is kept as secret by giant companies producing recombinant enzyme. Often the good findings on the latest discoveries in the laboratory were put on shelf and not suitable to be commercialized. Therefore, this book aims to share basic science that should be emphasized by the researchers so that their bench scale results will translates into a commercial product in the future. In the first chapter, the reader will be introduced to the recombinant enzyme and why it is so important in our daily lives. This chapter is also discussing the importance of research and commercialization strategies. The second chapter highlights the recombinant DNA strategies in producing recombinant enzyme clone. The fourth and fifth chapters discuss in more detailed studies that need to be carried out on the recombinant enzyme especially on the characterization and purification stages. When the basic rules have been strengthened, research methods in the up-stream processing of fermentation condition including media formulation that is able to produce high productivity is discusses in the fifth chapter, followed by strategies to scale up the production volume to higher scale is discuss in Chap. 7. Later, Chap. 8 discuss the downstream processing of recombinant enzyme. In this chapter there are four stages of processes that need to carry out to ensure that the resulting recombinant enzyme has high quality and purity. To ensure a product is suitable to be produced in large scale manufacturing plant, engineering design is required. Chapter nine highlights procedure on how to produce engineering design along with appropriate software. The important of economic and environmental evaluation analysis carried out by the software are also discussed. Finally, Chaps. 10, 11 and 12 bring readers to the case study of recombinant bromelain. This enzyme has been cloned by recombinant DNA methods and has gone through phases of many research stages those discussed in chapters two to nine. Finally, this book would not be a reality if there are no supports from all parties involved, namely editors, authors and publisher. We hope this book will encourage researchers to keep continue their basic research related to recombinant enzyme vii

6 viii Preface and finally able to commercialize it. This book is dedicated to all recombinant enzyme researchers especially those who are in Malaysia. Editor dreams that one day Malaysia will have our own recombinant enzyme manufacturing plant where many students and biochemical engineer will be able to practice their knowledge. A. Amid

7 Contents 1 Introduction to Recombinant Enzyme Pre-commercialization... 1 Azura Amid 2 Recombinant Enzyme: Cloning and Expression Azura Amid and Norhidayah Hassan 3 Common Laboratory Procedure Azura Amid, Mohd Jamil Aizat Jamaluddin and Muhd Ezza Faize Othman 4 Characterization of Recombinant Enzymes Farah Fadwa Ben Belgasem and Hamzah Mohd. Salleh 5 Purification of Recombinant Protein for Industrial Use Faridah Yusof 6 Recombinant-Enzyme Fermentation Azura Amid, Nurul Azira Ismail and Mohd Jamil Aizat Jamaluddin 7 Scaling-Up Recombinant Enzyme Fermentation Azlin Suhaida Azmi, Sarina Sulaiman, Nor Fadhillah Mohamed Amin and Fathilah Ali 8 Downstream Processing of Recombinant Enzymes for Commercialization Fadzilah Adibah Abdul Majid 9 Economic and Environmental Evaluation of Recombinant Enzyme Production Mohd Jamil Aizat Jamaluddin, Azlin Suhaida Azmi, Sarina Sulaiman, Dzun Noraini Jimat, Muhd. Ezza Faiez Othman and Azura Amid ix

8 x Contents 10 Case Study: Recombinant Bromelain Selection Azura Amid, Nurul Azira Ismail and Zatul Iffah Mohd Arshad 11 Case Study: Recombinant Bromelain Cloning, Characterization and Upstream Processes Azura Amid, Nurul Azira Ismail and Mohd Jamil Aizat Jamaluddin 12 Case Study: Recombinant Bromelain Downstream Processing Azura Amid, Zatul Iffaf Mohd Arshad and Muhd Ezza Faiez Othman Erratum to: Characterization of Recombinant Enzymes... E1 Index