Team 6: Mycotoxin Prevention in Cereal Crops by Enhanced Host Plant Resistance

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1 Team 6: Mycotoxin Prevention in Cereal Crops by Enhanced Host Plant Resistance University of Minnesota Jim Anderson Ruth Dill-Macky Yanhong Dong Corby Kistler Brian Steffenson Howard Rines Deon Stuthman Norway Åsmund Bjørnstad Anne Marte Tronsmo Helge Skinnes Guro Brodal Oleif Elen Sonja Sletner Klemsdal

2 Fusarium Head Blight (Scab) Evaluation Disease Severity Grain Soundness

3 USA wheat production - shown by class 21 million ha, 64 million Mt Hard Red Winter Hard Red Spring White Soft Red Winter Durum

4 USA wheat production areas - shown by class Yield losses >2.3 billion USD Hard Red Winter Hard Red Spring White Soft Red Winter Durum

5 USA wheat production areas - shown by class DON Conversion of all white wheat to feed Hard Red Winter Hard Red Spring White Soft Red Winter Durum

6 USA wheat production areas - shown by class Chronic DON contamination sig. yield losses Hard Red Winter Hard Red Spring White Soft Red Winter Durum

7 Objectives (1) Improve genetic resistance in cereal cultivars (2) Develop a screening system to reduce the risk of mycotoxin contaminated grain entering the food and feed chain (3) Increase the knowledge on the mechanisms of cereal infection of mycotoxin producing fungi

8 Researcher Anderson Dill-Macky Dong Garvin Hollingsworth Kistler Muehlbauer Rines Smith Steffenson Stuthman Fusarium Head Blight Research Areas Wheat Breeding, DNA Markers, Germplasm Screening, QTL Cloning Epidemiology, Disease Forecasting, Host Resistance Screening Mycotoxin Analyses Genetic Resistance Characterization Chemical control Fungal Gene Expression, F. graminearum population heterogeneity Barley & Wheat Molecular Genetics Oat Genetics, DNA markers Barley breeding, DNA markers Hordeum germplasm screening and mapping Oat Breeding Total Annual Funding ~ $1.2 million National Science Foundation USDA-NRI Plant Genome Program U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative, via USDA-ARS Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station

9 Norway Collaborators UMB Bioforsk: Dr. Åsmund Bjørnstad Team Lead Guro Brodal Senior scientist Anne Marte Tronsmo Professor Oleif Elen Senior scientist Helge Skinnes Senior Researcher Sonja Sletner Klemsdal Senior scientist Xinyao He Postdoc Ingerd Skow Hofgaard Researcher Lu Qiongxian Graduate student Hege Divon Researcher Selamawit Tekle Gobena Graduate student Erik Lysoe Postdoc Graminor AS: Heidi Udnes Aamot Graduate student Jon Arne Dieseth

10 Norway Funding Years Amount Topic From the Norwegian Research Council: $1,165,900 Rapid mycotoxin screening development $24,569 North America, Bilateral cooperation in Fusarium genomics $340,094 Genes involved in infection process and biosynthesis of mycotoxins $1,631,000 Mycotoxin prevention through resistant wheat and oats $958,140 Fusarium infection process in oats, T-2 and HT-2 toxin From UMB with Bioforsk sponsored postdoc and PhD student $479,840 PhD and Postdoc scholarships

11 Project Developments papers published with co-authorship of UMB, Bioforsk and UMN scientists U of MN AFRI-funded oat genomics project (UMB is a partner) A joint proposal with UMN, Bioforsk and the Veterinary College has been submitted for (Ruth Dill-Macky, UMN is an advisor to the Bioforsk section of this proposal) Personnel Exchange

12 Personnel Exchange Researcher exchange From Norway to USA: Prof. Åsmund Bjørnstad 9 mo. sabbatical leave and Fulbright Fellowship From USA to Norway: Prof. Ruth Dill-Macky Oct. - Dec. 2008, UMB Guest Researcher Grant

13 Personnel Exchange Student exchange From Norway to USA: Selamawit Tekle Gobena (MS) summer internship (with Ruth Dill-Macky) and independent study/thesis research project, 3 mo. summer 2008 From USA to Norway: No definite plans