The diagrams below show a human ovum (egg) and a human sperm. Which part does a sperm use to swim towards an egg?

Transcription

1 Year 9 Exam Biology Practice Questions Q. The diagrams below show a human ovum (egg) and a human sperm. What are eggs and sperm? Tick the correct box. animals cells organs Which part does a sperm use to swim towards an egg?... (c) Give the name of the male reproductive organ where sperm are made.... Page of 5

2 (d) The diagram below shows a sperm joining with an egg. What is this process called? Tick the correct box. fertilisation growth nutrition respiration Maximum 4 marks Q2. Nadine mixed grass seeds with sand. She put the mixture into three mesh bags to make three model heads. She soaked two of the bags in water. The drawings below show the model heads after one week. (i) Which two model heads did Nadine soak in water? Give the letters.... and... How can you tell this from the drawings? Page 2 of 5

3 Nadine watered both of these models for two weeks. She watered one more often than the other. How would the model that was watered more often look different from the other one? Nadine put one of the watered models near a window. Why did the grass grow towards the window?... (c) (i) Grass plants have root hairs. Which diagram shows a root hair cell? Tick the correct box. A B C D Fill the gaps in the sentence below. Root hairs take in... and... from the soil. maximum 6 marks Page 3 of 5

4 Q3. The drawing shows an experiment to investigate photosynthesis in weed from a pond. Bubbles of gas produced during photosynthesis were given off from the pond weed and collected in the test tube. Name the gas given off in photosynthesis... What two substances are taken in by the plant and used for photosynthesis? marks Light of different intensities was shone onto the pond weed. The number of gas bubbles given off in one minute at each light intensity was counted. The results are shown in the graph. (c) Which letter on the horizontal axis shows the light intensity at which the rate of photosynthesis first reaches its maximum?... Page 4 of 5

5 Blue, green and red light were then shone, in turn, onto the pond weed. The number of bubbles of the gas given off in one minute was counted. The results are shown in the table. The leaves of the pond weed contain a green pigment which absorbs light for photosynthesis (d) (i) Name this pigment.... Using the information in the table, tick a box by one colour of light which is strongly absorbed by the pigment. blue green red (e) Sugar is also produced during photosynthesis. Give two ways in which the plant uses sugar marks Maximum 8 marks Page 5 of 5

6 Q4. The diagram below shows a plant cell. In which part of a plant would you find this type of cell?... (i) Give the function of the nucleus. Give the function of the chloroplasts. (iii) Give the function of the cell wall. (c) Give the names of two labelled parts that are not present in animal cells marks Page 6 of 5

7 (d) Tick one box in each row to show whether the statement is true for photosynthesis or for respiration. statement photosynthesis respiration carbon dioxide is produced light is needed it occurs in plants and animals oxygen is produced 2 marks maximum 8 marks Q5. Cholera is a disease caused by bacteria. These bacteria produce a poison. The poison prevents the large intestine from absorbing water from the food passing through it. People with cholera can lose more than a litre of water per hour. Give one function of water in the body People can be injected with a vaccine against cholera. The vaccine contains a tiny amount of the cholera poison and not the cholera bacteria. As a result, people become immune to cholera. Describe how vaccination makes a person immune to cholera marks Page 7 of 5

8 (c) The cholera poison makes the skin permeable. A new method of vaccinating against cholera is to put a small amount of the poison, mixed with other vaccines, on a plaster. The plaster is left on the skin for a day. The vaccines pass through the skin and the person becomes immune to cholera and to other diseases. (i) Why should only a tiny amount of the poison be used? Suggest one advantage of vaccinating people in this way Maximum 5 marks Q6. Viruses have a very simple structure as shown below. They have no nucleus. Viruses only reproduce inside living cells. Unlike bacteria, viruses are not affected by medicines called antibiotics. Describe how vaccines can help the body s natural defences against viruses marks Some viruses are able to change their genetic material frequently. Each change produces a virus with different protein molecules in the protein wall. Explain why a vaccine which worked against the old virus may not work against the new types... Maximum 3 marks Page 8 of 5

9 Q7. Genetic engineering can be used to prepare human growth hormone using bacteria. The diagrams represent six stages in the process. They are not in the order, and they are not drawn to scale. Put the stages shown in the diagrams above in the correct order. Two stages have already been put in for you. Give two reasons why these bacteria are used in this process Maximum 3 marks Page 9 of 5

10 Mark schemes Q. cells if more than one box is ticked, award no mark (L3) tail (L3) (c) testis or testicle accept plurals (L4) (d) fertilisation if more than one box is ticked, award no mark (L3) [4] Q2. (i) A and C answers may be in either order both the letters and the reason are required for the mark A and C are the same is insufficient grass has germinated or grown accept A and C have hair accept something has grown in A and C accept they have hair accept they have longer or more grass seeds did not germinate or grow in B accept B has no hair seeds need water to grow is insufficient (L3) it would have longer grass accept it had more grass or more hair the grass would have grown more accept it grew more or faster accept it would have grown less because it was over-watered it would be greener is insufficient it would be healthier is insufficient (L4) Page 0 of 5

11 it grew towards the light that is where the light is coming from accept it grew towards the Sun accept to get light or sunlight accept plants or grass need light accept to get more Sun because of the sunlight is insufficient to get more heat is insufficient (c) (i) B if more than one box is ticked, award no mark (L3) (L4) any two from water accept moisture or dampness oxygen minerals accept a named mineral accept nutrients or salts accept, for two marks, two named minerals such as nitrates and phosphates do not accept plant food or food or nutrition 2 (L4) [6] Q3. oxygen carbon dioxide do not accept light water do not accept chlorophyll (c) D if more than one letter is given award no mark Page of 5

12 (d) (i) chlorophyll blue or red if blue and red are both ticked award the mark, but if green is ticked award no mark (e) any two from as an energy source or for respiration accept for energy or for food to make starch accept for growth or as a starting to make cellulose material for other compounds 2 [8] Q4. leaf accept stem or stalk (L5) (i) it controls the cell or cell s activities accept it tells the cell what to do it is the brain of the cell is insufficient accept it contains or passes on (genetic) information or genes or DNA (L5) absorbs light or Sun s energy accept traps or catches light do not accept it attracts light photosynthesis accept it makes food or glucose or sugar or starch or carbohydrate it produces oxygen is insufficient (L6) (iii) gives the cell its shape it protects the cell is insufficient supports the cell (L6) Page 2 of 5

13 (c) any two from cell wall accept wall vacuole chloroplast 2 (L6) (d) photosynthesis respiration if all four answers are correct, award two marks if two or three answers are correct, award one mark if more than one box is ticked in any row, do not credit that row 2 (L6) [8] Q5. for transport or for blood or plasma accept it stops cells becoming dehydrated it stops the body becoming dehydrated or it keeps us hydrated are insufficient it is needed for sweat or for cooling for tears it is a solvent for getting rid of waste it is needed for gas exchange it is a lubricant it is part of the cytoplasm accept allows chemical reactions to take place accept for digestion (L7) Page 3 of 5

14 any two from white blood cells (produce) antibodies or antitoxins prevent further infections or destroy the toxin or poison accept destroy or kill the bacteria 2 (L7) (c) (i) so that the patient does not get cholera accept the person might die so the poison does not prevent the large intestine from absorbing water accept intestine for large intestine do not accept small intestine (L7) no need for injections some people are afraid of needles accept it does not hurt less or no risk of infection do not accept so they can be vaccinated against several diseases (L7) [5] Q6. any two from they contain weakened viruses the body makes antibodies accept the body makes antitoxins antibodies kill or destroy healthy viruses accept antibodies destroy new infections 2 Page 4 of 5

15 it does not produce the right antibodies accept it makes the wrong antibodies antibodies only kill one type of virus antibodies only work on the right proteins accept the old antibodies do not recognise the new viruses do not accept vaccines only work on one type of virus [3] Q any two from they reproduce rapidly they are easy to culture they contain plasmids they reproduce asexually or clone or produce genetically identical populations accept easy to grow 2 [3] Page 5 of 5